正交各向异性板Ⅲ型裂纹问题的William''''s一般解

引人参数β=(√μx/μy),将正交各向异性板反平面裂纹问题的基本边值问题转换为正交各向同性的形式,反平面裂纹问题的位移和应力在正交各向同性和正交各向异性这两种情况之间的比拟关系非常简单,使问题的求解更为方便.为了说明这个比拟方法,分别求导了含有内部裂纹和边缘裂纹的正交各向异性板Ⅲ型二维裂纹问题的William's一般解.这些William's一般解对于用FFEM和其他数值方法来求解正交各向异性板反平面裂纹问题是一个非常重要的基础.研究结果表明这种比拟变换方法能有效地简化正交各向异性板Ⅲ型裂纹问题的求解.     

Structure of the insulin receptor ectodomain reveals a folded-over conformation

The insulin receptor is a phylogenetically ancient tyrosine kinase receptor found in organisms as primitive as cnidarians and insects. In higher organisms it is essential for glucose homeostasis, whereas the closely related insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) is involved in normal growth and development. The insulin receptor is expressed in two isoforms, IR-A and IR-B; the former also functions as a high-affinity receptor for IGF-II and is implicated, along with IGF-1R, in malignant transformation. Here we present the crystal structure at 3.8 A resolution of the IR-A ectodomain dimer, complexed with four Fabs from the monoclonal antibodies 83-7 and 83-14 (ref. 4), grown in the presence of a fragment of an insulin mimetic peptide. The structure reveals the domain arrangement in the disulphide-linked ectodomain dimer, showing that the insulin receptor adopts a folded-over conformation that places the ligand-binding regions in juxtaposition. This arrangement is very different from previous models. It shows that the two L1 domains are on opposite sides of the dimer, too far apart to allow insulin to bind both L1 domains simultaneously as previously proposed. Instead, the structure implicates the carboxy-terminal surface of the first fibronectin type III domain as the second binding site involved in high-affinity binding.     

Theoretical Analysis of the Factors Affecting Splice Loss During Fabric Spreading

Material utilization is mainly concerned by industrialpractitioners since it contributes to minimize the totalproduction costs for garment manufacturing. Apart fromthe marker loss, splice loss (the fabric loss during thejoining of different fabric rolls) is one of the primarycauses of fabric loss, but it has not been considered spe-cifically in the past literatures. The amount of splice lossduring fabric spreading is governed by various factors in-cluding the marker length, the number of fabric rolls,and the number of splicing intervals for laying-up. Inour study, these three effects on splice loss during fabricspreading were computed and analysed.     

MATRIX-AGENT FRAMEWORK： A VIRTUAL PLATFORM FOR MULTI-AGENTS

1. Introduction The system development life cycle in software engineering has gradually moved from traditional pipelining-like processes towards more open and flexible processes. Multi-agent technology has become one of the major directions of future software engineering development as it has the capacity to play a key role in current and future computer science and its application (Weiss, 1999). In the modern business and technology environment, organisational information systemsare facing co…     

基于GA的计算机数学试验Mm-LH设计

将遗传算法(ＧＡ)引入到计算机数学试验(ＣＥ)的研究中,在ＭｍＬＨ设计空间,给出新的位串编码规则及相应的遗传操作,从而得到一个构造ＭｍＬＨ设计的有效方法,与传统方法相比,它具有更高的构造效率比,并可将其用于其它准则的设计研究与构造中·     

A new approach to forecasting intermittent demand based on the mixed zero-truncated Poisson model

This paper proposes a new approach to forecasting intermittent demand by considering the effects of external factors. We classify intermittent demand data into two parts—zero value and nonzero value—and fit nonzero values into a mixed zero-truncated Poisson model. All the parameters in this model are obtained by an EM algorithm, which regards external factors as independent variables of a logistic regression model and log-linear regression model. We then calculate the probability of occurrence of zero value at each period and predict demand occurrence by comparing it with critical value. When demand occurs, we use the weighted average of the mixed zero-truncated Poisson model as predicted nonzero demands, which are combined with predicted demand occurrences to form the final forecasting demand series. Two performance measures are developed to assess the forecasting methods. By presenting a case study of electric power material from the State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company in China, we show that our approach provides greater accuracy in forecasting than the Poisson model, the hurdle shifted Poisson model, the hurdle Poisson model, and Croston's method.     

Dependence of 6β-acetoxy-7α-hydroxyroyleanone block of Kv1.2 channels on C-type inactivation

Voltage-gated K⁺ (Kv) channels exhibit slow or C-type inactivation during continuous depolarization. A selective pharmacological agent targeting C-type inactivation is hitherto lacking. Here, we report that 6β-acetoxy-7α-hydroxyroyleanone (AHR), a diterpenoid compound isolated from Taiwania cryptomerioides, can selectively modify C-type inactivation of Kv1.2 channels. Extracellular, but not intracellular, AHR (50 μM) dramatically accelerated the slow decay of Kv currents and left-shifted the steady-state inactivation curve. AHR blocked Kv currents with an IC₅₀ of 17.7 μM. AHR did not affect the kinetics and voltage-dependence of Kv1.2 channel activation. Channel block by AHR was independent of intracellular K⁺ concentration. In addition, effect of AHR was much attenuated in a Kv1.2 V370G mutant defective in C-type inactivation. Therefore, block of Kv1.2 channels by AHR did not appear to involve direct occlusion of the outer pore but depended on C-type inactivation. AHR could thus be a probe targeting Kv channel C-type inactivation gate.     

Control of TH2 polarization by the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1

Activated T lymphocytes differentiate into effector cells tailored to meet disparate challenges to host integrity. For example, type 1 and type 2 helper (T(H)1 and T(H)2) cells secrete cytokines that enhance cell-mediated and humoral immunity, respectively. The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) can stimulate interleukin-4 production and its overexpression is associated with defects in cell-mediated immunity, indicating that it might be involved in T(H)2 polarization. Here we show that MCP-1-deficient mice are unable to mount T(H)2 responses. Lymph node cells from immunized MCP-1(-/-) mice synthesize extremely low levels of interleukin-4, interleukin-5 and interleukin-10, but normal amounts of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2. Consequently, these mice do not accomplish the immunoglobulin subclass switch that is characteristic of T(H)2 responses and are resistant to Leishmania major. These effects are direct rather than due to abnormal cell migration, because the trafficking of naive T cells is undisturbed in MCP-1(-/-) mice despite the presence of MCP-1-expressing cells in secondary lymphoid organs of wild-type mice. Thus, MCP-1 influences both innate immunity, through effects on monocytes, and adaptive immunity, through control of T helper cell polarization.     

高延性永久模板在建造耐久混凝土结构中的应用

介绍了高延性水泥基复合材料(PDCC)永久性模板在建造耐久混凝土结构中的应用.在预浇筑的PDCC永久性模板上浇筑普通混凝土,两者共同组成结构构件.低水灰比永久性模板具有的低渗透性和抗开裂能力使其成为防止钢筋锈蚀的有效保护层.在初步应用上有2种途径:使用素PDCC基体制作永久性模板和使用玻璃纤维增强塑料筋(GFRP reinforcement)加固PDCC模板从而为实际构件提供有效的承载力.进一步的应用可在构件中配合使用GFRP Bar和钢筋从而同时获得足够的承载力和延性破坏形式.介绍了PDCC永久性模板的制作过程和力学性能,比较了在不同表面处理方法下模板与普通混凝土之间的粘结力,并且分析了使用GFRP Bar加固模板制作构件的4点弯曲的理论计算和实验结果.初步的实验结果显示了该技术在实际应用上的广阔前景.