Ethanol as a ‘food’ forDrosophila melanogaster: Influence of theEbony gene

Summary The survival time of adultDrosophila melanogaster flies without food is greater in the presence of ethanol, especially for flies of strains or lines with a higher alcohol dehydrogenase activity. It seems that theebony gene can act in some populations as a selective factor favoring the ADH^F allele, as well as the minor genes enhancing the alcohol dehydrogenase activity level.Chargé de Recherches au F. N. R. S.     

Activity of orotate metabolizing enzyme complex and various urea-cycle enzymes in mutant mice with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency

Summary The overall activity of the enzyme complex consisting of orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase, and of various enzymes of the urea cycle, has been studied in sparse-fur (spf) mutant mice with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. The enzyme complex has a lower overall activity, which could be caused by disturbed pyrimidine metabolism due to hyperammonemia. Other enzymes of the urea cycle do not show any significant change.Acknowledgments. The research was supported by a grant from the Conseil des Clubs Sociaux and Fondation Justine Lacoste Beaubien, Montréal. The authors wish to thank Ms Louise Poulin and Ms Francine Poisson for technical assistance.     

Smooth muscle cells in ‘venous patches’ grafted into the rat common carotid artery. A structural study

Summary In the 2nd week after surgery, well differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMC) were evident in the walls of venous patches in rat common carotid artery. Gap junctions were the only type of intercellular junction observed between SMC in the present study.In memoriam to Prof. J. Cabré Piera.Acknowledgment. The LKB IV ultramicrotome was purchased with a grant from the Banco Urquijo, Madrid (Spain). Authors are also grate to M. Guerricabeitia for technical assistance.     

A glycoprotein: galactosyltransferase activity in the ascitic fluid and serum of mice with the YC8 tumor]

Tranfer of (14C)-gal from exogenous UDP(14C)-gal has been demonstrated with ovomucoid as glycoprotein acceptor in ascitic fluid sera from Balb/c mice bearing isogenic YC8 tumor. Transfer exists without ovomucoid, in great ratio in ascitic fluid and in sera from ascitic mice too, showing occurrence of endogenous acceptors, the origin of which has to be proved.     

Maternal and fetal corticosteroids in the sow at the end of gestation]

Foetal and maternal blood samples are taken on the sow at the end of pregnancy. No variations in maternal cortisol are found, but plasma cortisol levels in the foetus, which are relatively constant between days 70 and 100 of pregnancy (10 to 20 ng/ml), increase suddenly at the end of pregnancy reaching a mean of 210 ng/ml at birth. This high increase of foetal corticosteroids at birth, similar to that found in other species (ewe, goat, etc.), probably plays a role in the mechanisms releasing parturition. It also permits us to understand the action of ACTH which induces premature birth when given to the pig foetus in the last days of pregnancy.     

Role of the Raphe Magnus nucleus in morphine analgesia : studies with intracerebral microinjections in the rat]

Microinjections of low concentration of morphine (5 micrograms) into the nucleus Raphé Magnus of the Rat produce a strong analgesia that can be reversed by systemic naloxone, an opiate antagonist. The administration of naloxone (5 micrograms) into the Raphé Magnus considerably reduces the effects of intravenous morphine. The effects of microinjections of morphine are strongly reduced by Cinanserin, suggesting a role for serotoninergic mechanisms in morphine analgesia.