银掺杂TiO2催化剂的制备表征及其光催化消除甲醇

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ag/TiO2粉体光催化剂,用差热-热重、红外光谱、固体紫外可见光谱等对其进行表征.用甲醇的光催化降解反应作为模型反应,评价了掺银改性TiO2的光催化活性.考察了活化时不同焙烧温度、时间等对Ag/TiO2光催化消除甲醇的影响.实验结果表明,Ag与TiO2的物质的量之比为0.024、活化的焙烧温度为400℃,焙烧时间为3 h的催化剂性能最好,能在紫外光照射下催化消除初始浓度为6.86 g·m-3,流速为15 mL·min-1的甲醇,消除率为98.6%,达到国家排放标准.当甲醇的浓度在4.49 g·m-3、流速为15 mL·mm-1时,消除率达到100%.图8,参16.     

提高实验室开放教学效果的方法研究

从实验室开放实际存在的问题出发,将PBL教学模式引入实验室开放教学中以提高开放效果。学生可充分利用在实验时间和内容上的自主性,获得发现问题、发展创造性思维的主动性,同时教师也获得大胆改进教学模式的机会,为实验教学改革提供一种新的模式。     

Phyllosilicates on Mars and implications for early martian climate

The recent identification of large deposits of sulphates by remote sensing and in situ observations has been considered evidence of the past presence of liquid water on Mars. Here we report the unambiguous detection of diverse phyllosilicates, a family of aqueous alteration products, on the basis of observations by the OMEGA imaging spectrometer on board the Mars Express spacecraft. These minerals are mainly associated with Noachian outcrops, which is consistent with an early active hydrological system, sustaining the long-term contact of igneous minerals with liquid water. We infer that the two main families of hydrated alteration products detected-phyllosilicates and sulphates--result from different formation processes. These occurred during two distinct climatic episodes: an early Noachian Mars, resulting in the formation of hydrated silicates, followed by a more acidic environment, in which sulphates formed.     

Genome sequencing in microfabricated high-density picolitre reactors

The proliferation of large-scale DNA-sequencing projects in recent years has driven a search for alternative methods to reduce time and cost. Here we describe a scalable, highly parallel sequencing system with raw throughput significantly greater than that of state-of-the-art capillary electrophoresis instruments. The apparatus uses a novel fibre-optic slide of individual wells and is able to sequence 25 million bases, at 99% or better accuracy, in one four-hour run. To achieve an approximately 100-fold increase in throughput over current Sanger sequencing technology, we have developed an emulsion method for DNA amplification and an instrument for sequencing by synthesis using a pyrosequencing protocol optimized for solid support and picolitre-scale volumes. Here we show the utility, throughput, accuracy and robustness of this system by shotgun sequencing and de novo assembly of the Mycoplasma genitalium genome with 96% coverage at 99.96% accuracy in one run of the machine.     

EphrinB2 is the entry receptor for Nipah virus, an emergent deadly paramyxovirus

Nipah virus (NiV) is an emergent paramyxovirus that causes fatal encephalitis in up to 70 percent of infected patients, and there is evidence of human-to-human transmission. Endothelial syncytia, comprised of multinucleated giant-endothelial cells, are frequently found in NiV infections, and are mediated by the fusion (F) and attachment (G) envelope glycoproteins. Identification of the receptor for this virus will shed light on the pathobiology of NiV infection, and spur the rational development of effective therapeutics. Here we report that ephrinB2, the membrane-bound ligand for the EphB class of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), specifically binds to the attachment (G) glycoprotein of NiV. Soluble Fc-fusion proteins of ephrinB2, but not ephrinB1, effectively block NiV fusion and entry into permissive cell types. Moreover, transfection of ephrinB2 into non-permissive cells renders them permissive for NiV fusion and entry. EphrinB2 is expressed on endothelial cells and neurons, which is consistent with the known cellular tropism for NiV. Significantly, we find that NiV-envelope-mediated infection of microvascular endothelial cells and primary cortical rat neurons is inhibited by soluble ephrinB2, but not by the related ephrinB1 protein. Cumulatively, our data show that ephrinB2 is a functional receptor for NiV.     

Phospholipase Cgamma1 controls surface expression of TRPC3 through an intermolecular PH domain

Many ion channels are regulated by lipids, but prominent motifs for lipid binding have not been identified in most ion channels. Recently, we reported that phospholipase Cgamma1 (PLC-gamma1) binds to and regulates TRPC3 channels, components of agonist-induced Ca2+ entry into cells. This interaction requires a domain in PLC-gamma1 that includes a partial pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-a consensus lipid-binding and protein-binding sequence. We have developed a gestalt algorithm to detect hitherto 'invisible' PH and PH-like domains, and now report that the partial PH domain of PLC-gamma1 interacts with a complementary partial PH-like domain in TRPC3 to elicit lipid binding and cell-surface expression of TRPC3. Our findings imply a far greater abundance of PH domains than previously appreciated, and suggest that intermolecular PH-like domains represent a widespread signalling mode.     

利用Web日志挖掘技术构建自适应网站

利用基于图结构Web日志挖掘获得的规则和用户访问模式,使Web站点的结构及站点内的页面进行自身的调整和改善,从而实现站点组织结构的优化.     

有约束的多元线性回归模型的Mi nimax估计

在损失函数tr(B-B)'A(B-B)下给出B在线性估计类中的Minimax估计,研究了其性质.在一些特殊的情形下,该估计包括了多元功效岭回归估计(Ridge regression estimation),多元Stein估计等.     

An eSnake model for medical image segmentation

Deformable model is a curve or a surface drivenpartial differential equations (PDE) method for imagesegmentation and pattern recognition. Two types ofdeformable models have been developed previously.One is the parametric deformable model proposed byKass et al.[1], which formulates the curve explicitlyin the parametric form. The other is the geometricdeformable model, which implicitly characterizes thecurve by a level set function developed by Osher,Sethian and implement…     

基于挠度的体外与体内无粘结预应力筋应力增量

研究了体外预应力以及体内无粘结预应力梁力筋变形与跨中挠度的关系,提出了一种基于挠度的预应力筋应力增量计算的新方法.首先建立了体外预应力梁和体内无粘结预应力梁的变形相容方程,推导了用跨中挠度表达的力筋应力增量计算公式,提出了适用于体内外预应力筋应力增量的统一计算公式,能够计算正常使用和承载能力极限状态下预应力筋的应力.最后运用该公式计算了国内外大量试验梁(包括6根体外预应力梁和22根体内无粘结预应力梁),计算出应力增量与试验结果之比的均值在0.99～1.02之间,标准差为0.1左右.表明该式计算值与试验实测吻合良好,公式形式简单,能够反映结构的受力机理.