均匀纺锤形α-FeO(OH)微晶形成过程的动力学研究

对用Na_2CO_3作沉淀剂,在FeSO_4水溶液中形成的Fe(OH)_2和FeCO_3的悬浮液中鼓入空气,制备均匀纺锤形α-FeO(OH)微晶的动力学过程进行了研究。证明α-FeO(OH)微晶形成经过了晶核的形成过程和晶核的长大过程。考察了原料起始浓度、反应温度、空气流量对微晶形成过程的影响,文中首次提出利用α-FeO(OH)相形成过成的Avrami数n值来控制α-FeO(OH)微晶轴比大小的方祛,并使用似稳定浓度法确定了晶核长大过程氧化反应的速率方程。     

饱和克尔介质中双光子Jaynes—Cummings模型的场熵演化

研究了高Q饱和介质腔中,单个两能级原子与单模光场发生双光子相互作用时场熵演化的动力学特性。     

Functional interplay between tetraspanins and proteases

Several recent publications have described examples of physical and functional interations between tetraspanins and specific membrane proteases belonging to the TM-MMP and α-(ADAMs) and γ-secretases families. Collectively, these examples constitute an emerging body of evidence supporting the notion that tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) represent functional platforms for the regulation of key cellular processes including the release of surface protein ectodomains ("shedding"), regulated intramembrane proteolysis ("RIPing") and matrix degradation and assembly. These cellular processes in turn play a crucial role in an array of physiological and pathological phenomena. Thus, TEMs may represent new therapeutical targets that may simultaneously affect the proteolytic activity of different enzymes and their substrates. Agonistic or antagonistic antibodies and blocking soluble peptides corresponding to tetraspanin functional regions may offer new opportunities in the treatment of pathologies such as chronic inflammation, cancer, or Alzheimer's disease. In this review article, we will discuss all these aspects of functional regulation of protease activities by tetraspanins.     

Exome sequencing identifies recurrent mutations of the splicing factor SF3B1 gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Here we perform whole-exome sequencing of samples from 105 individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most frequent leukemia in adults in Western countries. We found 1,246 somatic mutations potentially affecting gene function and identified 78 genes with predicted functional alterations in more than one tumor sample. Among these genes, SF3B1, encoding a subunit of the spliceosomal U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), is somatically mutated in 9.7% of affected individuals. Further analysis in 279 individuals with CLL showed that SF3B1 mutations were associated with faster disease progression and poor overall survival. This work provides the first comprehensive catalog of somatic mutations in CLL with relevant clinical correlates and defines a large set of new genes that may drive the development of this common form of leukemia. The results reinforce the idea that targeting several well-known genetic pathways, including mRNA splicing, could be useful in the treatment of CLL and other malignancies.     

ASIP and TYR pigmentation variants associate with cutaneous melanoma and basal cell carcinoma

Fair color increases risk of cutaneous melanoma (CM) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Recent genome-wide association studies have identified variants affecting hair, eye and skin pigmentation in Europeans. Here, we assess the effect of these variants on risk of CM and BCC in European populations comprising 2,121 individuals with CM, 2,163 individuals with BCC and over 40,000 controls. A haplotype near ASIP, known to affect a similar spectrum of pigmentation traits as MC1R variants, conferred significant risk of CM (odds ratio (OR) = 1.45, P = 1.2 x 10(-9)) and BCC (OR = 1.33, P = 1.2 x 10(-6)). The variant in TYR encoding the R402Q amino acid substitution, previously shown to affect eye color and tanning response, conferred risk of CM (OR = 1.21, P = 2.8 x 10(-7)) and BCC (OR = 1.14, P = 6.1 x 10(-4)). An eye color variant in TYRP1 was associated with risk of CM (OR = 1.15, P = 4.6 x 10(-4)). The association of all three variants is robust with respect to adjustment for the effect of pigmentation.     

乌拉盖湿地的生态环境现状及可持续发展对策研究

本文在乌拉盖湿地调研的基础上,以乌拉盖湿地为研究对象,对湿地类型、特点、生态功能、生态地位以及生态环境现状进行了系统阐述,提出了湿地资源保护和可持续利用的科学对策。     

学分制下如何做好学生的思想政治工作

高校实行学分制后,在教学方式、管理方式等各方面发生了较大的变化,与此相适应,思想政治工作也要有相应的变化.在高校深化教学改革的新形势和新情况下,探讨学分制下如何做好学生的思想政治工作,就成为我们必须认真研究和解决的一个重要课题.     

基于GIS与AHP属性辨识模型的地质灾害危险性评价——以涪陵页岩气开采区为例

【目的】建立新的区域性地质灾害评价模型,对涪陵页岩气开采区的地质灾害危险性进行评价。【方法】根据涪陵页岩气开采区的地质、水文和气候特征,选取归一化植被指数(NDVI)、土地类型、坡度、坡高、年峰值周降雨量、年峰值日降雨量等6个主要因素作为评价指标。基于GIS平台,采用AHP属性辨识模型对研究区的地质灾害进行危险性评价。【结果】涪陵页岩气开采区的地质灾害危险性较高,极高危险区面积为1466 km2,高危险区面积为743.6 km2,两者分别占开采区总面积的9.6%和52.8%。通过开采区173个历史地质灾害点的验证表明,评价的地质灾害危险性区划与历史地质灾害点的空间分布一致,其中98个分布于极高危险区,56个分布于高危险区,分布于中危险区和低危险区的仅有19个。用受试者工作特征曲线法对上述评价结果进行精度评估,曲线下的面积百分比达82.8%,验证了评价模型的可行性。【结论】研究结果对涪陵页岩气开采区输气管线、道路和房建等的规划和防灾减灾具有重要指导意义。     

退化约束不可微规划的一个次梯度算法

文[1]给出了求线性等式与变量非负约束不可微凸规划近似解的一个算法。该算法不论是近代过程还是收敛性证明都强烈地依赖约束集非退化这个条件，本文放弃非退化假设，设计了一个近似解的迭代算法，并证明了算法有限次迭代后终止于所考虑问题的一个近似解点。