湘云鲤和湘江野鲤血液指标的比较

报道了２１尾湘云鲤与２４尾湘江野鲤血液中的红细胞数、白细胞数、血红蛋白值、红细胞脆性、比积、白细胞分类计数及各型血细胞大小（长径×短径）。比较了两种鱼上述值的差异,结果如下;湘云鲤的红细胞数、红细胞脆性、比积值显著低于湘江野鲤、白细胞数和血红蛋白无显著差异;两种鱼的白细胞分类计数均以淋巴细胞为主;各种血细胞大小都是湘云鲤显著大于湘江野鲤。     

Isethionate may not be an inert substitute for extracellular chloride in the central nervous system

Summary Replacement of extracellular chloride with isethionate or methylsulphate causes an increased efflux of 1-[¹⁴C]-GABA from the in vivo superfused rat cuneate nucleus. This raises the question of the suitability of these anions as inert substitutes for chloride in studies on the ionic dependency of membrane phenomena in the central nervous system.Supported in part by a grant from the Medical Endowment Funds of the University of Aberdeen.N. B. supported by grants from CAPES and FAPESP, Brazil, J. A. A. supported by grants from CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil.     

Development of a hybrid scaffold and a bioreactor for cartilage regeneration

We developed a hybrid scaffold and a bioreactor for cartilage regeneration. The hybrid scaffold was developed as combination of two components： a biodegradable framework and hydrogel-containing chondrocytes. We performed the MTT cell proliferation assay to compare the proliferation and viability of chondrocytes on three types of scaffolds： an aiginate gel, the hybrid scaffold, and an alginate sponge. Cells were encapsulated in 2% agarose gel. The bioreactor consisted of a circulation system and a compression system. We performed dynamic cell culture on these agarose gels in the bioreactor for 3 days.     

Autophagy: molecular mechanisms,physiological functions and relevance in human pathology

Autophagy is a degradative mechanism mainly involved in the recycling and turnover of cytoplasmic constituents from eukaryotic cells. Over the last years, yeast genetic screens have considerably increased our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of autophagy, and a number of genes involved in fundamental steps of the autophagic pathway have been identified. Most of these autophagy genes are present in higher eukaryotes indicating that this process has been evolutionarily conserved. In yeast, autophagy is mainly involved in adaptation to starvation, but in multicellular organisms this route has emerged as a multifunctional pathway involved in a variety of additional processes such as programmed cell death, removal of damaged organelles and development of different tissue-specific functions. Furthermore, autophagy is associated with a growing number of pathological conditions, including cancer, myopathies and neurodegenerative disorders. The physiological and pathological roles of autophagy, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying this multifunctional pathway, are discussed in this review.Received 12 January 2004; received after revision 29 January 2004; accepted 4 February 2004     

我国企业应对跨国公司冲击的战略思考

国外跨国公司的进入不仅有助于打开中国市场，而且对中国的市场及企业的发展形成了巨大的冲击。因此，中国企业只有做出积极的战略决策，才能在激烈的国内外市场竞争中得到可持续发展。     

太原市城市水需求预测探讨

简述了城市水需求预测的目的、一般方法及其在城市规划建设中的重要性，通过对太原市城市水需求预测的研究，结合太原市城市现状和未来发展，提出并分析了影响城市水需求预测的主要因素。     

Lipid packing sensed by ArfGAP1 couples COPI coat disassembly to membrane bilayer curvature

Protein coats deform flat lipid membranes into buds and capture membrane proteins to form transport vesicles. The assembly/disassembly cycle of the COPI coat on Golgi membranes is coupled to the GTP/GDP cycle of the small G protein Arf1. At the heart of this coupling is the specific interaction of membrane-bound Arf1-GTP with coatomer, a complex of seven proteins that forms the building unit of the COPI coat. Although COPI coat disassembly requires the catalysis of GTP hydrolysis in Arf1 by a specific GTPase-activating protein (ArfGAP1), the precise timing of this reaction during COPI vesicle formation is not known. Using time-resolved assays for COPI dynamics on liposomes of controlled size, we show that the rate of ArfGAP1-catalysed GTP hydrolysis in Arf1 and the rate of COPI disassembly increase over two orders of magnitude as the curvature of the lipid bilayer increases and approaches that of a typical transport vesicle. This leads to a model for COPI dynamics in which GTP hydrolysis in Arf1 is organized temporally and spatially according to the changes in lipid packing induced by the coat.