Disturbed release of lipoprotein from ethanol-induced fatty liver

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass in der Ethanol-induzierten Fettleber der Ratte die « High Density Lipoprotein »-Synthese nicht beeinflusst und eine gestörte Freisetzung von Lipoproteinen aus der Leber angedeutet war.     

Effective Palladium（Ⅱ） Catalyst for Oxypalladation of Alkene

A variety of Pd（ Ⅱ ）-catalyzed oxidative transformations ot allcenes with oxygen nucleophiles are catalyzed by PdXa（X=OAc, Cl, etc） with CuX.（ n = 1 or 2） under O2. In the so-called Wacker catalyst of such,Pd（OAe）2 is less reactive compared to PdCl2. In an attempt to increase the reactivity of Pd（OAe）2, we have now found that tuning of Cu site with catechol gives an intriguing reactivity to Pd（OAc）2, which is unprecedented in the chemistry of palladium.     

Liver regeneration: Cultural characteristics of remnant liver cells following a second partial hepatectomy

Summary When a 38% hepatic resection (rat) is followed in 24–72 h by a 30% hepatic resection (in the same animal), in vitro cell survival is observed in liver remnant tissue removed at any interval following the second resection.     

First-order transition in confined water between high-density liquid and low-density amorphous phases

Supercooled water and amorphous ice have a rich metastable phase behaviour. In addition to transitions between high- and low-density amorphous solids, and between high- and low-density liquids, a fragile-to-strong liquid transition has recently been proposed, and supported by evidence from the behaviour of deeply supercooled bilayer water confined in hydrophilic slit pores. Here we report evidence from molecular dynamics simulations for another type of first-order phase transition--a liquid-to-bilayer amorphous transition--above the freezing temperature of bulk water at atmospheric pressure. This transition occurs only when water is confined in a hydrophobic slit pore with a width of less than one nanometre. On cooling, the confined water, which has an imperfect random hydrogen-bonded network, transforms into a bilayer amorphous phase with a perfect network (owing to the formation of various hydrogen-bonded polygons) but no long-range order. The transition shares some characteristics with those observed in tetrahedrally coordinated substances such as liquid silicon, liquid carbon and liquid phosphorus.     

The let-23 gene necessary for Caenorhabditis elegans vulval induction encodes a tyrosine kinase of the EGF receptor subfamily

The let-23 gene is required for induction of the Caenorhabditis elegans vulva. It is shown that let-23 encodes a putative tyrosine kinase of the epidermal growth factor receptor subfamily. Thus, let-23 might encode the receptor for the inductive signal required for vulval development. Because let-23 acts upstream of let-60 ras in the vulval determination pathway, the identification of the let-23 product provides support for a link in vivo between tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors and ras proteins in a pathway of cell-type determination.     

Irreversible inhibition of Ca2+ release in saponin-treated macrophages by the photoaffinity derivative of inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate

D-myo-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) is a putative intracellular second messenger for the mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, in particular, the endoplasmic reticulum. Specific binding sites on the endoplasmic reticulum may participate in the InsP3-induced release of Ca2+ from the Ca2+ pool. To examine the specific binding sites on the endoplasmic reticulum, we synthesized an arylazide derivative of InsP3 for photoaffinity labelling; InsP3 coupled to p-azidobenzoic acid (InsP3-pAB) using N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) was obtained at a 9-11% yield. Here, we report that InsP3-pAB, but not an arylazide derivative of inositol-1,4-bisphophate (Ins(1,4)P2), causes the irreversible inhibition of InsP3-induced release of Ca2+ in saponin-permeabilized photo-irradiated macrophages. The irreversible inhibition by InsP3-pAB after photo-irradiation was prevented by a 10-fold excess of unmodified InsP3.     

Experimental investigation of geologically produced antineutrinos with KamLAND

The detection of electron antineutrinos produced by natural radioactivity in the Earth could yield important geophysical information. The Kamioka liquid scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) has the sensitivity to detect electron antineutrinos produced by the decay of 238U and 232Th within the Earth. Earth composition models suggest that the radiogenic power from these isotope decays is 16 TW, approximately half of the total measured heat dissipation rate from the Earth. Here we present results from a search for geoneutrinos with KamLAND. Assuming a Th/U mass concentration ratio of 3.9, the 90 per cent confidence interval for the total number of geoneutrinos detected is 4.5 to 54.2. This result is consistent with the central value of 19 predicted by geophysical models. Although our present data have limited statistical power, they nevertheless provide by direct means an upper limit (60 TW) for the radiogenic power of U and Th in the Earth, a quantity that is currently poorly constrained.     

Subcutaneous transposition of the spleen enhances the survival rate following 90% hepatectomy in rats

The effects of subcutaneous transposition of the spleen (STS) on the survival rate following 90% hepatectomy were investigated in rats. The survival rate was significantly higher in the STS group than in the non-STS group. Light microscopy enabled us to note that congestion in the terminal portal veins and sinusoids occurred either slightly earlier or to a higher degree in the non-STS group.     

Immunological adjuvants IV. Relationship between adjuvant activity and antigenicity in mycobacterial adjuvant

Zusammenfassung Während sich bei Endotoxinen der Adjuvanseffekt proportional zur Antigenität verhält, ist diese Beziehung bei dem aus Tuberkelbazillen isolierten Wachs D nicht der Fall.