Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

Genome-wide association study of flowering time and grain yield traits in a worldwide collection of rice germplasm

A high-density haplotype map recently enabled a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a population of indica subspecies of Chinese rice landraces. Here we extend this methodology to a larger and more diverse sample of 950 worldwide rice varieties, including the Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica subspecies, to perform an additional GWAS. We identified a total of 32 new loci associated with flowering time and with ten grain-related traits, indicating that the larger sample increased the power to detect trait-associated variants using GWAS. To characterize various alleles and complex genetic variation, we developed an analytical framework for haplotype-based de novo assembly of the low-coverage sequencing data in rice. We identified candidate genes for 18 associated loci through detailed annotation. This study shows that the integrated approach of sequence-based GWAS and functional genome annotation has the potential to match complex traits to their causal polymorphisms in rice.     

Genome-wide association study of leaf architecture in the maize nested association mapping population

US maize yield has increased eight-fold in the past 80 years, with half of the gain attributed to selection by breeders. During this time, changes in maize leaf angle and size have altered plant architecture, allowing more efficient light capture as planting density has increased. Through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the maize nested association mapping panel, we determined the genetic basis of important leaf architecture traits and identified some of the key genes. Overall, we demonstrate that the genetic architecture of the leaf traits is dominated by small effects, with little epistasis, environmental interaction or pleiotropy. In particular, GWAS results show that variations at the liguleless genes have contributed to more upright leaves. These results demonstrate that the use of GWAS with specially designed mapping populations is effective in uncovering the basis of key agronomic traits.     

Preparation of rare-earth-modified medical stone powders and their application as conductive fillers

Traditional metal conductive fillers are expensive and prone to oxidation. Thus, the development of new conductive powders as fillers is urgently needed. A novel gaseous penetration technology was adopted to prepare La-doped medical stone powders(La-MSPs), which are inexpensive mesoporous materials, as a new kind of conductive filler material. The prepared La-MSPs attained a resistivity of 450 ?·m and were used as a filler to prepare conductive coatings with epoxy resin as the resin matrix. The influence of the La-MSPs dosage on the resistance and hardness of the coatings was also determined. The resistance and the hardness both decreased with increasing filler dosage. Finally, the optimum recipe of the conductive coatings with the most suitable fillers dosage(55 wt%) was obtained. The hardness and resistance of the coatings with 55 wt% La-MSPs were HV 4 and 5.5 × 10~7 ?, respectively.     

基于DEA-FCE的房地产上市公司绩效综合评价

结合DEA和FCE方法的优点构建基于DEA-FCE的房地产上市公司绩效评价模型;选取25家房地产上市公司,使用财务指标和非财务指标,采集近5年的加权平均数据,对房地产上市公司绩效进行综合评价;结果表明,深万科A、中远发展等房地产上市公司排在前面,而渝开发、兴业房产的综合排名靠后.     

改进的子载波比特功率分配算法

针对多用户多输入多输出-正交频分复用(multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency divi-sion multiplexing,MIMO-OFDM)系统的自适应资源分配问题,对子载波比特功率两步分配(Two-Steps)和联合分配方法进行了比较,分析了收发天线数目对系统性能的影响.提出了一种改进的子载波比特功率算法,该算法基于两个用户可以同时在一个子载波上发送数据的子载波复用方法,将子载波和比特功率联合分配,对比特重新调整的迭代过程进行了改进.仿真结果表明,该算法在不影响系统误码性能的前提下降低了复杂度.     

三槽式氧化沟工艺用于石化类废水生物脱氮的探讨

论述了三槽式氧化沟处理石化废水的试验研究,试验结果表明：在系统开始时水力停留时间过短不利于硝化,当运行稳定后．在10h左右的水力停留时间时,三槽式氧化沟出水NH3-N浓度为2．7mg/L,NO3^--N浓度为5．2mg/L,可以达到较好的硝化效果．并将小试研究结果与污水处理厂的实际运行作了比较．