LGA风机圆盘式消声器的有限元动力计算

针对由最优化设计方法获得的ＬＧＡ 风机进口安装的圆盘式阻性消声器模型，在未对消声器实物加工之前，根据消声器的图纸及有关数据进行了有限元动力计算，从而初步了解消声器的动态特性．为设计优良的消声器提供新的有效途径．     

高铬白口铸铁气门座圈热处理工艺改进研究

研究了用作气门座圈的高铬 (1 4%Cr)耐磨铸铁的热处理工艺对材料组织形态的影响 通过测定对该种高铬铸铁进行一次亚临界热处理、二次亚临界热处理的温度与硬度的关系曲线 ,在对组织形态、显微硬度进行分析的基础上 ,提出了改进的工艺方案 研究结果表明 ,该材料经新工艺处理后完全符合硬度检验要求 ,且组织均匀性优于在原工艺处理下的效果 ,并且新工艺具有省时、节能的特点     

遗传算法及其应用

遗传算法是模拟生物进化机制新发展起来的一种搜索和优化方法，它是基于自然进化机制并且在寻找目标函数或在目标函数附近解决优化问题，遗传算法已在许多领域得到应用。并显示出良好的发展前景．本文介绍了一些优化方向的基本问题，包括理论、方法、实现技术以及应用中的普遍性问题，对其应用前景进行了展望．     

Vanilloid receptors on sensory nerves mediate the vasodilator action of anandamide.

The endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist anandamide is a powerful vasodilator of isolated vascular preparations, but its mechanism of action is unclear. Here we show that the vasodilator response to anandamide in isolated arteries is capsaicin-sensitive and accompanied by release of calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP). The selective CGRP-receptor antagonist 8-37 CGRP, but not the cannabinoid CB1 receptor blocker SR141716A, inhibited the vasodilator effect of anandamide. Other endogenous (2-arachidonylglycerol, palmitylethanolamide) and synthetic (HU 210, WIN 55,212-2, CP 55,940) CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists could not mimic the action of anandamide. The selective 'vanilloid receptor' antagonist capsazepine inhibited anandamide-induced vasodilation and release of CGRP. In patch-clamp experiments on cells expressing the cloned vanilloid receptor (VR1), anandamide induced a capsazepine-sensitive current in whole cells and isolated membrane patches. Our results indicate that anandamide induces vasodilation by activating vanilloid receptors on perivascular sensory nerves and causing release of CGRP. The vanilloid receptor may thus be another molecular target for endogenous anandamide, besides cannabinoid receptors, in the nervous and cardiovascular systems.     

Regulation of cell movement is mediated by stretch-activated calcium channels.

Intracellular calcium regulates many of the molecular processes that are essential for cell movement. It is required for the production of actomyosin-based contractile forces, the regulation of the structure and dynamics of the actin cytoskeletons, and the formation and disassembly of cell-substratum adhesions. Calcium also serves as a second messenger in many biochemical signal-transduction pathways. However, despite the pivotal role of calcium in motile processes, it is not clear how calcium regulates overall cell movement. Here we show that transient increases in intracellular calcium, [Ca2+]i, during the locomotion of fish epithelial keratocytes, occur more frequently in cells that become temporarily 'stuck' to the substratum or when subjected to mechanical stretching. We find that calcium transients arise from the activation of stretch-activated calcium channels, which triggers an influx of extracellular calcium. In addition, the subsequent increase in [Ca2+]i is involved in detachment of the rear cell margin. Thus, we have defined a mechanism by which cells can detect and transduce mechanical forces into biochemical signals that can modulate locomotion.     

加强素质教育的思考

论述了进入21世纪在理工科院校加强综合素质教育的重大意义，指出了传统高等教育体制下人才培养存在的主要弊端，探讨了在理工科院校加强人文综合素质教育的措施．     

Subunits of the translation initiation factor eIF2B are mutant in leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter.

Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter (VWM) is an inherited brain disease that occurs mainly in children. The course is chronic-progressive with additional episodes of rapid deterioration following febrile infection or minor head trauma. We have identified mutations in EIF2B5 and EIF2B2, encoding the epsilon- and beta-subunits of the translation initiation factor eIF2B and located on chromosomes 3q27 and 14q24, respectively, as causing VWM. We found 16 different mutations in EIF2B5 in 29 patients from 23 families. We also found two distantly related individuals who were homozygous with respect to a missense mutation in EIF2B2, affecting a conserved amino acid. Three other patients also had mutations in EIF2B2. As eIF2B has an essential role in the regulation of translation under different conditions, including stress, this may explain the rapid deterioration of people with VWM under stress. Mutant translation initiation factors have not previously been implicated in disease.     

The effect of protein-energy malnutrition on appositional bone growth in the rat.

During protein-energy malnutrition appositional bone growth in the seventh caudal vertebra of the rat slows and finally ceases. During rehabilitation appositional growth begins agains and attains a rate in excess of that of the controls. This may account for alterations in skeletal proportions resulting from malnutrition.