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201.
A fully discrete implicit Euler upwind finite volume element method is derived and studied for one-dimensional semiconductor
device. Upwind scheme is introduced to deal with the convection-dominated diffusion equations in the semiconductor model.
With different time steps for the electrostatic potential and the other unknown quantities, the computational procedure of
the method is obtained. The local mass conservation laws are preserved under the framework of the upwind finite volume element
schemes. A first-order accuracy in the L
2-norm is proved. Numerical experiments are given to validate the usefulness and efficiency of the method. 相似文献
202.
Gustavo E. Romero 《Foundations of Science》2016,21(3):455-460
I offer an analysis of the Principle of Sufficient Reason and its relevancy for the scientific endeavour. I submit that the world is not, and cannot be, rational—only some brained beings are. The Principle of Sufficient Reason is not a necessary truth nor a physical law. It is just a guiding metanomological hypothesis justified a posteriori by its success in helping us to unveil the mechanisms that operate in Nature. 相似文献
203.
The semi-global stabilization problem for a class of nonlinear systems with state time-delay is addressed in this paper. By using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method and homogeneous domination approach, a homogeneous observer and an output feedback controller with a scaling gain are designed. Then the scaling gain is adjusted such that the closed-loop system is semi-global asymptotically stable. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results in this paper. 相似文献
204.
Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias. An event-related potentials (ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal. The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible. 相似文献
205.
Two kinds of argon shroud protection devices with two different basic structures were designed and investigated. Industrial experiments and numerical simulations were used to examine the protection effect, and the mechanism of air entrapment during the casting of steel ingots was analyzed. The influence of the structure of the argon shroud protection device on the protection effect was investigated. An argon shroud protection device mounted to the nozzle holder on the bottom of the ladle does not provide a good protection effect because air can easily flow into the teeming system and cause reoxidation of molten steel during teeming. By contrast, an argon shroud protection device seated on the top of the central trumpet provides an excellent protection effect, where air has little chance of flowing into the teeming system during casting. The feasibilities of the argon shroud protection devices are discussed. 相似文献
206.
Chromosome integrity in response to chemically or radiation-induced chromosome breaks and the perturbation of ongoing replication
forks relies on multiple DNA repair mechanisms. However, repair of these lesions may lead to unwanted chromosome rearrangement
if not properly executed or regulated. As these types of chromosomal alterations threaten the cell’s and the organism’s very
own survival, multiple systems are developed to avoid or at least limit break-induced chromosomal rearrangements. In this
review, we highlight cellular strategies for repressing DNA break-induced chromosomal translocations in multiple model systems
including yeast, mouse, and human. These pathways select proper homologous templates or broken DNA ends for the faithful repair
of DNA breaks to avoid undesirable chromosomal translocations. 相似文献
207.
The effects of sodium-metallochlorophylls including sodium-iron chlorophyllin, sodium-copper chlorophyllin and sodium-magnesium chlorophyllin on performance of Ni/MH battery were investigated. The results show that sodium-iron chlorophyllin can effectively activate the gases produced during charge in Ni/MH battery, therefore reducing the reduction potential of oxygen and the oxidation potential of hydrogen, and the increased speed of inner pressure of battery is decreased significantly. With the aid of DMol3 software, the activation process of oxygen and hydrogen by sodiummetallochlorophylls was simulated and analyzed. It was found that the catalysis behavior is in agreement with the experimental results, and the activation process also gets a reasonable explanation from the calculated results. 相似文献
208.
Thomas Durt 《Foundations of Science》2011,16(4):315-318
As was mentioned by Nicolas Lori in his (Found Sci, 2010) commentary, the definition of Information in Physics is something about which not all authors agreed. According to physicists
like me Information decreases when Entropy increases (so entropy would be a negative measure of information), while many physicists,
seemingly the majority of them, are convinced of the contrary (even in the camp of Quantum Information Theoreticians). In
this reply I reproduce, and make more precise, some of my arguments, that appeared here and there in my (2010) paper, in order to clarify the presentation of my personal point of view on the subject. 相似文献
209.
This paper aims to contribute to the literature on the explanatory power of behavior models with heterogeneous agents. The
authors present a new nonlinear structural stock market model which is a nonlinear deterministic process buffeted by dynamic
noise. An exogenous noise is introduced to the model with the assumption of IID normal innovations of the fundamental value
in order to investigate how noisy dynamics interacts with deterministic process. The market is composed of two typical trader
types: the rational fundamentalists and the boundedly rational traders governed by greed and fear. The interaction between
noise and deterministic element determines the evolution process of the system as key parameters are changed. The authors
find the model is able to generate time series that exhibit dynamical and statistical properties closely resembling those
of the S&P500 index, such as volatility clustering, fat tails (leptokurtosis), autocorrelation in square and absolute return,
larger amplitude, crashes and bubbles. The authors also investigate the nonlinear dependence structure in our data. The results
indicate that the GARCH-type model cannot completely account for all nonlinearity in our simulated market, which is thus consistent
with the results from real markets. It seems that the nonlinear structural model is more powerful to give a satisfied explanation
to market behavior than the traditional stochastic approach. 相似文献
210.
This paper considers the optimal investment strategy for an insurer under the criterion of mean-variance. The risk process
is a compound Poisson process and the insurer can invest in a risk-free asset and multiple risky assets. This paper obtains
the optimal investment policy using the stochastic linear quadratic (LQ) control theory with no-shorting constraint. Then
the efficient strategy (optimal investment strategy) and efficient frontier are derived explicitly by a verification theorem
with the viscosity solution of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. 相似文献