滨海盐沼植物种子扩散过程对潮流阻断的响应机制

滨海盐沼湿地中,种子扩散模式主要由潮汐作用决定,在潮汐沿高程梯度的运动中形成了种子流。滨海围垦活动可以直接影响到盐沼湿地的潮汐作用,进而造成盐沼湿地中种子扩散模式的变化。本研究对不同高程盐沼湿地的种子流通量进行调查,阐明了潮流干扰下盐沼湿地中植物种子扩散模式的响应机制。本研究发现在潮流驱动下,低位盐沼和中位盐沼的种子将会向海陆两端迁移,低位盐沼上部是重要的种子源区,中位盐沼下部成为了种子汇区。而高位盐沼的围垦活动将会改变盐地碱蓬种子扩散模式。中位盐沼下部的种子扩散模式受到的影响最为严重。围垦活动占据或破坏高位盐沼之后,中位盐沼下部将由种子的汇区变为源区,大量的种子净流出将给该区域盐地碱蓬定植造成潜在威胁。      

East Asian monsoon change for the 21st century: Results of CMIP3 and CMIP5 models

Forty-two climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phases 3 and 5 were first evaluated in terms of their ability to simulate the present climatology of the East Asian winter (December-February) and summer (June-August) monsoons. The East Asian winter and summer monsoon changes over the 21st century were then projected using the results of 31 and 29 reliable climate models under the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) mid-range A1B scenario or the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) mid-low-range RCP4.5 scenario, respectively. Results showed that the East Asian winter monsoon changes little over time as a whole relative to the reference period 1980-1999. Regionally, it weakens (strengthens) north (south) of about 25°N in East Asia, which results from atmospheric circulation changes over the western North Pacific and Northeast Asia owing to the weakening and northward shift of the Aleutian Low, and from decreased north- west-southeast thermal and sea level pressure differences across Northeast Asia. In summer, monsoon strengthens slightly in East China over the 21st century as a consequence of an increased land-sea thermal contrast between the East Asian continent and the adjacent western North Pacific and South China Sea.     

图像目标语义层级结构及其非监督学习算法

根据场景图像中某些目标的特征间具有空间关联性和几何连贯性的空间语义属性,对特定场景的图像序列进行学习,首先提取各图像的尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)特征点,分析每对图像中各匹配特征点对间的几何连贯性,然后根据图像序列特征点矢量间的空间紧密程度进行聚类获得目标对象,从而得到基于空间关联性的一种新的图像语义层级结构(SBOSH),此层级结构图是通过非监督自动学习的过程获得的.由SBOSH结构图不仅可得到各节点上的目标对象,而且能够获得各节点间的空间交互性.所得的SBOSH结构图符合人对场景的逻辑分析,可以应用于场景分析、目标及目标局部精确定位和类目标的识别中.     

Application of artificial neural networks in global climate change and ecological research: An overview

Fields that employ artificial neural networks (ANNs) have developed and expanded continuously in recent years with the ongoing development of computer technology and artificial intelligence. ANN has been adopted widely and put into practice by researchers in light of increasing concerns over ecological issues such as global warming, frequent El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, and atmospheric circulation anomalies. Limitations exist and there is a potential risk for misuse in that ANN model parameters require typically higher overall sensitivity, and the chosen network structure is generally more dependent upon individual experience. ANNs, however, are relatively accurate when used for short-term predictions; despite global climate change research favoring the effects of interactions as the basis of study and the preference for long-term experimental research. ANNs remain a better choice than many traditional methods when dealing with nonlinear problems, and possesses great potential for the study of global climate change and ecological issues. ANNs can resolve problems that other methods cannot. This is especially true for situations in which measurements are difficult to conduct or when only incomplete data are available. It is anticipated that ANNs will be widely adopted and then further developed for global climate change and ecological research.     

冰箱试验包传热过程的仿真计算

建立了一个用于描述冰箱试验包传热过程的三维非稳态数学模型,模型考虑了试验包降温过程的物性变化,通过引入一个试验包边界导热系数折算因子来考虑由于其体积变化而造成的接触热阻.试验包的降温试验结果与预测值的比较表明:采用Morgan关联式计算试验包的表面传热系数精度较高,其值约为5～7W/(m2·K);试验包边界导热折算因子在10×10×10的网格划分下,其值约为0 1;试验包的温度预测值与实测值吻合得较好,模型可靠,可用于相变蓄能等类似问题的仿真计算.     

新桂系"自治"时期广西行政改革论析

行政改革是新桂系“自治”的主要内容之一。新桂系的行政改革有2步：一是自上而下,它包括行政层次的“扁平化”、编制新的行政区、推行“三位一体制”和培训行政(特别是县政)公务员;二是推行自下而上的村街民大会制度。这些都是有益的尝试。     

内蒙古岱海9种鲤科鱼LDH同工酶谱的比较研究

用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对岱海水体中９种鲤科鱼类进行了ＬＤＨ同工酶谱比较研究．结果表明，种间谱型有明显差异．同工酶谱经主成分分析（ＰＣＡ）表明，草鱼和瓦氏雅罗鱼被划为一类群，在分类学上它们属雅罗鱼亚科，红鲤和普鲫被划为一个类群，它们属于鲤亚科，而红锗、团头鲂和Ｈ．ｌｅｕｃｉｓｃｕｌｕｓ被划为另一类群，它们均属亚科；鳙和白链在分类学上属鲢亚科，同工酶分析表明：鳙接近鲤亚科，而白鲢更接近于亚科．可见，这些类群的划分与经典系统分类基本上一致，表明ＬＤＨ同工酶谱的主成分分析在鱼类分类和演化研究中是一可取的研究方法．     

无氯钾肥的生产现状及展望

介绍了当前我国无氯钾肥（特别是硫酸钾）的生产现状及各种工艺，在此基础上展望我国硫酸钾生产和研究的方向，并提出一条新的路线－热复分解升华法制硫酸钾。     

二(1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰吡唑啉酮-5)合钯(Ⅱ)的热分解机理

报道了二（１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰吡唑啉酮－５）合钯（Ⅱ）的合成、红外表征及非等温热分解动力学．采用微分和积分相结合的方法,推断出了可能的热分解机理及热力学方程．     

3C—SiC晶体薄膜的退火特性及其光荧光

采用HFCVD技术,通过两步CVD生长法,以CH4＋SiH4＋H2混合气体为生长源气,在Si衬底上生长3C－SiC晶体薄膜。对所制备的样品薄膜在氮气气氛中分别采取了快速退火和慢速退火处理,并对退火前后的样品进行了光荧光（PL）分析。结果显示,未经退火处理的样品其PL谱为一覆盖整个可见光区域展宽光谱线,主峰位置在520nm附近;经快速退火处理后样品的PL谱在450nm位置附近出现了又一较强峰,再经慢速退火处理后此峰基本消失,但室温PL峰发生红移。比较结果说明快速退火处理极易给3C－SiC晶体薄膜造成应力损伤。