甘蔗提取物的抗氧化性能

膳食中的抗氧化剂有助于保护人体组织和细胞免受自由基的危害.目前,已有多种天然提取物制剂被用作膳食补充剂.文中比较了美国零售市场中4种甘蔗制品和1种玉米浆制品的组成和抗氧化能力,发现5种制品的抗氧化能力均与颜色密切相关.通过分析经不同澄清工艺并经真空浓缩的两种甘蔗汁的抗氧化能力,发现石灰澄清和纯碱澄清均不会造成抗氧化能力的显著降低.文中还对不同方法脱色后制品的抗氧化能力进行了比较.     

Computational stability of the forced dissipative nonlinear atmospheric equations

A new concept of computational quasi-stability (CQS) is introduced to study the computational stability (CS) of the forced dissipative nonlinear (FDN) evolution equations. Based on the concept, the CQS criterion of difference scheme of FDN atmospheric equations is obtained. So it provides the theoretical basis for designing the computational stable difference scheme of FDN atmospheric equations.     

Forming proper ensemble forecast initial members with four-dimensional variational data assimilation method

A method has been presented to improve ensemble forecast by utilizing these initial members generated by four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4-D VDA), to conquer limitation of those initial members generated by Monte Carlo forecast (MCF) or lagged average forecast (LAF). This method possesses significant statistical characteristic of MCF, and by virtue of LAP that contains multi-time information and its initial members are harmonic with the dynamic model, six groups of numerical control and contrast experiments were performed with T42 spectral 4-D VDA system. The results show that in dekad range ensemble forecast with initial members generated by this method is prior to that by LAP. The anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) of 500 hPa height in 10-d average by employing this method is 0.01-0.04 larger than by LAP, and root mean square error (RMSE) less than 0.2-0.4 dagpm.     

湿热-疲劳作用下水性环氧树脂桥梁混凝土裂缝演化

为探索湿热地区桥面板混凝土裂缝结构的演化规律,设计了湿热-疲劳耦合加载试验,借助扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)和Image-Pro Plus软件,分析了荷载单因素及湿热-疲劳耦合作用下桥面板混凝土裂缝结构参数的变化规律,揭示了混凝土细观裂缝的演化过程和水性环氧树脂混凝土的改性机理。结果表明：在荷载单场作用下,裂缝面积密度随作用次数单调增加,裂缝沿长度方向延伸和闭合交替变化,裂缝宽度则呈压缩和扩张交替变化;在湿热-疲劳耦合下,混凝土细观裂缝结构演化过程为压缩变形、扩展和贯通3个阶段。水性环氧树脂混凝土组裂缝面积密度、最大长度和宽度相比基准组分别降低了23.44%、33.19%和26%,分形维数减小了0.017。水性环氧树脂在混凝土内部形成的柔性聚合物膜桥联于微裂缝之间,能有效抑制混凝土细观裂缝的延伸与扩展,提高桥面混凝土耐久性。     

The experiment of monthly mean circulation prediction using the analogy-dynamical model

Based on the past related research work, a new nalogy-dynamical monthly prediction model is established ith the operational dynamic extended-range forecast model 63L16 (hereafter T63) as a dynamic kernel. The monthly ean circulation prediction with T63 is considered as a control experiment, and the prediction with the analogy-dynamical model as a contrast one. It is found that the nalogy-dynamical model has more precise forecast skill han the T63 model through monthly mean numerical prediction experiment.     

Structure and mechanism of the M2 proton channel of influenza A virus

The integral membrane protein M2 of influenza virus forms pH-gated proton channels in the viral lipid envelope. The low pH of an endosome activates the M2 channel before haemagglutinin-mediated fusion. Conductance of protons acidifies the viral interior and thereby facilitates dissociation of the matrix protein from the viral nucleoproteins--a required process for unpacking of the viral genome. In addition to its role in release of viral nucleoproteins, M2 in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) membrane prevents premature conformational rearrangement of newly synthesized haemagglutinin during transport to the cell surface by equilibrating the pH of the TGN with that of the host cell cytoplasm. Inhibiting the proton conductance of M2 using the anti-viral drug amantadine or rimantadine inhibits viral replication. Here we present the structure of the tetrameric M2 channel in complex with rimantadine, determined by NMR. In the closed state, four tightly packed transmembrane helices define a narrow channel, in which a 'tryptophan gate' is locked by intermolecular interactions with aspartic acid. A carboxy-terminal, amphipathic helix oriented nearly perpendicular to the transmembrane helix forms an inward-facing base. Lowering the pH destabilizes the transmembrane helical packing and unlocks the gate, admitting water to conduct protons, whereas the C-terminal base remains intact, preventing dissociation of the tetramer. Rimantadine binds at four equivalent sites near the gate on the lipid-facing side of the channel and stabilizes the closed conformation of the pore. Drug-resistance mutations are predicted to counter the effect of drug binding by either increasing the hydrophilicity of the pore or weakening helix-helix packing, thus facilitating channel opening.     

核壳型丙烯酸聚氨酯乳液的固化与涂膜性能

制备了低交联度的核壳型丙烯酸聚氨酯乳液.采用双酚A型环氧树脂(E-44)和三羟甲基丙烷三(3-丙烯亚胺)丙酸酯(TMPTA-MAZ)作为乳液的固化剂,研究了核壳型丙烯酸聚氨酯乳液的固化与涂膜性能.研究表明:E-44和TMPTA-MAZ均可作为核壳型丙烯酸聚氨酯乳液的固化剂.两种不同类型的固化剂均能使乳液室温成膜,涂膜均一透明.TMPTA-MAZ比E-44更适合作为核壳型丙烯酸聚氨酯乳液的固化剂.当加入适量的固化剂时.涂膜的耐水、耐溶剂性以及力学性能都有很大程度的提高.     

Gigaxonin-controlled degradation of MAP1B light chain is critical to neuronal survival

Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a devastating sensory and motor neuropathy caused by mutations in the GAN gene, which encodes the ubiquitously expressed protein gigaxonin. Cytopathological features of GAN include axonal degeneration, with accumulation and aggregation of cytoskeletal components. Little is currently known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this recessive disorder. Here we show that gigaxonin controls protein degradation, and is essential for neuronal function and survival. We present evidence that gigaxonin binds to the ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 through its amino-terminal BTB domain, while the carboxy-terminal kelch repeat domain interacts directly with the light chain (LC) of microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B). Overexpression of gigaxonin leads to enhanced degradation of MAP1B-LC, which can be antagonized by proteasome inhibitors. Ablation of gigaxonin causes a substantial accumulation of MAP1B-LC in GAN-null neurons. Moreover, we show that overexpression of MAP1B in wild-type cortical neurons leads to cell death characteristic of GAN-null neurons, whereas reducing MAP1B levels significantly improves the survival rate of null neurons. Our results identify gigaxonin as a ubiquitin scaffolding protein that controls MAP1B-LC degradation, and provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying human neurodegenerative disorders.     

双—N(2-羟基乙基)β-雷锁醛亚胺合镍(Ⅱ)、铜(Ⅱ)的合成及其抗癌活性的研究

本文报导了双—N(2—羟基乙基)β—雷锁醛亚胺合镍(Ⅱ)和双—N(2—羟基乙基)β—雷锁醛亚胺合铜(Ⅱ)的合成,它们的组成已由元素分析和红外光谱所证实。抗癌活性试验表明,双—N(2—羟基乙基)β—雷锁醛亚胺合镍(Ⅱ)对肿瘤模型S_(180)(A)及艾氏腹水癌均有较好的抑制作用.     

最优化方法在废水处理研究中的应用

本文采用回归设计和电算机离线调优运算,对我国某大型铜矿含多种重金属离子废水的处理进行了研究。提出了“阶段中和沉淀—浮选分离”的处理废水新工艺。建立了氢氧化铜和石膏浮选分离的数学模型,并进行了计算机绘图。最终获得了符合国家排放标准的处理水,并逐一回收了有价金属化合物氢氧化铁、氢氧化铜和石膏产品。