银杏叶中黄酮甙类化合物的提取与初步分离

本文研究了从银杏叶中提取黄酮甙类化合物的工艺条件,对提取到的混合物用薄层层析法进行了分离。结果表明,从银杏叶中提取出的黄酮甙类混合物中可分离出四种以上的纯组分。     

求解双尺度差分方程的一种新迭代算法

本文给出了求解双尺度差分方程的新方法。读方法屿已有方法相比具有存储量小和运算速度快等特点。     

C^＋离子注入对Al2O3单晶表面韧性的影响

对Ｃ＋注入α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３单晶样品的表面残余应力、显微硬度、断裂韧性和注入层破坏临界负荷等力学性能的变化进行了研究．结果表明：Ｃ＋离子注入Ａｌ２Ｏ３单晶时,表面层的破碎临界负荷增大．在１×１０１７Ｃ＋／ｃｍ２时表面产生的残余压缩应力达到最大,而更高剂量的注入使表面层产生非晶化,降低了表面的残余压缩应力．在５×１０１７Ｃ＋／ｃｍ２注入剂量时,由于表面残余压缩应力和表面非晶化的协同效应使注入层具有较高的表面韧性和表面层耐破碎临界负荷．     

In pre-sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) in solution the leader peptide 1 – 20 is flexibly disordered, and residues 21 – 143 adopt the same globular fold as in mature SCP2

The preform of the rabbit sterol carrier protein 2 (pre-rSCP2) was cloned, the uniformly ¹⁵N-labelled protein expressed in Escherichia coli and studied by three-dimensional ¹⁵N-resolved nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In spite of its low solubility in aqueous solution of only ∼0.3 mM, sequential ¹⁵N and ¹H backbone resonance assignments were obtained for 105 out of the 143 residues. From comparison of the sequential and medium-range nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs) in the two proteins, all regular secondary structures previously determined in mature human SCP2 (hSCP2) [Szyperski et al. (1993) FEBS Lett. 335: 18–26] were also identified in pre-rSCP2. Near-identity of the backbone ¹⁵N and ¹H chemical shifts and 1 : 1 correspondence of 24 long-range NOEs to backbone amide groups in the two proteins show that the residues 21 – 143 adopt the same globular fold in pre-rSCP2 and mature hSCP2. The N-terminal 20-residue leader peptide of pre-rSCP2 is flexibly disordered in solution and does not observably affect the conformation of the polypeptide segment 21 – 143. Received 11 May 1998; accepted 15 May 1998     

S-局部可分空间的映射性质

本文引入与拓扑空间中Ｓ－开集有关的一类新映射．在更一般的映射类中研究Ｓ－局部可分空间的映射性质，得到广泛而有用的结果     

Comparison tests for dendrograms: A comparative evaluation

Classifications are generally pictured in the form of hierarchical trees, also called dendrograms. A dendrogram is the graphical representation of an ultrametric (=cophenetic) matrix; so dendrograms can be compared to one another by comparing their cophenetic matrices. Three methods used in testing the correlation between matrices corresponding to dendrograms are evaluated. The three permutational procedures make use of different aspects of the information to compare dendrograms: the Mantel procedure permutes label positions only; the binary tree methods randomize the topology as well; the double-permutation procedure is based on all the information included in a dendrogram, that is: topology, label positions, and cluster heights. Theoretical and empirical investigations of these methods are carried out to evaluate their relative performance. Simulations show that the Mantel test is too conservative when applied to the comparison of dendrograms; the methods of binary tree comparisons do slightly better; only the doublepermutation test provides unbiased type I error. Les arbres utilisés pour illustrés les groupements sont généralement représentés sous la forme de classifications hiérarchiques ou dendrogrammes. Un dendrogramme représente graphiquement l’information contenue dans la matrice ultramétrique (=cophénétique) correspondant à la classification. Dès ultramétriques correspondantes. Nous comparons trois méthodes permettant d’évaluer la signification statistique du coefficient de correlation mesuré entre deux matrices ultramétriques. Ces trois tests par permutations tiennent compte d’aspects différents pour comparer des dendrogrammes: le test de Mantel permute les feuilles de l’arbre, les méthodes pour arbres binaires permutent les feuilles et la topologie, alors que la procédure à double permutation permute les feuilles, la topologie et les niveaux de fusion des dendrogrammes comparés. L’efficacité relative des trois méthodes est évaluée empiriquement et théoriquement. Nos résultats suggèrent l’utilisation préférentielle du test à double permutation pour la comparaison de dendrogrammes: le test de Mantel s’avère trop conservateur, tandis que les méthodes pour arbres binaires ne sont pas toujours adéquates.

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This work was supported by NSERC grant no. A7738 to Pierre Legendre and by a NSERC scholarship to F.-J. Lapointe.     

Arrangement of nucleosomes in condensed chromatin fibres

Summary Condensed chromatin shows globules of 300 Å formed by 8 to 10 nucleosomes. Each globule might be an uncoiled turn of a supercoil. This supercoil forms major coils along the fibre.This work was supported by grants from Brazilian CNPq, FAPESP and FEDIB.We thank Dr A. Brunner Jr for the permission to use the electron microscope.     

3—氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的合成

以三氯硅烷与3－氯丙基丙烯为原料在氯铂酸复合催化剂催化下合成了3－氯丙基三氯硅烷，继而用醇醇解，合成了3－氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷，总收率80％。