Effect of cold acclimatization on the succinic dehydrogenase activity in the liver and brain tissues of mice

Résumé L'activité du déshydrogénase succinique dans le foie des souris mâles adultes acclimatisés pendant 7–12 jours à + 5°C est augmentée de 72%. L'activité du même enzyme dans le cerveau n'est pas altérée par cette acclimatisation au froid.     

Default Priors for Neural Network Classification

Feedforward neural networks are a popular tool for classification, offering a method for fully flexible modeling. This paper looks at the underlying probability model, so as to understand statistically what is going on in order to facilitate an intelligent choice of prior for a fully Bayesian analysis. The parameters turn out to be difficult or impossible to interpret, and yet a coherent prior requires a quantification of this inherent uncertainty. Several approaches are discussed, including flat priors, Jeffreys priors and reference priors.     

The synthesis of corticosteroids methylated at C21

Zusammenfassung Die Darstellung der beiden epimeren C₂₁-Methylderivate des 9-Fluorprednisolons wird beschrieben. 9-Fluor-21-methyl-1, 4-pregnadien-11, 17, 21B-triol-3, 20-dion-21-azetat ist ein hochwirksames entzündungshemmendes Steroid, vollkommen frei von Nebenwirkungen der Natrium- und Wasserretention des C₂₁-unsubstituierten 9-Fluorprednisolons.     

异源表达一个大豆Na+/H+逆向转运蛋白基因GmNHX2提高拟南芥的耐盐性

Na⁺/H⁺逆向转运蛋白调节细胞内的离子内平衡, 在植物耐盐性起重要的作用. 本研究克隆一个大豆Na⁺/H⁺逆向转运蛋白的同源基因GmNHX2, 编码一条长534氨基酸的多肽并预测有10个可能的跨膜结构域. GmNHX2在大豆的根、茎和叶中表达, 但在根中的丰度最高, 受NaCl和PEG (polyethylene glycol)处理的诱导表达. GmNHX2与LeNHX2和AtNHX2的序列相似性高于AtNHX1和AtSOS1. 尽管系统发育分析将GmNHX2与细胞器(液泡和囊泡)逆向转运蛋白聚成一类, 但亚细胞定位的结果表明GmNHX2-EGFP (enhanced green flurescent protein)融合蛋白可能位于植物细胞的质膜或细胞器膜上. 与野生型植株相比, 异源表达GmNHX2的拟南芥植株在萌发和幼苗期都更加耐高浓度的NaCl. 这些结果暗示, GmNHX2是一个Na+/H+逆向转运蛋白同源物, 可能在盐胁迫下执行调节离子内平衡的功能.     

CD4+ and CD8+ T cells acquire specific lymphokine secretion potentials during thymic maturation.

Peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes carry out different functions during immune reactions, partly as a result of the distinct patterns of lymphokines that they secrete upon stimulation. Using thymic cells from adult and newborn mice as well as from fetal organ cultures, we show here that this functional differentiation occurs inside the thymus and is completed during the single positive stage by the time the T-cell receptor becomes fully coupled to the intracellular activation pathways leading to lymphokine secretion. Surprisingly, CD4+8- thymocytes differ from their immediate progeny, naive peripheral CD4+ cells, in that they secrete a broader range of lymphokines, including interleukins 4, 5 and 10 and gamma-interferon, and more closely resemble immunologically experienced (activated or memory) CD4+ lymphocytes.