Corporate Social Responsibility as a Messy Problem: Linking Systems and Sensemaking Perspectives

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an essential topic with regard to the relationship between business and the wider society. It is a complex and controversial phenomenon that can best be addressed via systems theory and the sensemaking perspective. This paper proposes a way to link a dialectical systems perspective with communications that includes the sensemaking and dialogic collective approaches, which help to build systems of organised activities that aim to find solutions to complex problems from a holistic perspective. Companies are increasingly aware that if they wish to be successful actors in their business and societal relationships, the traditional sole focus on maximising profit is counterproductive, especially in terms of sustaining their value chains. A holistic approach to CSR and the value chain involves companies integrating their stakeholders along their value chains, especially at the downstream and upstream extremes (their customers and suppliers). This paper illustrates its theoretical perspectives with a case study of JYSK, a multinational company based in Denmark, which demonstrates how the company based its actual management of CSR on its willingness to learn from its own actions and from the actions of others.     

奇异的航程：通过科幻影像学习科学 第二版

本书对一些神奇的问题（如：怎么判别日期？核裂变的重要性是什么？时间如何穿越星空？星际航行的可行性？）进行了描述，读者可从中得到令人深思的答复。书中用诸如《寂静的地球》《行星》《仙女座协变》及近年热播的《侏罗纪公园》《独立日》等科幻影片的片断为例进行讨论，给出了基本的物理学和生物学原理。     

Protective effect of native levan on endotoxin toxicity in mice and rats

Summary High polymer levan administered to mice and rats before the injection of endotoxin partly protects the animals from the lethal effects of the LPS.This study summarizes a thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medical Sciences in the School of Continuing Medical Education of the Tel-Aviv University Sackler Medical School.     

The effect of ammonium ion upon ribonucleic acid polymerase and guanidine triphosphatase activity in isolated bovine endometrial nuclei

Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von 0,3M (NH₄)₂SO₄ auf die RNS Polymerasen und GTPasen Aktivität wurde in einem System isolierter endometrialer Zellkerne bovinen Ursprungs untersucht. Bei Zugabe von NH ₄ ⁺ verlief die RNS-Polymerasen Reaktion für 2 h linear, anstatt nach 20–30 min in ein Plateau einzumünden. Dies beruht nicht auf einer zweiten RNS-Polymerase, sondern auf der Hemmung der GTPase, welche das Substrat mit wesentlich höherer Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit umsetzt.     

Über die Reaktion des 5,5-Diphenylglykocyamidins und seiner N-Alkylderivate mit Ammoniak und Aminen

Summary 5,5-Diphenylglycocyamidines bearing an alkyl group in position 3 are partly rearranged to the corresponding N²-alkyl derivatives on heating with alcoholic ammonia in the presence of ammonium acetate. Prolonged heating with ammonium acetate leads to N-dealkylation both of N³- and N²-alkyl derivatives. 5,5-Diphenylglycocyamidine in turn is mono- or dialkylated at N² on heating with the acetates of primary and secondary amines respectively. A mechanism for these reactions is proposed.

---

---

Mitteilung über Hydantoine, Thiohydantoine und Glykocyamidine.

---

Mitteilung:K. Lempert, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Kémiai Tudományok Osztályának Közleményei [Ber. Ung. Akad. Wiss., Kl. Chem. Wiss.]12, 59 (1959). — Chem. Reviews59, 667 (1959).     

The biosynthesis of diterpenoid alkaloids

Zusammenfassung Die diterpenoiden Alkaloide Browniin und Lycoctonin wurdenin vivo aus Mevalonsäure-2-¹⁴C hergestellt. Sie zeigten, aus Acetat-1-¹⁴C und -2-¹⁴C gewonnen, eine geringere Wirksamkeit. Die Biosynthese dieser Alkaloide scheint somit der der anderen Terpene analog.     

DNA synthesis and distribution of first and second divisions in 72-h-cultures of human leukocytes

Zusammenfassung Lymphocyten eines gesunden Erwachsenen lassen ohne Stimulation keine messbare DNS-Synthese erkennen. Nach Stimulation durch Phytohaemagglutinin finden am 2. und 3. Tag je eine Phase intensiver DNS-Synthese statt, was auf die Anwesenheit von mindestens zwei verschiedenen Zellpopulationen hinweist.

---

---

Grateful acknowledgment is made to Dr.A. Brøgger and Dr.P. Eker for their kind advice and criticism.     

Mutations in the pleckstrin homology domain of dynamin 2 cause dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of peripheral neuropathies. Different chromosomal loci have been linked with three autosomal dominant, 'intermediate' types of CMT: DI-CMTA, DI-CMTB and DI-CMTC. We refined the locus associated with DI-CMTB on chromosome 19p12-13.2 to 4.2 Mb in three unrelated families with CMT originating from Australia, Belgium and North America. After screening candidate genes, we identified unique mutations in dynamin 2 (DNM2) in all families. DNM2 belongs to the family of large GTPases and is part of the cellular fusion-fission apparatus. In transiently transfected cell lines, mutations of DNM2 substantially diminish binding of DNM2 to membranes by altering the conformation of the beta3/beta4 loop of the pleckstrin homology domain. Additionally, in the Australian and Belgian pedigrees, which carry two different mutations affecting the same amino acid, Lys558, CMT cosegregated with neutropenia, which has not previously been associated with CMT neuropathies.