The ELF3 zeitnehmer regulates light signalling to the circadian clock

The circadian system regulates 24-hour biological rhythms and seasonal rhythms, such as flowering. Long-day flowering plants like Arabidopsis thaliana, measure day length with a rhythm that is not reset at lights-off, whereas short-day plants measure night length on the basis of circadian rhythm of light sensitivity that is set from dusk, early flowering 3 (elf3) mutants of Arabidopsis are aphotoperiodic and exhibit light-conditional arrhythmias. Here we show that the elf3-7 mutant retains oscillator function in the light but blunts circadian gating of CAB gene activation, indicating that deregulated phototransduction may mask rhythmicity. Furthermore, elf3 mutations confer the resetting pattern of short-day photoperiodism, indicating that gating of phototransduction may control resetting. Temperature entrainment can bypass the requirement for normal ELF3 function for the oscillator and partially restore rhythmic CAB expression. Therefore, ELF3 specifically affects light input to the oscillator, similar to its function in gating CAB activation, allowing oscillator progression past a light-sensitive phase in the subjective evening. ELF3 provides experimental demonstration of the zeitnehmer ('time-taker') concept.     

Inactivation of the apoptosis effector Apaf-1 in malignant melanoma

Metastatic melanoma is a deadly cancer that fails to respond to conventional chemotherapy and is poorly understood at the molecular level. p53 mutations often occur in aggressive and chemoresistant cancers but are rarely observed in melanoma. Here we show that metastatic melanomas often lose Apaf-1, a cell-death effector that acts with cytochrome c and caspase-9 to mediate p53-dependent apoptosis. Loss of Apaf-1 expression is accompanied by allelic loss in metastatic melanomas, but can be recovered in melanoma cell lines by treatment with the methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5aza2dC). Apaf-1-negative melanomas are invariably chemoresistant and are unable to execute a typical apoptotic programme in response to p53 activation. Restoring physiological levels of Apaf-1 through gene transfer or 5aza2dC treatment markedly enhances chemosensitivity and rescues the apoptotic defects associated with Apaf-1 loss. We conclude that Apaf-1 is inactivated in metastatic melanomas, which leads to defects in the execution of apoptotic cell death. Apaf-1 loss may contribute to the low frequency of p53 mutations observed in this highly chemoresistant tumour type.     

带哨嘴喷嘴射流流场的离散涡模拟

采用离散涡方法模拟了两种不同形状哨嘴的喷嘴出口流场旋涡结构和压力分布。模拟结果表明 ,射流在喷嘴出口和哨嘴出口形成的旋涡结构在流场及其他涡元的作用下 ,向下游运动 ,在流场中某个地方形成低压区 ,这有助于诱发空化现象。对两种不同喷嘴的出口流场进行比较发现 ,哨嘴形状对形成的射流流场的旋涡结构有很大影响。因此 ,研究和应用空化射流必须考虑喷嘴出口哨嘴形状的影响     

Dynamic Analysis of Cable Roofs Under Transient Wind:A Comparison Between Time Domain and Frequency Domain Approaches

At present, high-speed computing capabilities and advanced nonlinear dynamic finite element procedures enable detailed dynamic analysis of cable structures. Although deterministic approaches require considerable analysis time and effort in relation to modeling, running, and data processing, they seem to be the only alternative to obtain high accuracy. Detailed dynamic analysis of cable roof networks is sophisticated and requires advanced modeling expertise. This paper presents a comparison between detailed nonlinear dynamic analysis and a simplified frequency domain approach to estimate the maximum probable response of weakly nonlinear cable roofs. The approach can be considered as alternative to detailed time-domain analysis in the preliminary design phase, or can be used to validate results obtained from more elaborated numerical models. The proposed method is illustrated with two examples of cable net roofs that were also analysed in the time domain.     

基于直线扫描的FDM支撑自动生成算法

简述了FDM快速成型工艺的原理,提出了一种基于直线扫描的支撑自动生成算法,实现了扫描线段的并、差运算,在此基础上实现了加工路径分区、优化,定义了特定的ZIF文件格式,解决了大量加工数据的动态存储问题。实验表明,该算法求支撑的速度快,且无遗漏的地方。     

The p53 tumour suppressor gene

The cell cycle is composed of a series of steps which can be negatively or positively regulated by various factors. Chief among the negative regulators is the p53 protein. Alteration or inactivation of p53 by mutation, or by its interactions with oncogene products of DNA tumour viruses, can lead to cancer. These mutations seem to be the most common genetic change in human cancers.     

多尺度自适应加权形态边缘检测方法

针对常用的多尺度边缘检测方法因卷积运算造成模糊图像边缘，提出一种多尺度自适应加权形态边缘检测方法，利用大小不同的结构元素提取图像边缘特征，在大尺度下抑制噪声，可靠地识别边缘，在小尺度下定位，再由粗到细跟踪边缘，得到边缘的位置，再由各尺度结构元的抗噪性确定加权值的大小，然后加权处理得到最后的边缘结果，实验表明，用多尺度自适应加权形态边缘检测算法可得到较理想的图像边缘。     

1,1-二甲基肼还原Np(V)的动力学研究

采用分光光度法,对硝酸体系中1,1-二甲基肼还原Np(Ⅴ)的动力学进行了研究,求出了反应的动力学方程.实验结果表明:提高1,1-二甲基肼浓度、增加酸度、升高温度均有利于加快反应速率,离子强度对反应速率的影响很小.     

Wavelet fractal character of overlapping signal

A new method based on the combining of the wavelet theory with the fractal theory and named wavelet fractal peak position method (WFPPM) is introduced to extract the number of the components and the relevant peak positions from overlapping signals in chemistry .The overlapping signal is first transformed into continuous wavelet transform value of time domain in certain dilation range via continuous wavelet transform (CWT),and then changed into capacity dimensions (Dc),The number of the components and the relevant positions of overlapping peaks can be identified easily according to the change of Dc.An investigation concerning the influence of different dilation ranges on the peak positions extracted by WFPPM is also provided .Studies show that the WFPPM is an efficient tool for extracting the peak positions and identifying the number of peaks from unresoloved signals,even when this kind of overlapping is significantly serious,Relative errors of lless than 1.0% in peak positions are found when WFPPM is used in the processing of the cadmium (Ⅱ)-indium(Ⅲ) mixture system .The analytical results demonstrate that the desired peak positions can be extracted conveniently ,accurately and rapidly from an unresoled signal via WFPPM,Tremendous developing and applications based on currently reported WFPPM in extracting overlapping signals would be expected in the near future.