Purification and cloning of amyloid precursor protein beta-secretase from human brain

Proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) generates amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide, which is thought to be causal for the pathology and subsequent cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Cleavage by beta-secretase at the amino terminus of the Abeta peptide sequence, between residues 671 and 672 of APP, leads to the generation and extracellular release of beta-cleaved soluble APP, and a corresponding cell-associated carboxy-terminal fragment. Cleavage of the C-terminal fragment by gamma-secretase(s) leads to the formation of Abeta. The pathogenic mutation K670M671-->N670L671 at the beta-secretase cleavage site in APP, which was discovered in a Swedish family with familial Alzheimer's disease, leads to increased beta-secretase cleavage of the mutant substrate. Here we describe a membrane-bound enzyme activity that cleaves full-length APP at the beta-secretase cleavage site, and find it to be the predominant beta-cleavage activity in human brain. We have purified this enzyme activity to homogeneity from human brain using a new substrate analogue inhibitor of the enzyme activity, and show that the purified enzyme has all the properties predicted for beta-secretase. Cloning and expression of the enzyme reveals that human brain beta-secretase is a new membrane-bound aspartic proteinase.     

基于Web的虚拟数控系统的研究与开发

基于服务器／客户模式的的虚拟数控系统体系结构，讨论了虚拟数控系统的建模技术和基于VRML的实现方法，并指出虚拟数控机床的建模是虚拟数控加工过程仿真的实现关键．利用VRML语言、分布式对象技术和Java技术开发和建立了基于Web环境的虚拟数控系统原型。并对系统的开发平台进行了分析和介绍，同时给出了系统的运行实例．研究表明，所开发的系统是可行的和合理的．     

凸曲面平头立铣刀刀位轨迹的计算方法

采用球面刀在三坐标数控机床上加工具有凸曲面工位的零部件时，往往会导致几何形状误差，对此，运用点涉法原理，推导出在凸曲面上确定平头立铣刀五轴和三轴数控联动加工刀位轨迹的计算方法。     

Effects of aqueous media on microbial removal of sulfur from dibenzothiophene in the presence of hydrocarbons

The existence of sulfur in the petroleum would erode the transport lines and poison the chemical catalysts. In addition, it is the main cause of air pollution and the for-mation of acid rain. At present, hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is the commonly used technology for fuel desulfu-rization. HDS has the disadvantages of high cost of ma-nipulation and equipment investment. Furthermore, HDS is difficult to remove the sulfur from condensed thio-phenes such as dibenzothiophene (DBT). These forms…     

Calcium regulation of molluscan myosin ATPase in the absence of actin

In the myosin-linked regulatory mechanism typified by the molluscan scallop adductor muscle, contraction is controlled by Ca2+ binding to sites on the thick filament protein, myosin. The regulatory light chains of myosin heads are involved directly in this mechanism and early studies suggested that, in the absence of Ca2+, these subunits prevent the interaction of a myosin-adenosine nucleotide complex with the actin-containing thin filament. Subsequently, Ashiba et al. reported that the steady-state ATPase of molluscan myosin exhibits a limited degree of Ca2+ activation in the absence of actin. Recently, however, we have shown that steady-state ATPase activity in relaxing conditions is dominated by the unregulated molecules in the myosin preparation. Single-turnover kinetic methods are required to monitor the highly suppressed ATPase activity of the regulated population. Using the latter approach, we report here that scallop myosin ATPase is reduced about 100-fold on removal of Ca2+. The regulatory light chains maintain the relaxed state via conformational changes which suppress the product release steps, irrespective of the presence of actin.     

界面处理和冷却条件对玻璃纤维与聚丙烯界面结合的影响 Ⅱ.不同冷却速度对界面剪切强度的影响

通过对玻璃纤维与聚丙烯界面剪切强度的测量,以及对其界面结晶形态的观测,发现界面产生横晶的充分条件是界面存在较强的相互作用和样品的缓慢冷却。提出了横晶形成机理,并推断横晶的形成会导致玻璃纤维与聚丙烯树脂界面结合强度的明显下降。用观测到的横晶与基体球晶的冲击线进一步证实了横晶形成机理     

江苏省工业企业科技投入抽样调查方案设计

根据最优化分析原理,提出类型抽样方式结合0-1整数规划的抽样调查方案设计的方法,并将这一方法成功地应用于江苏省工业企业科技投入的抽样方案设计.计算结果表明,本法的抽样效果,比简单随机抽样提高1.5倍.本文还就江苏省工业企业科技投入的分类标志的选择、分组数目的决定、抽样方案的检查,分组标志与主要科技指标的关系及根据科技投入的特点考虑抽样方案的地域均衡和行业均衡等方面,进行了详细分析.本文提供的方法可为全国其它省市科技抽样调查,洪灾损失及其它社会经济现象的抽样调查方案设计提供参考.     

浅谈开封旅游发展问题及其对策

文章在对开封旅游资源进行评价的基础上,指出开封发展旅游业的有利条件和制约因素,并提出了开封旅游在充分利用人文旅游资源的同时,应大力开发城郊、五县旅游资源,加大宣传力度,推进开封旅游业的全面发展。     

鸡β_2-微球蛋白及其硒代衍生物的制备和晶体学研究

禽流感的暴发使得禽类免疫系统的研究显得愈加迫切.而以其他种属的同源β2-微球蛋白作为模板进行结构解析,不能解析鸡β2-微球蛋白(Chβ2m)的晶体结构.为了利用硒原子的反常散射获取Chβ2m晶体X射线衍射的相位信息.本研究以pET21a为表达载体,E coli BL21(DE3)为宿主菌,在含有硒代甲硫氨酸的M9培养基中,用IPTG诱导表达硒代甲硫氨酸Chβ2m.包涵体经提取和稀释复性法复性之后,通过分子筛层析和Resource Q阴离子交换层析进行纯化,产物经SDS-PAGE检验纯度达98%以上.利用悬滴气相扩散法采用与Chβ2m蛋白晶体生长相同的条件.获得了衍生物可供衍射的晶体.通过北京同步辐射装置收集数据,最高分辨率至1.9 A.