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61.
E. Christians E. Michel J.-P. Renard 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1997,53(2):168-176
Heat shock genes are found in all organisms, and synthesis of heat shock proteins is induced by various stressors in nearly
all the cells forming these organisms. However, a particular situation is noticed for hsp70 genes in mouse embryos at the beginning of their development. First, spontaneous expression of hsp70 is observed at the onset of zygotic genome activity. Second, inducible expression is delayed until morula or early blastocyst
stages. A better understanding of both these points depends on a more careful analysis of hsp70 expression in relation to their major regulators, the heat shock factors. In this review, we will see how the development
of the preimplanta tion embryo highlights the complexity of heat shock gene regulation involving trans-cis interactions and the cellular and nuclear environment. 相似文献
62.
Science Policy News
European Science Foundation: Report on the Scientific Networks 1985–1990Excerpts from the ESF Communications 相似文献63.
Charlier C Coppieters W Rollin F Desmecht D Agerholm JS Cambisano N Carta E Dardano S Dive M Fasquelle C Frennet JC Hanset R Hubin X Jorgensen C Karim L Kent M Harvey K Pearce BR Simon P Tama N Nie H Vandeputte S Lien S Longeri M Fredholm M Harvey RJ Georges M 《Nature genetics》2008,40(4):449-454
The widespread use of elite sires by means of artificial insemination in livestock breeding leads to the frequent emergence of recessive genetic defects, which cause significant economic and animal welfare concerns. Here we show that the availability of genome-wide, high-density SNP panels, combined with the typical structure of livestock populations, markedly accelerates the positional identification of genes and mutations that cause inherited defects. We report the fine-scale mapping of five recessive disorders in cattle and the molecular basis for three of these: congenital muscular dystony (CMD) types 1 and 2 in Belgian Blue cattle and ichthyosis fetalis in Italian Chianina cattle. Identification of these causative mutations has an immediate translation into breeding practice, allowing marker assisted selection against the defects through avoidance of at-risk matings. 相似文献
64.
A mutation creating a potential illegitimate microRNA target site in the myostatin gene affects muscularity in sheep 总被引:38,自引:0,他引:38
Clop A Marcq F Takeda H Pirottin D Tordoir X Bibé B Bouix J Caiment F Elsen JM Eychenne F Larzul C Laville E Meish F Milenkovic D Tobin J Charlier C Georges M 《Nature genetics》2006,38(7):813-818
Texel sheep are renowned for their exceptional meatiness. To identify the genes underlying this economically important feature, we performed a whole-genome scan in a Romanov x Texel F2 population. We mapped a quantitative trait locus with a major effect on muscle mass to chromosome 2 and subsequently fine-mapped it to a chromosome interval encompassing the myostatin (GDF8) gene. We herein demonstrate that the GDF8 allele of Texel sheep is characterized by a G to A transition in the 3' UTR that creates a target site for mir1 and mir206, microRNAs (miRNAs) that are highly expressed in skeletal muscle. This causes translational inhibition of the myostatin gene and hence contributes to the muscular hypertrophy of Texel sheep. Analysis of SNP databases for humans and mice demonstrates that mutations creating or destroying putative miRNA target sites are abundant and might be important effectors of phenotypic variation. 相似文献
65.
66.
Dodge-Kafka KL Soughayer J Pare GC Carlisle Michel JJ Langeberg LK Kapiloff MS Scott JD 《Nature》2005,437(7058):574-578
Cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) is a ubiquitous mediator of intracellular signalling events. It acts principally through stimulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinases (PKAs) but also activates certain ion channels and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Epacs). Metabolism of cAMP is catalysed by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Here we identify a cAMP-responsive signalling complex maintained by the muscle-specific A-kinase anchoring protein (mAKAP) that includes PKA, PDE4D3 and Epac1. These intermolecular interactions facilitate the dissemination of distinct cAMP signals through each effector protein. Anchored PKA stimulates PDE4D3 to reduce local cAMP concentrations, whereas an mAKAP-associated ERK5 kinase module suppresses PDE4D3. PDE4D3 also functions as an adaptor protein that recruits Epac1, an exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1, to enable cAMP-dependent attenuation of ERK5. Pharmacological and molecular manipulations of the mAKAP complex show that anchored ERK5 can induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Thus, two coupled cAMP-dependent feedback loops are coordinated within the context of the mAKAP complex, suggesting that local control of cAMP signalling by AKAP proteins is more intricate than previously appreciated. 相似文献
67.
Bitoun M Maugenre S Jeannet PY Lacène E Ferrer X Laforêt P Martin JJ Laporte J Lochmüller H Beggs AH Fardeau M Eymard B Romero NB Guicheney P 《Nature genetics》2005,37(11):1207-1209
Autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy is a rare congenital myopathy characterized by delayed motor milestones and muscular weakness. In 11 families affected by centronuclear myopathy, we identified recurrent and de novo missense mutations in the gene dynamin 2 (DNM2, 19p13.2), which encodes a protein involved in endocytosis and membrane trafficking, actin assembly and centrosome cohesion. The transfected mutants showed reduced labeling in the centrosome, suggesting that DNM2 mutations might cause centronuclear myopathy by interfering with centrosome function. 相似文献
68.
Anttonen AK Mahjneh I Hämäläinen RH Lagier-Tourenne C Kopra O Waris L Anttonen M Joensuu T Kalimo H Paetau A Tranebjaerg L Chaigne D Koenig M Eeg-Olofsson O Udd B Somer M Somer H Lehesjoki AE 《Nature genetics》2005,37(12):1309-1311
We identified the gene underlying Marinesco-Sj?gren syndrome, which is characterized by cerebellar ataxia, progressive myopathy and cataracts. We identified four disease-associated, predicted loss-of-function mutations in SIL1, which encodes a nucleotide exchange factor for the heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) chaperone HSPA5. These data, together with the similar spatial and temporal patterns of tissue expression of Sil1 and Hspa5, suggest that disturbed SIL1-HSPA5 interaction and protein folding is the primary pathology in Marinesco-Sj?gren syndrome. 相似文献
69.
Zusammenfassung Theophyllin verringert die Aktivität der Adenyl-Cyclase (AC) in der plasmamembranreichen Fraktion der Meerschweinchenlunge in Konzentrationen von 6–10 mM; es hat dagegen keinen Einfluss auf die Aktivität der AC in Meerschweinchenherzen. Diese Resultate weisen darauf hin, dass in verschiedenen Geweben geringe Unterschiede in der Enzym-Katalyse bestehen können. 相似文献
70.
R. M. Nalbandian R. E. Michel I. Mader 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1968,24(10):1006-1007
Zusammenfassung Normale Serumproteine wurden mittels zweistufiger Elektromagnetophorese in Polyacrylamidgel, einer neuen Technik, aufgetrennt, wobei die Trennung auf Grund der paramagnetischen Eigenschaften der einzelnen Proteine erfolgt.
Supported by William Beaumont Hospital Research Institute in Affiliation with the Research Laboratories, General Motors Corporation and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University. 相似文献
Supported by William Beaumont Hospital Research Institute in Affiliation with the Research Laboratories, General Motors Corporation and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University. 相似文献