高寒草甸土壤微生物量及酶活性的研究

为揭示高寒草甸土壤微生物量和土壤酶活性特征,以青藏高原金露梅(Potentilla frutisosa)丛间草地和矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis)草甸为研究对象,分析了其土壤理化性质、土壤微生物量、微生物贡献率、土壤酶活性特征.结果表明:矮嵩草草甸土壤全氮、全磷、微生物碳(氮、磷)、微生物氮(磷)贡献率、土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性均显著大于金露梅丛间草地;而土壤有效磷、磷酸酶活性均显著小于金露梅丛间草甸;2种类型草甸的土壤有机质、微生物碳贡献率没有显著差异;2种类型草甸的土壤微生物量对土壤营养库的贡献率均在较低水平.说明高寒草甸在植被生长旺季土壤微生物量呈现较高的水平;而微生物量对土壤营养库比值略偏低.矮嵩草草甸比金露梅丛间草地更有利于土壤养分的提高以及土壤微生物的生长和繁殖.     

三自由度双并联液压支架的设计与稳定性分析

针对现有四连杆型液压支架的立柱及顶梁均不能承受侧向力,侧向力通过掩护梁传递给连杆易造成倒架和支架机构损坏的原理性缺陷,提出一种基于3-RPC型并联机构的双并联液压支架的设计方案。文中对液压支架的工作空间进行分析,给出顶梁的运动轨迹公式;分析液压支架在偏载和大倾角工况下的受力情况,得出支架具有三向受力的特点,并给出准确的力学关系式;运用ADAMS软件对液压支架进行稳定性模拟仿真,验证了该并联液压支架的设计符合煤矿井下支护的要求,在技术上是可行的。     

双向地震作用下多层偏心结构的增量动力分析

以往的增量动力分析(Incremental Dynamic Analysis, IDA)研究主要是针对单向地震下的对称结构,而对于地震动的多维性、结构偏心引起的扭转效应的影响则考虑较少。为此,设计了一幢5层的偏心结构模型,选取Taft双向地震记录为双向激励对结构模型进行多维增量动力分析。分析了结构在地震下的扭转效应对边缘框架反应的放大作用,并基于IDA能力曲线对结构模型进行多性能水准抗震评估。通过算例分析得到以下结论:基于IDA的结构抗震评估方法,概念清晰,操作简单;偏心结构在双向地震下的扭转效应会导致部分边缘框架的反应放大,且地震强度越大这种放大效应越明显;当考虑双向地震作用时,直接采用建议的双向IDA方法进行结构性能分析更具合理性。     

改进的低复杂度BP译码算法

基于对数似然比的BP译码算法与标准BP译码算法相比,降低了一定的运算量,但仍具有较高的计算复杂度,硬件实现时需要消耗较高的资源。针对此问题,提出了一种变量节点动态更新选择的对数似然比BP译码算法,根据每一次迭代后变量节点外信息的收敛情况及校验方程的满足情况,动态地选择置信度最低的部分节点参与更新,其他置信度较高的节点则不进行更新。仿真结果显示,该算法译码性能与对数似然比BP译码算法相比,在0.5码率,10-4误码率时,1 024码长有0.1dB的性能损失,2 048码长性能损失仅有0.07dB,但从第4次迭代开始归一化运算量至少降低了50%。     

中韩共建知识产权服务机制研究

随着中韩自由贸易协定的签署,两国企业得到了更多的发展机会,同时也面临着更多的知识产权问题需要解决。本文通过梳理中韩知识产权服务机制的现状,探索了中韩共建知识产权服务机制的可能性和路径,对于未来中韩共建知识产权服务机制工作的展开具有一定参考价值。     

工业纯铝极薄带异步轧制过程中的织构演变

采用异步轧制工艺制备出工业纯铝极薄带,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对其织构演变和微观组织进行分析。结果表明,随着变形程度的增加,工业纯铝的晶粒主要向β取向线聚集,形变织构中铜型织构(C){112}〈111〉和黄铜型织构(B){011}〈211〉逐渐增强,轧至100μm厚时试样中晶体取向密度达到最大值26,轧至30μm厚时其取向密度值下降至16,并逐渐形成旋转立方织构(RC){100}〈011〉;形变储能剧烈增加诱发工业纯铝在室温下发生再结晶过程,使系统能量降低,导致织构强度下降。     

Burn-resistant behavior and mechanism of Ti14 alloy

The direct-current simulation burning method was used to investigate the burn-resistant behavior of Ti14 titanium alloy. The results show that Ti14 alloy exhibits a better burn resistance than TC4 alloy (Ti–6Al–4V). Cu is observed to preferentially migrate to the surface of Ti14 alloy during the burning reaction, and the burned product contains Cu, Cu₂O, and TiO₂. An oxide layer mainly comprising loose TiO₂ is observed beneath the burned product. Meanwhile, Ti₂Cu precipitates at grain boundaries near the interface of the oxide layer, preventing the contact between O₂ and Ti and forming a rapid diffusion layer near the matrix interface. Consequently, a multiple-layer structure with a Cu-enriched layer (burned product)/Cu-lean layer (oxide layer)/Cu-enriched layer (rapid diffusion layer) configuration is formed in the burn heat-affected zone of Ti14 alloy; this multiple-layer structure is beneficial for preventing O₂ diffusion. Furthermore, although Al can migrate to form Al₂O₃ on the surface of TC4 alloy, the burn-resistant ability of TC4 is unimproved because the Al₂O₃ is discontinuous and not present in sufficient quantity.     

Effect of shot peening on hydrogen embrittlement of high strength steel

The effect of shot peening (SP) on hydrogen embrittlement of high strength steel was investigated by electrochemical hydrogen charging, slow strain rate tensile tests, and hydrogen permeation tests. Microstructure observation, microhardness, and X-ray diffraction residual stress studies were also conducted on the steel. The results show that the shot peening specimens exhibit a higher resistance to hydrogen embrittlement in comparison with the no shot peening (NSP) specimens under the same hydrogen-charging current density. In addition, SP treatment sharply decreases the apparent hydrogen diffusivity and increases the subsurface hydrogen concentration. These findings are attributed to the changes in microstructure and compressive residual stress in the surface layer by SP. Scanning electron microscope fractographs reveal that the fracture surface of the NSP specimen exhibits the intergranular and quasi-cleavage mixed fracture modes, whereas the SP specimen shows only the quasi-cleavage fractures under the same hydrogen charging conditions, implying that the SP treatment delays the onset of intergranular fracture.     

Thermodynamic simulation of the effect of slag chemistry on the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory

The corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory against two kinds of industrial slags (coal slag and iron smelting slag) at 1550°C was investigated via thermodynamic simulations. In the proposed simulation model, the initial slag first attacks the matrix and surface aggregates and subsequently attacks the inner aggregates. The simulation results indicate that the slag chemistry strongly affects the phase formation and corrosion behavior of the refractory brick. Greater amounts of alumina were dissolved and spinel solid phases formed when the brick interacted with iron smelting slag. These phenomena, as well as the calculated lower viscosity, may lead to much deeper penetration than that exhibited by coal slag and to more severe corrosion compared to that induced by coal slag. The thermodynamic calculations well match the experimental observations, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed simulation model for evaluating the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory.     

显著边缘直接引导的动态模糊图像盲复原方法

针对主动视觉中运动载体和云台抖动导致图像模糊的问题,提出一种显著边缘直接引导的动态模糊图像盲复原方法。为了克服经典 Canny 算子只能对边缘进行标注的缺陷,设计了图像边缘搜索-增强算法,并基于此提出了仅依据图像中显著边缘邻域完成点扩散函数优化估计的方法;为解决传统残差图像方法不能适应预测图像错位的问题,提出图像解模糊的递归残差修正算法来抑制复原图像波动;设计了图像复原的分层迭代处理流程,保证模糊图像复原的可靠性和精度。理想光照条件下的仿真表明,算法能准确恢复模糊图像的边缘,同时抑制复原图像中的波动。非理想光照条件下的仿真也验证了算法对环境有良好的适应性,具有较高的实际应用价值。