水平管内环状流下两相强制对流蒸发的理论研究

分析了液膜内动力和换热特性,提出了一种环状流下的两相强制对流蒸发的６层速度分布模型,并利用比拟理论进行了分析和计算,预测其换热系数,通过与数据对比,结果表明预测值与实验数据有较好的一致性。     

大型河工模型智能化采集与控制系统

介绍了大型河工物理模型智能化采集与控制系统的开发要点,包括系统的功能、硬件设计、系统的采集与控制、软件设计以及开发工具等。运行情况证明,该系统在大型河工物理模型中应用具有可靠、高效、操作方便等特点。     

用户中继热线自动接续系统

提出以单片机为核心构成自动接续装置,检测程控交换机中继线路的直流状态和交流信号音,实现“热线电话”中继线路的自动接续．     

磁性超晶格的静磁能和磁相图的唯像理论研究

计算了包含不同自旋取向的单畴粒子具有短程交换相互作用能,各向异性能及长程偶极相互作用能的磁性超晶格的静磁能,利用能面图和局域能量极小模型得到了磁相图和磁滞回线,研究了有限尺寸和温度效应,计算结果较好解释了在超薄磁性薄膜中观察到的两种磁相（磁化强度平行和垂直于薄膜平面）的转变行为。     

桁架结构拓扑优化设计的模拟退火算法

研究了平面桁架结构拓扑优化设计的模拟退火算法．构造了一个双重控制Ｍｅｔｒｏｐｏｌｉｓ准则处理应力约束,提出了一个基于力平衡的启发式准则,以实现优化过程中单元的自动增删．算例表明,该方法能够克服桁架结构拓扑优化中因存在非凸星形可行域而造成的拓扑优化求解困难．     

一种子带适应的图象恢复最小二乘迭代算法

研究了基于子波变换的图象最小二乘恢复技术,提出了一种具有子带适应性的选代算法实验结果表明,采用该算法的恢复图象的质量和迭代收敛的速率均优于常规的空域解法．     

A massive phytoplankton bloom induced by an ecosystem-scale iron fertilization experiment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

The seeding of an expanse of surface waters in the equatorial Pacific Ocean with low concentrations of dissolved iron triggered a massive phytoplankton bloom which consumed large quantities of carbon dioxide and nitrate that these microscopic plants cannot fully utilize under natural conditions. These and other observations provide unequivocal support for the hypothesis that phytoplankton growth in this oceanic region is limited by iron bioavailability.     

Insect motion detectors matched to visual ecology

To detect motion, primates, birds and insects all use local detectors to correlate signals sampled at one location in the image with those sampled after a delay at adjacent locations. These detectors can adapt to high image velocities by shortening the delay. To investigate whether they use long delays for detecting low velocities, we compared motion-sensitive neurons in ten species of fast-flying insects, some of which encounter low velocities while hovering. Neurons of bee-flies and hawkmoths, which hover, are tuned to lower temporal frequencies than those of butterflies and bumblebees, which do not. Tuning to low frequencies indicates longer delays and extends sensitivity to lower velocities. Hoverflies retain fast temporal tuning but use their high spatial acuity for sensing low-velocity motion. Thus an unexpectedly wide range of spatio-temporal tuning matches motion detection to visual ecology.     

Nα-quinaldyl-L-arginine·HCl,a new defensive alkaloid fromSubcoccinella-24-punctata (Coleoptera,Coccinellidae)

The isolation of N-quinaldyl-L-arginine·HCl (1) from the CoccinellidaeSubcoccinella-24-punctata is reported. The structure, first established on the basis of the analysis of the spectral properties of1, has been confirmed by synthesis. The alkaloid is of endogenous origin and markedly deterrent to ants.     

Molecular evidence for increased hematopoietic proliferation in the spleen of the b/b laboratory rat

The splenomegaly and the appearance of a significant number of CFU-E (erythroid colony-forming units) and BFU-E¹ (erythroid burst-forming units) in the Belgrade laboratory rat (b/b) spleen prompted us to analyse further the molecular evidence for increased hematopoietic proliferation in the b/b spleen. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) specific for globins, proteins for iron transport and deposition and the band 3 protein were used in rat erythropoietic tissues as markers for proliferation and erythroid differentiation. In the b/b spleen, all mRNAs analysed display an erythroid-specific pattern of expression. This analysis also revealed an enhanced level of mRNA for ferritin in the +/b spleen, whereas erythrocyte-specific mRNA production was normal.