FKFS和IFS氢能车辆驱动系统研究

本文介绍氢气在交通运输领域的相关应用,以氢气直喷（H₂-DI）内燃机的开发过程为例,阐述斯图加特汽车工程与车辆发动机研究所（FKFS）和斯图加特大学汽车工程学院（IFS）的研究工作。在单缸乘用车发动机试验台上研究氢气高压直喷特性（FVV项目）,目标是实现氢气发动机在当量混合条件下稳定运行,从而以较低的增压需求输出较大功率。当发动机在高负荷条件下工作时,当量混合比更容易导致爆震现象。为了防止末端气体发生预反应,喷射氢气将在点火上止点（TDCF）前不久开始,随后由火花塞点燃。喷射持续时间以及喷射的最大质量流量都将在不同程度上影响燃烧的持续时间。此外,本研究还探讨了氢气燃烧过程中所存在的问题,如较高的氮氧化合物排放量,以及未燃氢气进入排气系统等。     

Autoregressive-asymmetric moving average models for business cycle data

Much business cycle research is based on an assumption of symmetric cycles, though it is frequently argued that the downturns are steeper and more short-lived than the upturns; implying cyclical asymmetries. A new class of nonlinear autoregressive-asymmetric moving average models is introduced. These models are able to deal with symmetric as well as asymmetric phenomena. A likelihood estimation procedure and a Wald test statistic for symmetry are presented. Evidence of asymmetry is found in US real GNP growth rates.     

dNTP pools imbalance as a signal to initiate apoptosis

Fidelity in DNA synthesis and repair is largely dependent on a balanced supply of deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) pools. Results from different groups have shown that alterations in dNTP supply result in DNA fragmentation and cell death with characteristics of apoptosis. We have recently shown that in apoptosis driven by deprivation of interleukin-3 (IL-3) in a murine hemopoietic cell line, there is a rapid imbalance in the availability of dNTP that precedes DNA fragmentation. In these cells, dNTP pool balance is closely coupled to the function of the salvage pathway of dNTP synthesis. Apoptosis, induced by treatment of these cells with drugs that inhibit the de novo dNTP synthesis, is prevented when dNTP precursors are supplied through the salvage pathway. IL-3 regulates thymidine kinase activity, suggesting that alterations in dNTP metabolism after IL-3 deprivation could be a relevant event in the commitment of hemopoietic cells to apoptosis.     

Growth hormone release after hepatectomy

Resumen El plasma de ratones hepatectomizados, recogido a la medianoche del segundo día de la regeneración, estimula, al igual que la hormona de crecimiento pura, la síntesis de ADN de los hepatocitos y células litorales del hígado del ratón adulto intacto. Este efecto no se observa con el plasma de ratones intactos sacrificados a medianoche ni con solución fisiológica. Se sugiere que el factor estimulante del plasma de ratones hepatectomizados en hormona de crecimiento.

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This research was made with the financial assistance of grants from the Comisión de Investigación Cientifica de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata and the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina. Thanks are due to the members of the technical staff of the Institute for their technical assistance.     

The effect of anoxia and of muscle activity on the lymphatic and venous transport of lactate dehydrogenase

Zusammenfassung Nach 3 1/2 stündiger Muskelischämie wurde bei Hunden mit Ductus thoracicus-Fistel eine signifikante Zunahme der Milchsäuredehydrogenase-Aktivität im Blutserum und in der Lymphe der anoxischen Extremität bei gleichzeitiger signifikanter arterovenöser Aktivitätsdifferenz beobachtet. Auch Muskelarbeit verursachte eine Erhöhung der Enzymaktivität im Serum und in der Lymphe. Durch Unterbrechen der Verbindung zwischen Venen und Lymphsystem konnte das direkte Eindringen des Enzymproteins in die Blutkapillaren bewiesen werden.     

Some meiotic consequences of ethyl methane sulphonate and the interaction of copper or zinc

Résumé Des semences sèches d'orge ont été traitées respectivement par des solutions d'EMS et d'EMS additionnées de sulfate de cuivre ou de sulfate de zinc. Nous avons montré qu'il en résulte des aberrations chromosomiques en méïose au cours de la génération traitée (X1). L'adjonction aux solutions de l'un ou de l'autre sel n'a pas accru la quantité de lésions observées, mais a fortement modifié la proportion des différents types d'aberrations chromosomiques.