A closely packed system of low-mass, low-density planets transiting Kepler-11

When an extrasolar planet passes in front of (transits) its star, its radius can be measured from the decrease in starlight and its orbital period from the time between transits. Multiple planets transiting the same star reveal much more: period ratios determine stability and dynamics, mutual gravitational interactions reflect planet masses and orbital shapes, and the fraction of transiting planets observed as multiples has implications for the planarity of planetary systems. But few stars have more than one known transiting planet, and none has more than three. Here we report Kepler spacecraft observations of a single Sun-like star, which we call Kepler-11, that reveal six transiting planets, five with orbital periods between 10 and 47?days and a sixth planet with a longer period. The five inner planets are among the smallest for which mass and size have both been measured, and these measurements imply substantial envelopes of light gases. The degree of coplanarity and proximity of the planetary orbits imply energy dissipation near the end of planet formation.     

FAS and NF-κB signalling modulate dependence of lung cancers on mutant EGFR

Human lung adenocarcinomas with activating mutations in EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) often respond to treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but the magnitude of tumour regression is variable and transient. This heterogeneity in treatment response could result from genetic modifiers that regulate the degree to which tumour cells are dependent on mutant EGFR. Through a pooled RNA interference screen, we show that knockdown of FAS and several components of the NF-κB pathway specifically enhanced cell death induced by the EGFR TKI erlotinib in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells. Activation of NF-κB through overexpression of c-FLIP or IKK (also known as CFLAR and IKBKB, respectively), or silencing of IκB (also known as NFKBIA), rescued EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells from EGFR TKI treatment. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of NF-κB enhanced erlotinib-induced apoptosis in erlotinib-sensitive and erlotinib-resistant EGFR-mutant lung cancer models. Increased expression of the NF-κB inhibitor IκB predicted for improved response and survival in EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients treated with EGFR TKI. These data identify NF-κB as a potential companion drug target, together with EGFR, in EGFR-mutant lung cancers and provide insight into the mechanisms by which tumour cells escape from oncogene dependence.     

A Pluto-like radius and a high albedo for the dwarf planet Eris from an occultation

The dwarf planet Eris is a trans-Neptunian object with an orbital eccentricity of 0.44, an inclination of 44 degrees and a surface composition very similar to that of Pluto. It resides at present at 95.7 astronomical units (1?AU is the Earth-Sun distance) from Earth, near its aphelion and more than three times farther than Pluto. Owing to this great distance, measuring its size or detecting a putative atmosphere is difficult. Here we report the observation of a multi-chord stellar occultation by Eris on 6 November 2010 UT. The event is consistent with a spherical shape for Eris, with radius 1,163?±?6?kilometres, density 2.52?±?0.05 grams per cm(3) and a high visible geometric albedo, Pv = 0.96(+0.09)(-0.04). No nitrogen, argon or methane atmospheres are detected with surface pressure larger than ～1?nanobar, about 10,000 times more tenuous than Pluto's present atmosphere. As Pluto's radius is estimated to be between 1,150 and 1,200 kilometres, Eris appears as a Pluto twin, with a bright surface possibly caused by a collapsed atmosphere, owing to its cold environment. We anticipate that this atmosphere may periodically sublimate as Eris approaches its perihelion, at 37.8 astronomical units from the Sun.     

搜索引擎日志中"V+N1+N2"型短语研究

搜索引擎用短语词典能够有效地改善和提高信息检索的性能,"V+N1+N2"型结构是一种常见汉语短语结构.本文基于搜狗语料,分别从各组成要素特点、语义特征以及句法功能,对"V+N1+N2"型动词短语和名词短语进行统计分析和相关数据处理.针对不同语义关系,在不改变原语义的条件下,提出了相应的转换模式,为搜索引擎用短语词典的构建提供了理论支撑.     

HCV全长cDNA细胞培养适应性突变体的构建及其体外转录制备感染性RNA的研究

运用重叠延伸PCR方法对HCV全长基因组cDNANS3和NS5A上的E1202G、T1280I和S2197P进行细胞培养适应性突变,构建含有细胞培养适应性突变的HCV全长基因组cDNA,体外转录制备RNA,脂质体法转染人肝癌细胞Huh-7,以RT-PCR检测HCV正、负链RNA,间接免疫荧光法和Western blot检测细胞内HCVNS3蛋白的表达。结果证明,转染后细胞内可间断检测到HCV正、负链RNA及HCVNS3蛋白的表达,且突变体RNA与未突变的HCVRNA相比,明显具有更高的复制效率和蛋白表达。该研究为后续HCV体外培养体系的研究提供了可在细胞内高效自主复制的HCV病毒模板。     

Effects of Hydrophilic Monomer Types and Level on Polystyrene-Acrylate/montmorillonite Nanocomposite Made by Emulsion Polymerization

1 Results Nanocomposite has attracted more and more interest all over the world.Polystyrene (PS) is a commercialized and mass-productive polymer,continuous research efforts have been devoted to the development of polystyrene/montmorillonite (PS/MMT) nanocomposites[1-2].But the polarity of styrene (St) is too small to intercalate the space between the clay layers.The polarity of hydrophilic monomer is so strong that it can intercalate the MMT easily,the intercalated smectic clays maybe exfoliated by usin...     

加大宣传力度开发智力资源

论述了宣传在图书馆工作中的重要性和特点,从4个方面提出了高校图书馆宣传工作的具体措施。     

在阳泉市郊区产业化发展金银花的可行性研究

介绍了金银花的生物学特性及功用,对金银花作为阳泉市郊区发展主栽品种的可行性进行了探讨,并对其经济效益进行了分析。     

浅谈高校图书馆对艺术专业学生的特色服务

阐述了高校图书馆应根据艺术类专业学生的特点,通过开设艺术阅览室、增加艺术类报刊文献的收藏比例、根据艺术专业特点进行文献检索与利用教学、利用网络为学生提供服务等手段和方法,有区别、有针对性地开展特色服务。