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Dong PD Munson CA Norton W Crosnier C Pan X Gong Z Neumann CJ Stainier DY 《Nature genetics》2007,39(3):397-402
During organogenesis, the foregut endoderm gives rise to the many different cell types that comprise the hepatopancreatic system, including hepatic, pancreatic and gallbladder cells, as well as the epithelial cells of the hepatopancreatic ductal system that connects these organs together and with the intestine. However, the mechanisms responsible for demarcating ducts versus organs are poorly understood. Here, we show that Fgf10 signaling from the adjacent mesenchyme is responsible for refining the boundaries between the hepatopancreatic duct and organs. In zebrafish fgf10 mutants, the hepatopancreatic ductal epithelium is severely dysmorphic, and cells of the hepatopancreatic ductal system and adjacent intestine misdifferentiate toward hepatic and pancreatic fates. Furthermore, Fgf10 also functions to prevent the differentiation of the proximal pancreas and liver into hepatic and pancreatic cells, respectively. These data shed light onto how the multipotent cells of the foregut endoderm, and subsequently those of the hepatopancreatic duct, are directed toward different organ fates. 相似文献
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Stoetzel C Laurier V Davis EE Muller J Rix S Badano JL Leitch CC Salem N Chouery E Corbani S Jalk N Vicaire S Sarda P Hamel C Lacombe D Holder M Odent S Holder S Brooks AS Elcioglu NH Silva ED Da Silva E Rossillion B Sigaudy S de Ravel TJ Lewis RA Leheup B Verloes A Amati-Bonneau P Mégarbané A Poch O Bonneau D Beales PL Mandel JL Katsanis N Dollfus H 《Nature genetics》2006,38(5):521-524
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy. Although nine BBS genes have been cloned, they explain only 40-50% of the total mutational load. Here we report a major new BBS locus, BBS10, that encodes a previously unknown, rapidly evolving vertebrate-specific chaperonin-like protein. We found BBS10 to be mutated in about 20% of an unselected cohort of families of various ethnic origins, including some families with mutations in other BBS genes, consistent with oligogenic inheritance. In zebrafish, mild suppression of bbs10 exacerbated the phenotypes of other bbs morphants. 相似文献
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Irregular tropical glacier retreat over the Holocene epoch driven by progressive warming 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jomelli V Khodri M Favier V Brunstein D Ledru MP Wagnon P Blard PH Sicart JE Braucher R Grancher D Bourlès DL Braconnot P Vuille M 《Nature》2011,474(7350):196-199
The causes and timing of tropical glacier fluctuations during the Holocene epoch (10,000 years ago to present) are poorly understood. Yet constraining their sensitivity to changes in climate is important, as these glaciers are both sensitive indicators of climate change and serve as water reservoirs for highland regions. Studies have so far documented extra-tropical glacier fluctuations, but in the tropics, glacier-climate relationships are insufficiently understood. Here we present a (10)Be chronology for the past 11,000?years (11?kyr), using 57 moraines from the Bolivian Telata glacier (in the Cordillera Real mountain range). This chronology indicates that Telata glacier retreated irregularly. A rapid and strong melting from the maximum extent occurred from 10.8?±?0.9 to 8.5?±?0.4?kyr ago, followed by a slower retreat until the Little Ice Age, about 200 years ago. A dramatic increase in the rate of retreat occurred over the twentieth century. A glacier-climate model indicates that, relative to modern climate, annual mean temperature for the Telata glacier region was -3.3?±?0.8 °C cooler at 11?kyr ago and remained -2.1?±?0.8 °C cooler until the end of the Little Ice Age. We suggest that long-term warming of the eastern tropical Pacific and increased atmospheric temperature in response to enhanced austral summer insolation were the main drivers for the long-term Holocene retreat of glaciers in the southern tropics. 相似文献
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高压下MgO-ZnO-SiO2体系的亚固相相关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在1.0GPa和1200℃条件下,利用活塞圆筒高压装置实验确定了MgO-ZnO-SiO2体系的亚固相相关系,结果显示该体系具有不同于其他类似的三元体系的相组合特征,无法形成Mg2SiO4-Zn2SiO4橄榄石和Mg2SiO6-Zn2Si2O6辉石续固溶体,这种相组合特征是由Zn^2+具有(Ar)3d^10外层电子结构,不同于其他过渡金属离子,如Fe^2+,Ni^2+和Co^2+的性质所制约。 相似文献
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Summary The experimental realization of chimerical embryos (Martin's
13 technic) permits a quantitative appreciation of the modalities of the colonization of quail gonads by chick germ cells. Results clearly show that nature and origin of the somatic part of the gonad areas settle the characters of the genital ridges populating, and specially the specific index of asymmetry expressed by the percentage of PGC colonizing the right gonad. 相似文献
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Assessment of volumetric bone mineral density of the femoral neck in postmenopausal women with and without vertebral fractures using quantitative multi-slice CT 下载免费PDF全文
Sheng-yong Wu Hui-hui Jia Didier Hans Jing Lan Li-ying Wang Jing-xue Li Yue-zeng Cai 《浙江大学学报(自然科学英文版)》2009,10(7):499-504
Objective: To demonstrate the validity and reliability of volumetric quantitative computed tomography (vQCT) with multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for hip bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, and to compare the differences between the two techniques in discriminating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis-related vertebral fractures from those without. Methods: Ninety subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups based on the BMD values of the lumbar spine and/or the femoral neck by DXA. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of postmenopausal women with BMD changes <−2SD, with and without radiographically confirmed vertebral fracture (n=11 and 33, respectively). Group 3 comprised normal controls with BMD changes ≥−1SD (n=46). Post-MSCT (GE, LightSpeed16) scan reconstructed images of the abdominal-pelvic region, 1.25 mm thick per slice, were processed by OsteoCAD software to calculate the following parameters: volumetric BMD values of trabecular bone (TRAB), cortical bone (CORT), and integral bone (INTGL) of the left femoral neck, femoral neck axis length (NAL), and minimum cross-section area (mCSA). DXA BMD measurements of the lumbar spine (AP-SPINE) and the left femoral neck (NECK) also were performed for each subject. Results: The values of all seven parameters were significantly lower in subjects of Groups 1 and 2 than in normal postmenopausal women (P<0.05, respectively). Comparing Groups 1 and 2, 3D-TRAB and 3D-INTGL were significantly lower in postmenopausal women with vertebral fracture(s) [(109.8±9.61) and (243.3±33.0) mg/cm3, respectively] than in those without [(148.9±7.47) and (285.4±17.8) mg/cm3, respectively] (P<0.05, respectively), but no significant differences were evident in AP-SPINE or NECK BMD. Conclusion: the femoral neck-derived volumetric BMD parameters using vQCT appeared better than the DXA-derived ones in discriminating osteoporotic postmenopausal women with vertebral fractures from those without. vQCT might be useful to evaluate the effect of osteoporotic vertebral fracture status on changes in bone mass in the femoral neck. 相似文献