烟气湿法脱硫用石灰石溶解速率定量分析

利用EDTA络合滴定法测量了6种湿法脱硫用灰石中的CaCO3和M gCO3含量,其中CaCO3含量较为稳定,一般都在89%~93%范围内,而M gCO3含量的波动较大,可在1.0%~8.5%之间变化.依照我国电力行业标准(DL/T943—2005),对石灰石反应速率的时间指标进行分析,其值在25~120m in之间变化.结合实验数据和颗粒溶解缩核模型,提出具有明确物理意义的石灰石溶解速率定量分析方法.以溶液温度50℃,pH值5.5为标准溶解条件,6种石灰石颗粒在单位半径(半径为1m)下的溶解速率为0.3~1.0μmol/s.该定量分析方法对烟气湿法脱硫用石灰石的选取与系统的优化具有一定的指导意义.     

基于非线性数据变换的离群点检测算法

为了提高高维数据集合离群数据挖掘效率,在分析了传统的离群数据挖掘算法优点和缺点的基础上,提出了一种离群点检测算法,首先将非线性问题转化为高维特征空间中的线性问题,然后利用非线性数据变换进行维数约减,对所得数据对象每个投影分量逐个判断数据点是否是离群点,通过实验证明该算法不仅可用于线性可分数据集的离群点检测,而且可用于线性不可分数据集的离群点检测,表明了算法的优越性。     

基于免疫粒子群混合优化算法的新型派梯策略

基于人工免疫优化算法和粒子群算法的优缺点可以互补的特性,提出了免疫粒子群混合优化算法,并将其应用于混合电梯群控系统中进行派梯优化.将仿真结果与人工免疫优化算法、粒子群优化算法的结果进行对比,发现免疫粒子群混合优化算法显著地提高了混合电梯群控系统的长时等待率和电梯运行量,而平均等待时间的改善不明显,说明免疫粒子群混合优化算法在优化派梯方案方面表现出良好的效果,具有优越性.     

An Empirical Study of Unsupervised Sentiment Classification of Chinese Reviews

This paper is an empirical study of unsupervised sentiment classification of Chinese reviews. The focus is on exploring the ways to improve the performance of the unsupervised sentiment classification based on limited existing sentiment resources in Chinese. On the one hand, all available Chinese sentiment lexicons — individual and combined — are evaluated under our proposed framework. On the other hand, the domain dependent sentiment noise words are identified and removed using unlabeled data, to improve the classification performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such attempt. Experiments have been conducted on three open datasets in two domains, and the results show that the proposed algorithm for sentiment noise words removal can improve the classification performance significantly.     

Electron emission from La-doped Pb（Zr,Sn,Ti）O3 antiferroelectrics by pulse electric field and the relevant physical mechanism

We investigate the characteristics of emission current waves of antiferroelectric cathode material lanthanum-doped lead zirconate stannate titanate （PLZST） triggered by pulse field, and analyze the relationship of the emission current waveforms with the extraction voltage. The close correlation between the triggering pulse polarity and emission current waveform observed evidences the relevant physical process of electron emission. We speculate that the primary emission may result from local phase transition and field emission in the vicinity of triple junctions, and the plasma formation may enhance the electron emission.     

Evidence of vacuolar compartmentalization of arsenic in the hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata

Pteris vittata can hyperaccumulate arsenic （As） to 〉1% of its dry weight without showing any signs of toxicity, indicating the existence of effective plant-internal detoxificaUon mechanisms. Although vacuolar compartmentalization is known to play an important role in heavy metal detoxification and tolerance, direct evidence of arsenic compartmentalization in this hyperaccumulator was lacking. Here we report the subcellular localization of As in the callus of P. vittata. The callus induced from gametophytes of P. vittata exposed to 0.2 mmol/L arsenate for 20 days were examined by directly isolating cell walls, protoplasts and vacuoles, and determining arsenic concentrations. Of the total As in the callus, about 94% was in the protoplast, and of that, 91% was present in the vacuoles, indicating that vacuoles are a major storage site for As in P. vittata. In addition, the changes in the chemical components of vacuoles were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）.     

HIV-1病毒样颗粒真核表达系统的建立

目的 利用哺乳动物细胞表达HIV-1病毒样颗粒,为HIV-1病毒的生物学研究和进一步设计HIV-1中和优势表位预防性疫苗奠定基础.方法 以293T细胞作为宿主细胞,利用磷酸钙沉淀法将带有HIV-1病毒被膜蛋白gp160基因的pcDNA3.1/BaL gp160真核表达载体和带有HIV-1核心蛋白(gag)的pVRC3900真核表达载体共转染至293T细胞中,收集培养上清,经蔗糖不连续梯度离心,收集病毒样颗粒,经磷钨酸负染,透射电镜观察结果 .结果 以磷酸钙沉淀DNA转移技术,EGFP真核表达质粒为靶基因,293T细胞为宿主细胞,最佳转染效率达30%以上;将peDt NA3.1/BaL gp160(env)和pVRC3900(gag)真核表达质粒共转染,宿主细胞成功表达目的 蛋白,转染细胞培养上清经蔗糖密度梯度离心,电镜观察可见自行装配的HIV病毒样颗粒.结论 在真核细胞中表达HIV-1病毒样颗粒.     

木质素焦炭导电特性的拉曼分析

研究了炭化工况对木质素焦炭电阻率的影响,并结合拉曼光谱和XRD分析研究了温度和催化剂对焦炭结构和导电性能的影响.结果表明:炭化温度的提高和催化剂的添加有利于焦炭石墨化,即提高焦炭导电性能.添加催化剂需要采用两段炭化法以避免焦油对催化剂的中毒作用.随着温度的升高,拉曼光谱中D峰强度不断增加,产生的活性炭原子与焦炭中的灰分结合形成的离子络合物导致了电阻率的降低.添加催化剂使得D峰和G峰强度均有增加,说明催化剂可以促进焦炭的炭化和石墨化.镍基催化剂较容易使焦炭获得石墨化结构,在低温阶段催化效果明显.而铁基催化剂在高温下也可以体现出较强的催化能力.     

基于改进投影寻踪技术和模糊神经网络的未受精种蛋检测模型

考虑基于计算机视觉技术的未受精种蛋无损检测中特征参数之间关系的复杂性和模糊性等因素,提出了一种基于改进投影寻踪模型和模糊神经网络相结合,作为种蛋是否受精品质归属的决策系统.利用量子投影寻踪技术对种蛋图像的复杂形状特征向量进行提取降维,给出了计算最佳投影方向的一种改进量子遗传算法;并且利用模糊神经网络的自动学习决策推理规则,实现了种蛋是否受精品质归属的无损检测.结果表明:该模型速度快且稳定,精度高且鲁棒性好,简单易于实现,精度达到99.37％,满足实际检测要求.     

后浇UHTCC既有混凝土复合梁弯曲疲劳性能试验研究

为研究疲劳荷载作用下超高韧性水泥基复合材料(UHTCC)对混凝土的增强作用,将UHTCC外浇层作为保护层,对既有着混凝土梁体一侧浇注UHTCC而制成的UHTCC/混凝土复合梁(UC复合梁)进行三点弯曲疲劳加载试验.实验结果表明:在疲劳荷载作用下,UC梁截面变形符合平截面假定;UHTCC层产生若干条可见裂缝,其数目随应力水平的下降而减少,混凝土层裂缝数目为1～3;复合梁随荷载循环的疲劳变形曲线表现出延性特征,呈现三阶段发展,变形能力随应力水平的下降而降低;在高周疲劳情况下,复合梁S-N双对数疲劳曲线线性良好.由此表明,利用超高韧性水泥基复合材料作为保护层能分散既有混凝土的表面裂缝,提高复合梁的变形能力和寿命.