Study on the Environmental Quality Guarantee Ratio on the Basis of Total Air Pollutant Emission Amount Control

The hourly and daily air quality concentration in the total air pollutant emission amount control zone is not sure to be continuously up to national ambient air quality standard, even though the total annual air pollutant emission is permitted under the total air pollutant emission amount control (TAPEAC) on the basis of A-value method. So the concept of the environmental quality guarantee ratio (EQGR) for TAPEAC is advanced in this paper and its quantitative formula is figured out for both hourly and daily EQGR. It is concluded that the EQGR is related with the yearly arrangement of A-value besides the pollutant type. According to the meteorological data in a lower area along Yangtze River in 2000, the yearly A-value trend is analyzed. Based on the data, the hourly EQGR of SO2 and NO2 is respectively 97.4% and 90.2%, and daily EQGR respectively 90.2% and 79.5%.     

Wear Debris Identification Using Feature Extraction and Neural Network

IntroductionDuringtheoperationofmachinery ,weardebrisareproducedasaresultofcontactbetweenmovingsurfaces.Thecharacteristicsofweardebris (whichincludeshape ,size,concentration ,surface ,color ,etc .) provideimportantinformationabouttheconditionofmachinery ,in particularthestateofwear .However,thecurrenttechniquesforweardebrisanalysisareusuallytime consumingandcostlyduetotherequirementofanalyst sexpertiseto perform particleinspection ,morphologycharacterizationanddatainterpretation .Thus ,manytec…     

Designing the Instrument Crank-Coupler Mechanism of Linear Output with Least Transmission Ratio Error

IntroductionThecrank couplermechanismwithitsfollowertakinganapproximatelineardisplacement (viz .uniformmotion)iswidelyappliedin precisioninstrumentsandmeters.InthefirstpartamplificationmechanismofanaviationheightmeterasshowninFig .5 ,thedisplacementofasensiblediaphragmbox 1(slider)isrequiredtobeconvertedlinearlyintotheangulardisplacementofasectorgear 3rigidlyconnectedwithaswingbar (orcrank)AB .Anotherexampleisaguide barmechanismofautomaticrecorderasshowninFig .6 .WhenthecrankABrotates ,thep…     

Modeling and Simulation of Truck Engine Cooling System for Onboard Diagnosis

IntroductionFormanyyears ,coolingsystemdesignwasonlycon cernedwithprovidingsufficientcoolingatmaximumengineoutputconditionsandattheworstvehicleoperatingcondi tions (lowvehiclespeedandhighambienttemperature) .Thisapproachresultsinwasteoffuel.Withthedemandsofimprovingfueleconomy ,prolongingenginelifeandre ducingemission ,greatercontrolofengineperformanceisnecessarysinceoptimalengine performancecannotbemaintainedwhenovercoolingoccurs .Inordertocontrolandoptimizetruckenginecoolingsys tem ,amathema…     

Research on the Arc Interpolation for the Nonstandard Section Curve of the Piston

IntroductionPistonisanimportantpartoftheautomobilemotor .Nowitscommonlyused profileisthemiddle convexandvaryingellipseprofile[1] .Thiscomplexprofileleadstodif ficultiesinmachining ,soithasbeenaresearchproblemforscholarsallovertheworld .Heretheinterpolationofthetransversesectioncurveisdiscussed .Whenweaccuratelyfinishcurvecontours,itisnecessarytogenerateatoolpathbysomeinterpolationmethod .Atpresent,thefunctionofthelinearorthecirculararcinterpolationinNCmachineisgenerallyusedforthispurpose[2 ]…     

Wear Debris Analysis： Fundamental Principle of Wear-Graphy

A new wear-graphy technology was developed, which can simultaneously identify the shape and composition of wear debris, for both metals and non-metals. The fundamental principles of the wear-graphy system and its wear-gram system are discussed here. A method was developed to distribute wear debris on a slide uniformly to reduce overlapping of wear debris while smearing. The composition identification analyzes the wear debris using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy spectrum, infrared-thermal imaging and X-ray imaging technology. A wear debris analysis system based on database techniques is demonstrated, and a visible digitized wear-gram is acquired based on the information of wear debris with image collection and processing of the wear debris. The method gives the morphological characteristics of the wear debris, material composition identification of the wear debris, intelligent recognition of the wear debris,and storage and management of wear debris information.     

基于神经网络的带钢表面孔洞检测系统研究

简要介绍了带钢表面孔洞实时检测中的图像处理系统 ,提出了一种应用边缘检测和聚类分析的图像分割算法对带钢表面孔洞进行准确快速的分割 ,同时采用改进的BP神经网络分类器对孔洞进行分类与识别 ,实验结果表明 ,该带钢表面孔洞实时检测系统具有较高的精度和较快的速度 .     

注超临界气体井筒温度压力场计算方法

根据传热学、热力学和垂直管流理论 ,建立了注超临界气体井筒温度压力分布的数学模型 ,提出了节点解析法、数值差分法以及焓插值法 3种求解方法。对辽河油田静 35块高凝油注不同介质现场效果进行的对比计算结果表明 ,在 0～ 6 0 0m井深时 ,井筒温降很大 ,随井深的增加 ,温降逐渐变小 ,温度趋于稳定 ;压力随井深的增加逐渐变为线性增加。利用节点解析法和焓插值法计算均能得到满意结果 ,其中解析法结果最为准确 ,而用数值差分法求得的温度偏高、压力偏低     

用流线方法模拟碱/表面活性剂/聚合物三元复合驱

建立了实用的碱 /表面活性剂 /聚合物三元复合驱数学模型 ,在力求模型简化的同时 ,较为全面地考虑了驱替过程的主要渗流机理 (如界面张力变化、粘度变化、吸附等 )。模型忽略了微乳相的形成 ,适用于低 pH值三元复合驱体系。用流线方法求解该模型 ,在结合边界元方法确定复杂边界条件下稳态渗流场流线分布的基础上 ,对流管内的一维渗流问题求解。应用显式全变差递减 (TVD)法求解饱和度方程 ;求解浓度方程过程中 ,采用Crank Nicolson差分格式进行空间项离散 ,对时间项变量进行了拟线性处理 ,保证了计算的稳定性。新建模型具有输入参数较少、计算快捷的优点 ,并适用于任意形状边界条件下各种井网配置的复合驱驱替动态计算问题。与化学驱软件UTCHEM的计算结果对比 ,证实该模型计算结果可靠、计算速度快、稳定性强 ,具有较强的实用性     

一种改进的特征面积和特征能量计算方法及其应用

特征面积、特征能量算法是时域分析方法中识别信号局部突变的有效手段 ,但传统算法在用于含有低频或直流干扰信号的场合时具有局限性。分析了无缝钢管在线漏磁检测原理 ,对钢管缺陷识别技术中的特征面积、特征能量算法进行了改进 ,提出了新的算法。结果表明 ,利用改进后的算法对有缺陷区域的特征面积、特征能量进行计算的结果与无缺陷区域的计算结果差别明显 ,二者之比有大幅度提高。有外伤与无伤特征面积之比值大于 2 8,特征能量之比值大于 90 0 ,有内伤与无伤特征面积之比值大于 10 ,特征能量之比值大于 90。以此特征面积和特征能量作为特征量识别钢管缺陷及判断内、外伤的类型 ,效果良好。该方法容易实现 ,适于生产过程中进行实时监测