超线性收敛可行方法的研究进展Ⅰ:SQP类方法

非线性约束最优化的超线性收敛可行方法是一个具有重要理论意义和实用价值的研究方向，最近该方向得到广泛而深入的研究，获得一系列新的研究成果，如SQP类方法、序列线性方程组类方法和显式搜索方向类方法。本文介绍可行SQP类方法的最近研究成果，并采用一个拓广的SQP模型统一分析各种算法的超线性收敛性。     

改性壳聚糖吸附剂对水中低浓度汞的吸附

制备了几种改性壳聚糖吸附剂,通过优化试验确定了制备改性壳聚糖吸附剂的乙酸/壳聚糖浓度配比及固化碱液条件,并比较了不同吸附剂对Hg2+的吸附性能.以分子印迹法结合交联胺化改性法制备的Hg2+分子印迹改性壳聚糖吸附剂小球(P-C-CTS-ex(Hg0.3))对Hg2+具有最高的吸附容量,在低浓度Hg2+(CHg2+<40mg/L)溶液中,此吸附剂对Hg2+的吸附容量可达9.017 mg/g,比未改性壳聚糖(CTS)的吸附量高出1倍以上.研究还揭示了交联前Hg2+对壳聚糖分子中的活性氨基的保护功能及除Hg2+后的分子印迹作用.循环再生实验表明,P-C-CTS-ex(Hg0.3)经过8个循环以后的吸附容量保持稳定,颜色与外观等基本不变,重复使用性能稳定;而未改性CTS吸附剂经过"吸附-脱附-再生"8个循环后,球体积明显变小,颜色逐渐变黄,吸附容量不稳定.这表明本研究制备的Hg2+分子印迹改性壳聚糖吸附剂的吸附容量和再生性能均明显优于普通壳聚糖吸附剂,具有应用于含Hg废水处理的潜力.     

激光刻蚀金、铜纳米粒子岛膜的表面增强拉曼散射特性研究

采用激光刻蚀法在水溶液中分别制备了金纳米粒子和铜纳米粒子.通过电镜、原子力显微镜和紫外—可见吸收光谱对它们的结构和光学性质进行了表征.将所得纳米粒子沉积在铝片的表面,获得了具有良好拉曼增强效果的金属岛膜.利用表面增强拉曼散射对4-巯基吡啶在金、铜岛膜上的吸附特性进行了对比研究,推测出4-巯基吡啶在金岛膜上采用垂直于表面的吸附取向,在铜岛膜上具有倾斜于表面的吸附取向.     

Preparation of composite tubular grafts for vascular repair via electrospinning

A novel type of composite vascular graft was developed via electrospinning in the present investigation.Collagen and chitosan were blended to form the inner and outer layer.Poly(1-lactide-co-caprolacto...     

Constrained Consensus of Continuous-Time Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Networks with Nonconvex Constraints and Delays

Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - This paper studies the continuous-time constrained consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent networks with nonconvex input and velocity constraints, where...     

几个扩展基础上的载荷试验及其蠕变行为研究

应用一个新的模型分析了几个扩展基础载荷试验,着重揭示前人无法解释的土体的蠕变行为。发现:使用的模型能够表征扩展基础载荷试验下土体的蠕变行为,且经模型变换后的应变时间曲线在双对数轴上是一条直线,其斜率为模型的指数n值,且n的取值与模型的参考量无关;载荷试验下土体蠕变行为的原始数据受到木制反力梁的自重蠕变、卸载-再加载、不等的蠕变观察时间等三个因素的干扰,当剔除这些干扰后得到的n值荷载水平曲线,显示n值与应力水平无关,n可以被看作表征土体的蠕变特性的一个指标。     

设立共享的信息和实验技术装备支持系统的必要性和对策

运用自然辩证法的科学技术观原理,讨论在我国设立共享的为科学服务的属于社会支持系统的信息支持系统和实验技术装备支持系统的必要性,并在分析现状的基础上,提出我国建立共享的信息支持系统和实验技术装备支持系统的对策。     

圆形均匀带电薄板电场的数值积分和可视化

利用均匀带电圆环在直角坐标系中的电势和电场强度的2个分量的公式,推导了均匀带电圆形薄板的电势和电场强度的2个分量的积分公式.将积分公式无量纲化,采用数值积分法计算电势和场强的值,绘制曲面、二维等势线和电场线.     

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta identifies mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced engraftment to tissue injury and pro-angiogenic property

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous likely consisting of subpopulations with various therapeutic potentials. Here we attempted to acquire a subset of MSCs with enhanced effect in wound healing. We found that human placental MSCs expressing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor (PDGFR)-β exhibited greater proliferation rates and generated more colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F), compared to PDGFR-β^? MSCs. Notably, PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs expressed higher levels of pro-angiogenic factors such as Ang1, Ang2, VEGF, bFGF and PDGF. When 10⁶ GFP-expressing MSCs were topically applied into excisional wounds in mice, PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs actively incorporated into the wound tissue, resulting in enhanced engraftment (3.92 ± 0.31 × 10⁵ remained in wound by 7 days) and accelerated wound closure; meanwhile, PDGFR-β^? MSCs tended to remain on the top of the wound bed with significantly fewer cells (2.46 ± 0.26 × 10⁵) engrafted into the wound, suggesting enhanced chemotactic migration and engraftment of PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs into the wound. Real-Time PCR and immunostain analyses revealed that the expression of PDGF-B was upregulated after wounding; transwell migration assay showed that PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs migrated eightfold more than PDGFR-β^? MSCs toward PDGF-BB. Intriguingly, PDGFR-β⁺ MSC-treated wounds showed significantly enhanced angiogenesis compared to PDGFR-β^? MSC- or vehicle-treated wounds. Thus, our results indicate that PDGFR-β identifies a subset of MSCs with enhanced chemotactic migration to wound injury and effect in promoting angiogenesis and wound healing, implying a greater therapeutic potential for certain diseases.     

介孔固体新材料氧化硅气凝胶的研究

氧化硅气凝胶是一种低密度、高孔隙率的纳米非晶固态材料,也是一种极具应用前景的介孔固体材料．采用溶胶－凝胶法和超临界干燥技术,制备出品质优良的二氧化硅气凝胶,采用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ、ＢＥＴ等手段对样品的比表面积、孔隙率及力学性质等进行了初步研究．