The coconut pathosystem: weed hosts of nymphs of the American palm Cixiid Haplaxius crudus (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea)

Lethal yellowing (LY) of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L., Arecaceae) is a disease of economic importance that is caused by the phytoplasma ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’ and is transmitted by the planthopper Haplaxius crudus (Van Duzee) (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). This study explores the weeds used by H. crudus nymphs and other Cixiidae in a coconut pathosystem in southern Mexico. Nymphs were collected directly from the root system of each weed by hand or with the help of a vacuum after carefully opening the culm. This study included 11 species of weeds: nine Poaceae [Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, B. humidicola (Rendle) Schweick, B. mutica (Forssk.) Stapf, Digitaria abyssinica (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) Stapf, Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desv., Leersia hexandra Sw., Panicum laxum Sw., P. maximum Jacq., Paspalum notatum Flüggé]; one Cyperaceae [Cyperus ligularis L.], and one Portulacaceae: [Portulaca pilosa L.]. Brachiaria mutica, E. petraea, B. humidicola, P. maximum were identified as the principal host species for H. crudus nymphs. Brachiaria decumbens, D. abyssinica, and C. ligularis are new host records for the nymphs of H. crudus. Additionally, it was found that H. crudus may coexist with its cogeners H. skarphion Kramer (Cixiidae) and H. caldwelli Kramer (Cixiidae), on B. mutica. On C. ligularis, H. crudus may coexist with Oecleus snowi Ball (Cixiidae) nymphs. These results suggest that in the coconut pathosystem there is a complex of multitrophic interactions that should be considered in integrated management of LY.     

施工振动下基于黏弹性边界的地下结构动力特性模拟

结合上海市人民广场地铁换乘大厅枢纽工程,建立了基于黏弹性边界的三维有限元分析模型,利用Newmark数值方法对在拆除临时混凝土支撑振动条件下结构的动力特性进行研究,并将数值计算结果与现场监测结果进行比较.结果表明：所建立的基于黏弹性边界的数值模型不仅能够较好地模拟施工振动下结构的动力特性,消除土体与结构交界面的振动波虚假发射;而且可以预测激励荷载下结构发生共振的可能性.     

基于单片机的汽车防撞预警系统

设计了一用于单片机教学的新型实验教学系统——汽车防撞预警系统。该系统以SPCE061A微处理器为控制核心,实现了超声波测距、语音播报、声光报警和自动刹车等功能,硬件电路设计简单、人机对话界面友好和成本低,运行过程中测量准确、性能优良,对学生综合专业实践起到了非常好的训练作用。     

油田采油阻垢剂筛选研究

为了筛选出适合某油田使用的阻垢剂,通过分析油田水质及垢样的 XRD,发现垢样成分主要为碳酸钙和硫酸钙. 在测定了 11 种阻垢剂钙容忍度的基础上,采用静态实验法和模拟油田水体法,测定了各种阻垢剂的阻垢率,对比后,筛选出了适合油田水质特点和垢体类型的 POCA 阻垢剂,在 80 ℃油田水质环境下,其添加质量浓度为 20 mg/L 时,阻垢率为 81.27%,钙容忍度高于 20 000.     

集装箱船体波浪载荷应力短期分布的统计分析

基于对波浪载荷所引起的交变应力范围数据统计分析的结论,建议用一类双峰正态混合分布拟合．利用EM算法对混合分布的参数进行估计,借助估计出的参数值,揭示了在一定条件下船体不同部位疲劳载荷的固有关系．船体波浪载荷应力在船首处尤为复杂,双峰对称正态逆高斯混合分布对该处波浪载荷所引起的交变应力范围数据拟合效果更好．实证分析表明,所提供的概率分布参数能够反映船体不同部位的疲劳载荷大小,所得到的关于船体不同部位疲劳载荷固有关系的结论可为船舶运行品质研究提供理论基础．     

On estimating contemporaneous quarterly regional GDP

Subnational regional jurisdictions rarely have at their disposal a reasonable array of timely statistics to monitor their economic condition. In light of this, we develop a procedure that simultaneously estimates a quarterly time series for all regions of a country based upon quarterly national and annual regional data. While other such techniques exist, we suggest a temporal error structure that eliminates possible spurious jumps. Using our approach, regional analysts should now be able to distribute national growth among regions as soon as quarterly national figures are released. In a Spanish application, we detail some practicalities of the process and show that our proposal produces better estimates than the uniregional methods often used. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.     

中高能H~+和类氦离子及He原子碰撞中电子俘获截面的计算

用两态原子轨道展开方法研究计算了中高能Ｈ＋与类氦离子（Ｂｅ２＋，Ｂ３＋，Ｃ４＋，Ｎ５＋，Ｏ６＋）和Ｈｅ原子碰撞的电子俘获截面．结果表明在中高能区本文结果与实验较好地符合．     

磷酸三丁酯-Span80-二甲苯乳状液膜迁移、富集稀土元素La(Ⅲ)的研究

用ＴＢＤ－Ｓｐａｎ８０－二甲苯乳状液膜体系研究了Ｌａ３＋的迁移行为，确定了完全、快速迁移Ｌａ３＋的条件．在该条件下，能够使Ｌａ３＋从常见过渡元素Ｆｅ３＋、Ｃｏ２＋、Ｎｉ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋等离子的混合液中得到完全分离．     

离子交换法提取柠檬酸新工艺的研究

采用离子交换树脂(M型阴树脂、D61阳树脂)从发酵液中提取柠檬酸、工艺简单、提取收率可达90%以上,无废渣产生,有利于环境保护,且成品质量好,有工业应用价值。     

Chromatin circles in amphibian previtellogenic oocytes

Summary Previtellogenic oocytes ofOdontophrynus americanus display hundreds of chromatin circles. Electron microscopy of spread preparations of isolated nuclei shows that the circles originate from the chromatin. The circles change their morphology and form new copies. The length of the DNA packed in the nucleosomal circles is about 2.5–3.5 m or multiples of this value. Assuming that histones need not be removed from chromatin before DNA replication³ we suggest that the circles might belong to the process of rDNA amplification.This work was supported by grants from the Brazilian CNPq, FAPESP and FEDIB.We thank Dr A. Brunner Jr for the use of the electron microscope and Dr N. Leon for his valuable help.