Mismatch repair genes identified using genetic screens in Blm-deficient embryonic stem cells

Phenotype-driven recessive genetic screens in diploid organisms require a strategy to render the mutation homozygous. Although homozygous mutant mice can be generated by breeding, a reliable method to make homozygous mutations in cultured cells has not been available, limiting recessive screens in culture. Cultured embryonic stem (ES) cells provide access to all of the genes required to elaborate the fundamental components and physiological systems of a mammalian cell. Here we have exploited the high rate of mitotic recombination in Bloom's syndrome protein (Blm)-deficient ES cells to generate a genome-wide library of homozygous mutant cells from heterozygous mutations induced with a revertible gene trap retrovirus. We have screened this library for cells with defects in DNA mismatch repair (MMR), a system that detects and repairs base-base mismatches. We demonstrate the recovery of cells with homozygous mutations in known and novel MMR genes. We identified Dnmt1(ref. 5) as a novel MMR gene and confirmed that Dnmt1-deficient ES cells exhibit micro-satellite instability, providing a mechanistic explanation for the role of Dnmt1 in cancer. The combination of insertional mutagenesis in Blm-deficient ES cells establishes a new approach for phenotype-based recessive genetic screens in ES cells.     

极尖区电离层离子与地磁活动及太阳风的相关分析

对2001~2003年间Cluster星簇穿越极尖区期间观测到的电离层起源的离子(O⁺离子, He⁺离子和H⁺离子)特性进行了统计分析, 主要研究了这些离子的数密度与地磁活动以及太阳风动压之间的关系. 结果表明: O⁺离子数密度和地磁活动指数Kp之间存在着正相关关系, He⁺离子数密度和地磁活动指数Kp不相关, O⁺离子和He⁺离子数密度都和太阳风动压之间存在着显著的正相关关系; H+离子数密度与太阳风动压之间存在着正相关关系, 而和地磁活动指数Kp不相关. 最后, 对这些离子的特性与太阳风动压及地磁活动之间的关系进行了讨论.     

量子概率和无限维分析国际会议论文集

本书是新加坡世界科技出版公司出版的《QP—PQ：量子概率和白噪声分析》系列丛书的第15卷，也是2001年3月在德国举行的“量子概率和无限维分析国际会议“的论文集。书中反映量子概率和无限维分析领域的最新研究成果，包括在量子随机积分、随机极限、量子远距传物和其他相关领域的新结果。