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Integrative genomic analyses identify MITF as a lineage survival oncogene amplified in malignant melanoma 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Garraway LA Widlund HR Rubin MA Getz G Berger AJ Ramaswamy S Beroukhim R Milner DA Granter SR Du J Lee C Wagner SN Li C Golub TR Rimm DL Meyerson ML Fisher DE Sellers WR 《Nature》2005,436(7047):117-122
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Solit DB Garraway LA Pratilas CA Sawai A Getz G Basso A Ye Q Lobo JM She Y Osman I Golub TR Sebolt-Leopold J Sellers WR Rosen N 《Nature》2006,439(7074):358-362
The kinase pathway comprising RAS, RAF, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) is activated in most human tumours, often through gain-of-function mutations of RAS and RAF family members. Using small-molecule inhibitors of MEK and an integrated genetic and pharmacologic analysis, we find that mutation of BRAF is associated with enhanced and selective sensitivity to MEK inhibition when compared to either 'wild-type' cells or cells harbouring a RAS mutation. This MEK dependency was observed in BRAF mutant cells regardless of tissue lineage, and correlated with both downregulation of cyclin D1 protein expression and the induction of G1 arrest. Pharmacological MEK inhibition completely abrogated tumour growth in BRAF mutant xenografts, whereas RAS mutant tumours were only partially inhibited. These data suggest an exquisite dependency on MEK activity in BRAF mutant tumours, and offer a rational therapeutic strategy for this genetically defined tumour subtype. 相似文献