电化学制备Ni—Cu／Cu超晶格多层膜

采用单槽双脉冲恒电位制备了超晶格Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ／Ｃｕ多层膜,测试结果表明：Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ层与Ｃｕ层间界面清晰,各层均匀连续相互覆盖,具有良好的周期结构,Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ４．６ｎｍ／Ｃｕ３．４ｎｍ具有良好外延生长的超晶格结构,铜－镍生长的择优了向面为（１１１）晶面,该材料表现出特殊的阳极溶解性能。     

视网膜母细胞瘤基因产物部分性质的研究

研究Ｒｂ基因产物的代谢动力学和功能调节，发现整个细胞周期中都有Ｒｂ蛋白合成，其含量随细胞周期进行而变化，蛋白代谢的半衰期约为１１—１２小时，有非磷酸化和多种程度磷酸化形式。Ｒｂ蛋白的磷酸化水平是随细胞周期过程和细胞生长状态而变化的，在Ｇ０、Ｇ１期蛋白处于低磷酸化状态，到达Ｇ１／Ｓ界限，细胞获得磷酸化Ｒｂ蛋白的能力．     

稻纵卷叶螟幼虫寄生性天敌的种群特征与多样性分析(英文)

水稻卷叶螟的田间种群包括三个种,即稻纵卷叶螟(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis),和 MarasmiaPatnalis,M.exigua。1989年雨季在菲律宾吕宋岛上两个点进行的试验共分别记录了15(内湖省)和12(中吕宋)个种的幼虫寄生性天敌,它们分别攻击寄主卵～幼虫、幼虫和幼虫～蛹期,这些寄生性天敌分属于外寄生或内寄生,单寄生或多寄生,这种生物学特征上的差异为寄生性天敌提供了降低寄主种群的广大的机会。进一步的调查显示,那些攻击低龄寄主的种类具有高繁殖力的小个体的特征,而攻击高龄寄主的种类具有较宽的寄主范围且常常发育历期较短。多数天敌寄生于2或3龄幼虫,将寄主杀死于5龄之前,优势种及寄生率随寄主密度和水稻的生长期不同而变化。 根据Hill(1972)的多样性序列指数分析指出,当以N_2为标准时,在内湖省的整个水稻生育期内始终仅有2—3个种为极优势种,其数据适于用几何或对数序列进行描述。两个点的寄生性天敌种群多样性(N_2)接近于常数3—4,均匀度(E_5)与寄主幼虫密度呈负相关。因此,幼虫的寄生作用可被认为是一个抑制并稳定水稻卷叶螟田间种群的关键因子。     

用取向分布函数研究铜及铜锌合金的变形非均匀性

本文用三维取向分布函数研究了不同轧制变形程度、不同变形温度条件下铜及铜锌合金的显微结构非均匀性:显微带,机械孪生(孪生)和剪切带;并分析了其形成过程及对织构的影响。它们是金属不均匀变形的结果。显微带、铜型剪切带对织构的变化影响不大;孪生对织构的转变起关键作用;黄铜型剪切帝对织构的变化起重要作用。解释了不同条件下的金属变形机理。论述了孪生后的两种不同变形方式。     

Oscillation and noise determine signal transduction in shark multimodal sensory cells

Oscillating membrane potentials that generate rhythmic impulse patterns are considered to be of particular significance for neuronal information processing. In contrast, noise is usually seen as a disturbance which limits the accuracy of information transfer. We show here, however, that noise in combination with intrinsic oscillations can provide neurons with particular encoding properties, a discovery we made when recording from single electro-sensory afferents of a fish. The temporal sequence of the impulse trains indicates oscillations that operate near the spike-triggering threshold. The oscillation frequency determines the basic rhythm of impulse generation, but whether or not an impulse is actually triggered essentially depends on superimposed noise. The probability of impulse generation can be altered considerably by minor modifications of oscillation baseline and amplitude, which may underlie the exquisite sensitivity of these receptors to thermal and electrical stimuli. Additionally, thermal, but not electrical, stimuli alter the oscillation frequency, allowing dual sensory messages to be conveyed in a single spike train. These findings demonstrate novel properties of sensory transduction which may be relevant for neuronal signalling in general.     

Precise Synthesis of Organometallic Dendrimers

1 Introduction Dendrimers possessing a regularly branched architecture and large spherical dimensions have attracted significant attention because of their unique and tunable properties as well as their potential applications. The incorporation of organometallic species into dendritic molecules has been attracting much attention, because the addition of properties characteristic of organometallic complexes, such as magnetic, electronic, and photo-optical properties, as well as reactivity may l…     

Effects of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and benzo[a]pyrene on modulating vitellogenin expression in primary culture of crucian carp （Carassius auratus） hepatocytes

Vitellogenin (Vtg) is the precursor of yolk protein. Its expression and secretion are estrogen-regulated and are crucial for oocyte maturation. An in ritro xenoestrogen screening model was established by measuring Vtg induction in cultured primary hepatocytes from crucian carp. Vtg production was detected by biotin-avidin sandwich ELISA method while Vtg and cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA induction were measured by semi- quantitative PCR-primer dropping technique. Vtg and Vtg mRNA were dose-dependently induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES, 0.2-200 ng/mL) in hepatocytes of crucian carp. Co-treatment of the DES-induced hepatocytes with either 2,3,7,8-TCDD (TCDD, 0.1-4 pg/mL) or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P, 5-1000 ng/mL) resulted in a reduction of Vtg production and an increment of CYP1A1 mRNA expression both in a dose dependent manner, indicating the anti-estrogenic effects of the compounds. However, at lower tested concentrations, TCDD (0.1, 0.2 pg/mL), B[a]P (5 ng/mL)seemed to have a potentiating effect on Vtg expression and secretion, although by their own these compounds had no observable estrogenic effect on Vtg induction. Tamoxifen (a selective estrogen receptor modulators, 1 nmol/L-1μmol/L),and β-naphtho-flavone (β-NF, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor inducing compounds, 2.5-1000 ng/mL) also were employed to study the possible interactions in DES-induced Vtg expression. In co-treatment of the DES-induced hepatocytes with β-NF or tamoxifen, the decrease in Vtg production did parallel induction of CYP1A1 for β-NF, but tamoxifen inhibited Vtg induction did not parallel induced CYP1A1 expression in all test concentrations. On the contrary, it was found that in co-treatment of the TCDD-induced hepatocytes with DES, TCDD induced CYP1A1 mRNA production was inhibited by DES also. These results implicated a possible cross talk between estrogen receptor- and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated pathways in the hepatocytes.     

黄海周边河流的稀土元素地球化学及沉积物物源示踪

黄海周边的中韩主要河流悬浮沉积物中稀土元素组成不同, 韩国河流的稀土元素分异强于中国长江、黄河和鸭绿江, 表现为上陆壳标准化模式上明显的轻稀土相对富集. 不同级别的流域内源岩组成差异是形成这些河流稀土元素组成差异的主要因素. 稀土元素分异参数(La/Yb)_UCC和(Gd/Yb)_UCC, 以及稳定的La/Sc和Th/Sc元素比是识别进入黄海的中韩河流沉积物的可靠指标, 可以用于中国边缘海沉积物物源研究和古环境分析.     

燃烧系统的动力学

燃烧系统是可压缩流体中发生燃烧散热过程的场，在场的周围有边界条件的约束，内燃机中的汽缸和气轮机与火箭的燃烧室就是典型的燃烧系统的例子。本书全面地论述燃烧系统的动力学特性。