描述石灰石分解的分数维收缩核模型及模拟

基于分形理论中颗粒表面积与颗粒当量半径以及表面积与体积之间的关系式，考虑固体颗粒表面形貌的不规则性，建立了化学反应起控制作用的固体颗粒分解的分数维收缩核模型，并将其用来模拟石灰石颗粒的缎烧分解过程，取得了较为满意的模拟结果．同时，将其模拟结果与收缩核模型的模拟结果进行了比较．     

A comparison of optimization theories for energy conservation in heat exchanger groups

In general,thermal processes can be classified into two categories: heat-work conversion processes and heat transfer processes. Correspondingly,the optimization of thermal processes has to have two different criteria:the well known entropy generation minimization method and the recently proposed entransy dissipation maximization method. This study analyzes the thermal issues in a heat exchanger group,and optimizes the unit arrangements under different constraints based on a suitable optimization crite-rion. The result indicates that the principle of minimum entropy generation rate is valid for optimizing heat exchangers in a ther-modynamic cycle with given boundary temperatures. In contrast,the entransy dissipation maximization is more suitable in heat exchanger optimizations involving only heat transfer processes. Furthermore,the entropy generation rate induced by dumping used streams into ambient surroundings has to be taken into account,except for that originating from the hot and cold-ends of heat exchangers,when using the entropy generation minimization to optimize heat exchangers undergoing a thermodynamic cycle.     

API P105油管钢在含CO2溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为

用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和极化测量,研究了在含CO2的溶液中NaCl含量对API P105钢的电化学腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明,随着NaCl含量的增大,P105钢的腐蚀电位正移,抑制了腐蚀过程的阴阳极反应,降低了P105钢的腐蚀速率.分析表明,Cl在API P105钢表面的吸附为Temkin等温吸附.     

Novel 1-D Sandwich Photonic Bandgap Structure

A sandwich photonic bandgap (PBG) structure is a novel PBG structure whose periodic lattice is buried in the middle of a substrate. Neither drilling nor suspending the substrate is required, and the integrity of the ground plane is maintained. This paper presents several modification techniques for sandwich PBG structure fabrication. The forbidden gap can be improved by adopting the chirping technique, applying the tapering technique, enlarging the periodic elements, adjusting the location of the periodic lattice in the substrate, and using different dielectric media H-shape elements. A finite difference time domain method is applied to analyze the structures. Deep and wide stopbands can be obtained using the modified sandwich structures. Experimental measurement results agree well with the theoretical analysis.     

The specific contribution of object''''s origin on artifacts categorization

Gelman and Bloom found that adults and children's object naming was sensitive to how an object was created (man-made or not), but they did not reveal on which specific level of conceptual system this effect was. Using a free-naming task and a force-choice task, two experiments were conducted to test a hypothesis that this effect was specifically on domain level ("artifact/non-artifact" distinction). In Experiment 1, participants were asked to name shortly-depicted objects, rate their confidence, and report their reasons for each naming response. Results showed that most of the naming responses in "man-made" condition were in artifact domain, and most in "natural" condition were in non-artifact domain, although in both conditions names were very divergent on basic level. In Experiment 2, another group of participants were asked to choose one from two names (one in artifact domain and the other in non-artifact domain) to match the same shortly-depicted objects presented in the first experiment. Re-sults of Experiment 1 on domain level were replicated in Experiment 2. These convergent findings supported the hypothesis that the effect of object's origin is specifically on domain level of conceptual system of objects. Reasons explicitly reported for naming responses in Experiment 1 suggested that participants might automatically infer objects' functions in "man-made" condition but not in "natural" condition. Here the function-based hypothesis of artifacts classification is discussed.     

大庆徐家围子断陷火山岩储集性控制因素分析

为预测大庆徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩储层有利相带的分布,对火山岩储集性的控制因素进行了分析。岩芯和薄片观察表明,原生孔隙是火山岩储集空间形成的基础,次生孔隙是储集空间的重要组成部分。通过对火山岩孔隙类型的统计,结合对岩芯物性的对比分析,发现控制火山岩储集性的主要因素有火山岩岩相、构造裂缝和酸性流体的溶蚀作用等。不整合面下方火山机构地貌突出且火山岩溶蚀强烈的部位应该成为今后重点勘探的区域。     

四川华蓥二叠-三叠系界线剖面稳定碳同位素变化特征及其生物地球化学循环成因

对四川华蓥楼房湾剖面稳定碳同位素进行的研究表明,该地区二叠-三叠系界线附近碳同位素变化趋势与全球变化基本一致。早三叠世早期ΔB平均值高于晚二叠世晚期,指示海水中磷酸盐浓度的增大和初级生产力的繁盛。从晚二叠世末期开始δ13Ccarb的缓慢降低是由大规模火山作用以及陆地风化作用加强造成的;早三叠世最早期δ13Ccarb和δ13Corg的快速同步降低所代表的全球碳循环变化主要受控于生物集群绝灭的主幕及海平面上升引起的底部缺氧水上涌。总之,二叠-三叠纪之交碳同位素变化是火山作用、海平面变化、海洋和陆地生物集群绝灭以及缺氧水上涌等因素综合作用的结果。     

一种基于泊松分布的提高X射线脉冲星脉冲轮廓信噪比的方法

论述了X射线脉冲星辐射模型和脉冲轮廓构造算法,提出了以Kullback-leibler距离函数作为评价标准,提高具有泊松分布规律的X射线脉冲星脉冲轮廓信噪比的平滑算法,推导了平滑参数和平滑累积脉冲轮廓的计算公式.搭建了X射线脉冲星导航地面模拟系统,实现了对模拟X射线脉冲星单光子到达时间的记录及X射线脉冲星脉冲轮廓的构造,得到了X射线脉冲到达时间TOA.在X射线脉冲星导航地面模拟系统上,对平滑算法进行了验证,结果表明该算法对于提高累积脉冲轮廓的信噪比效果显著,信噪比提高大于10dB.     

Forced response of atmospheric oscillations during the last millennium simulated by a climate system model

Variations in global atmospheric oscillations during the last millennium are simulated using the climate system model FGOALS_gl. The model was driven by reconstructions of both natural forcing (solar variability and volcanic aerosol) and anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosol). The model results are compared against proxy reconstruction data. The reconstructed North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was out of phase with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in the last millennium. During the ...     

元胞自动机模型的尺度敏感性分析

以深圳市龙华镇为案例区,构建了土地利用/覆被变化的元胞自动机模型,从时间和空间两个方面定量研究了LUCC模型的尺度效应。通过改变模型输入数据的空间分辨率和模型模拟的时间长度,探讨了尺度对土地利用变化模型的影响。分别采用龙华镇1990年30,60,90,120,150,180,210和240 m空间分辨率的土地利用数据作...