The effect of vasoactive agents on nutritive collateral circulation in rat muscles

Summary The relationship between the collateral and control nutritive blood flow (⁸⁶Rb) of the triceps muscle was not influenced by vasoactive agents (phenylephrine, angiotensin II, vasopressin) in the rat. Isolevine caused vasodilation only in the control muscle.     

管道喷涂机器人喷枪运动速度优化

为提高机器人喷涂时涂层厚度均匀性,首先根据机器人喷涂时涂层形状呈椭圆形的实际情况,选择双β分布喷枪模型对涂层厚度分布进行描述,在此基础上分析喷枪运动过程中涂层厚度累积机理。通过喷枪匀速运动条件下的圆形管道喷涂实验,研究管道内壁涂层厚度与涂料涂着效率变化规律之间的关系,提出机器人喷涂作业时喷枪运动速度优化方法,即保持喷枪运动速度与涂料涂着效率之间比值恒定。实验结果表明,该速度优化方法可有效提高涂层厚度均匀性。     

基于TD-LTE终端的连续时间ΣΔ ADC的设计

为了降低TD-LTE终端功耗,采用0.13-μm CMOS工艺实现了一款基于TD-LTE终端的连续时间ΣΔADC。采用该ADC的TD-LTE接收机省去了传统接收机中的低通滤波器,节省了功耗。该ADC采用了3阶、3位量化的结构,并用较简单的方法实现了多余环路延迟(ELD)的补偿。该ADC的硅片测试结果显示在TD-LTE的20 MHz带宽下实现了66 dB的动态范围,功耗为25.1 mA。     

Diet and food-niche breadth of Burrowing Owls ( Athene cunicularia ) in the Imperial Valley, California

Burrowing Owls ( Athene cunicularia ) occupy intensively managed agricultural areas within the Imperial Valley of California, where they occur at high densities relative to other areas in the state, and yet reproductive rates are often low. Understanding diet and food-niche breadth may lead to insights into factors contributing to their poor reproductive performance. We tested the relative contribution of sex, year, and season on diet composition and food-niche breadth from analyses of stomach contents of adult Burrowing Owls ( n = 53). Orthoptera dominated the diet; it accounted for 58.9% of the total number of prey items in all stomachs and was found in 98.2% of all samples. Rodents, a source of potentially limiting dietary calcium, were found in only 2 stomachs. We detected yearly and seasonal effects on estimated food-niche breadth. Mean food niche for the breeding season was broader (antilog of Shannons index: 2.38 ± 0.15) and more even (Pielous index: 0.67 ± 0.06) than for the nonbreeding season (1.83 ± 0.13, 0.49 ± 0.07, respectively) partially because of a greater frequency of Araneida, Isopoda, Lepidoptera, and Solpugida in the diet during the breeding season. Mean food-niche breadth for 1997 (2.25 ± 0.23) was broader than during 1994, 1995, and 1996 (2.07 ± 0.23, 1.98 ± 0.20, and 1.82 ± 0.40, respectively) because of a greater frequency of Araneida, Dermaptera, Isopoda, Lepidoptera, and Solpugida. These results, and auxiliary diet information, suggest rodents were infrequent in the diet of Burrowing Owls in the Imperial Valley and may help explain their lower reproductive success relative to other areas of California.     

山楂汁树脂降酸工艺的研究

研究离子交换树脂对山楂浸出汁降酸的效果及其影响因素.通过对比7种离子交换树脂对山楂浸出汁的静态吸附特性,测定山楂汁处理前后的总酸和黄酮含量的变化,筛选出适于山楂汁降酸的最佳离子交换树脂(D311).经实验分析,温度对树脂吸附能力影响不显著;D311树脂吸附优化条件为室温,100 mL/h流速处理;D311优化再生条件为在低流速下100 mL 1 mol/L NaOH洗脱处理.多次再生处理后,总酸吸附能力降低11.5%,黄酮吸附能力降低73.3%,黄酮的保存率可达88.8%.     

机器人制备生物芯片的分样量均一化方法

为解决机器人携带钢针分配头制备高集成度生物芯片时存在的分样量均一性差的问题,提出一种提高分样量一致性的方法:在正式点样前先使钢针与吸水材料接触,并停留一定时间,以去掉针尖外缘样品。实验结果表明:这种方法是可行的,可以显著提高分样量的一致性;用中速定性滤纸去样0.5～1.8s,可使分样量的变异系数降低到10%以下。     

Structural basis for gate-DNA recognition and bending by type IIA topoisomerases

Type II topoisomerases disentangle DNA to facilitate chromosome segregation, and represent a major class of therapeutic targets. Although these enzymes have been studied extensively, a molecular understanding of DNA binding has been lacking. Here we present the structure of a complex between the DNA-binding and cleavage core of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Topo II (also known as Top2) and a gate-DNA segment. The structure reveals that the enzyme enforces a 150 degrees DNA bend through a mechanism similar to that of remodelling proteins such as integration host factor. Large protein conformational changes accompany DNA deformation, creating a bipartite catalytic site that positions the DNA backbone near a reactive tyrosine and a coordinated magnesium ion. This configuration closely resembles the catalytic site of type IA topoisomerases, reinforcing an evolutionary link between these structurally and functionally distinct enzymes. Binding of DNA facilitates opening of an enzyme dimerization interface, providing visual evidence for a key step in DNA transport.     

Promotion of Hras-induced squamous carcinomas by a polymorphic variant of the Patched gene in FVB mice

Mice of the C57BL/6 strain are resistant to the development of skin squamous carcinomas (SCCs) induced by an activated Ras oncogene, whereas FVB/N mice are highly susceptible. The genetic basis of this difference in phenotype is unknown. Here we show that susceptibility to SCC is under the control of a carboxy-terminal polymorphism in the mouse Ptch gene. F1 hybrids between C57BL/6 and FVB/N strains ((B6FVB)F1) are resistant to Ras-induced SCCs, but resistance can be overcome either by elimination of the C57BL/6 Ptch allele (Ptch(B6)) or by overexpression of the FVB/N Ptch allele (Ptch(FVB)) in the epidermis of K5Hras-transgenic (B6FVB)F1 hybrid mice. The human Patched (PTCH) gene is a classical tumour suppressor gene for basal cell carcinomas and medulloblastomas, the loss of which causes increased signalling through the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway. SCCs that develop in PtchB6+/- mice do not lose the wild-type Ptch gene or show evidence of increased SHH signalling. Although Ptch(FVB) overexpression can promote SCC formation, continued expression is not required for tumour maintenance, suggesting a role at an early stage of tumour cell lineage commitment. The Ptch polymorphism affects Hras-induced apoptosis, and binding to Tid1, the mouse homologue of the Drosophila l(2)tid tumour suppressor gene. We propose that Ptch occupies a critical niche in determining basal or squamous cell lineage, and that both tumour types can arise from the same target cell depending on carcinogen exposure and host genetic background.     

钻削碳纤维增强型复合材料的主切削刃轴向力

碳纤维增强型复合材料的钻削轴向力与其分层、撕裂等缺陷的产生有密切关系。为了探究碳纤维复合材料钻削轴向力随切削用量的变化规律,有效控制加工缺陷的产生,该文从分析碳纤维复合材料的铺层结构出发,研究了复合材料在钻削时的切除过程和切削力分布,完善并应用多层复合材料切削模型,建立了钻削时主切削刃的宏观轴向力与切削用量的关系模型。采用T700/6421碳纤维复合材料样件进行钻削实验,结果证明了该模型的可行性。