The C. elegans genome sequencing project: a beginning.

The long-term goal of this project is the elucidation of the complete sequence of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome. During the first year methods have been developed and a strategy implemented that is amenable to large-scale sequencing. The three cosmids sequenced in this initial phase are surprisingly rich in genes, many of which have mammalian homologues.     

句法视角下城市道路交通的预测研究——以广州市人民路高架桥拆除问题为例

基于空间句法理论中较前沿的NAchoice算法,着眼于我国第一座城市高架桥广州市人民路高架桥拆除问题进行案例分析,为空间句法在中国城市交通预测中的应用提供实证,探寻一种较好拟合实际交通流的预测模型,为路网优化提供参考依据. 论证分析从广州人民南路段交通堵塞原因、拆桥与否对桥下路段车流的影响、人民路段周边主干道交通疏导能力评估等3个方面展开,研究发现：（1）车流量偏大是人民南路段交通堵塞问题频发的原因之一;（2）高架桥的拆除会小幅增加桥底路段车流,但不一定会造成车流量的叠加式剧增;（3）人民路段及其周围主干道分流能力受到质疑,建议等到有较强疏导能力路段建成后,再拆除人民路高架桥;（4）空间句法NAchoice模型与广州市交通流数据具有较好拟合程度,运用该模型进行城市道路交通预测具有可行性.     

Structural basis for synthesis of inflammatory mediators by human leukotriene C4 synthase

Cysteinyl leukotrienes are key mediators in inflammation and have an important role in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, in particular bronchial asthma. In the biosynthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes, conversion of arachidonic acid forms the unstable epoxide leukotriene A4 (LTA4). This intermediate is conjugated with glutathione (GSH) to produce leukotriene C4 (LTC4) in a reaction catalysed by LTC4 synthase: this reaction is the key step in cysteinyl leukotriene formation. Here we present the crystal structure of the human LTC4 synthase in its apo and GSH-complexed forms to 2.00 and 2.15 A resolution, respectively. The structure reveals a homotrimer, where each monomer is composed of four transmembrane segments. The structure of the enzyme in complex with substrate reveals that the active site enforces a horseshoe-shaped conformation on GSH, and effectively positions the thiol group for activation by a nearby arginine at the membrane-enzyme interface. In addition, the structure provides a model for how the omega-end of the lipophilic co-substrate is pinned at one end of a hydrophobic cleft, providing a molecular 'ruler' to align the reactive epoxide at the thiol of glutathione. This provides new structural insights into the mechanism of LTC4 formation, and also suggests that the observed binding and activation of GSH might be common for a family of homologous proteins important for inflammatory and detoxification responses.     

高校图书馆知识管理浅谈

知识管理是知识经济时代的一种全新的管理思想。阐述了高校图书馆在对自身实施知识管理时应注意的环节、存在的问题以及所要避免陷入的几个误区,并对未来的知识管理进行了展望。     

混凝土工程裂缝原因与预防

混凝土经常出现的裂缝有温度裂缝、干龟裂、干缩裂缝、沉陷裂缝、坍落裂缝。分析了5种裂缝出现的原因，提出了相应的预防措施。     

藏东类乌齐地区始新世钾玄质侵入岩特征及构造环境

往过同岩体位于藏东类乌齐地区往过同,岩石类型为斑状中粒黑云母二长花岗岩,黑云母K-Ar同位素年龄为35 Ma,时代为始新世。往过同花岗岩富硅、铝、碱,高钾贫钛,低铁、镁、钙,在SiO2-K2O和K2O-Na2O图解中样品均落在钾玄岩系列区,岩石系列为钾玄质花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,负Eu异常;在原始地幔蛛网图上Th强烈富集,Sr呈现低谷负异常,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti亏损,表现出钾玄岩的地球化学特征。经分析,并应用构造环境判别图解,往过同花岗岩形成于后碰撞的构造环境。     

Direct splitting of water under visible light irradiation with an oxide semiconductor photocatalyst.

The photocatalytic splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen using solar energy is a potentially clean and renewable source for hydrogen fuel. The first photocatalysts suitable for water splitting, or for activating hydrogen production from carbohydrate compounds made by plants from water and carbon dioxide, were developed several decades ago. But these catalysts operate with ultraviolet light, which accounts for only 4% of the incoming solar energy and thus renders the overall process impractical. For this reason, considerable efforts have been invested in developing photocatalysts capable of using the less energetic but more abundant visible light, which accounts for about 43% of the incoming solar energy. However, systems that are sufficiently stable and efficient for practical use have not yet been realized. Here we show that doping of indium-tantalum-oxide with nickel yields a series of photocatalysts, In(1-x)Ni(x)TaO(4) (x = 0-0.2), which induces direct splitting of water into stoichiometric amounts of oxygen and hydrogen under visible light irradiation with a quantum yield of about 0.66%. Our findings suggest that the use of solar energy for photocatalytic water splitting might provide a viable source for 'clean' hydrogen fuel, once the catalytic efficiency of the semiconductor system has been improved by increasing its surface area and suitable modifications of the surface sites.