海上薄互层砂岩油藏层系划分及射孔优化方法——以蓬莱19-3油田为例

海上薄互层砂岩油藏小层层数多、厚度薄、展布范围有限,物性差异大,并且海上注采井距大,导致其层间干扰影响因素更为复杂,传统预测方法适用性差,层系划分及射孔优化难度大.针对海上薄互层砂岩油藏的储层发育特征,通过引入小层动态连通系数、小层流动能力系数、小层干扰系数等参数全面考虑不同井距条件下小层注采连通状况、小层物性、流体差异程度以及小层水淹程度等关键性因素;以蓬莱19-3油田为例,油藏工程和动态分析相结合建立了海上薄互砂岩油藏层间干扰规律定量预测方法;通过修正传统产能公式,建立了适用于海上薄互层砂岩油藏的定向井合采产能预测方法;研究方法在蓬莱19-3油田现场进行实例应用,预测精度高,实用性强,可有效指导新区开发井的层系划分及老区加密井的射孔优化等工作,应用效果理想.研究表明:海上薄互层砂岩油藏层间干扰主要受到小层注采连通状况、物性、流体以及水淹程度等因素的影响;建议将流动能力级差5.0作为海上薄互层砂岩油藏的层系划分标准,后期选择合理时机进行层系调整,减缓层间干扰.可见研究方法考虑因素全面,预测精度高,现场实用性强,能够为此类油田的新区开发井的层系划分及老区加密井射孔优化提供有力支持.     

避险车道末端消能轮胎布置方式对吸能特性的影响

避险车道末端的消能轮胎是对制动床上失控车辆进行强制减速消能的设施,消能轮胎的布置方式影响消能性能.为此,首先利用LS-Dyna软件建立8R22.5轮胎有限元模型并验证;其次对轮胎进行径向压缩试验和轴向压缩试验;最后使用整车模型与消能轮胎分别进行水平堆放和竖直堆放碰撞试验.从失控车辆速度、加速度以及碰撞接触力等方面分别对两种堆放布置方式进行对比研究.仿真结果表明:竖直堆放布置方式的消能轮胎的制动效率比水平堆放高,且更适合运用于场地条件受限制的避险车道末端;采用水平堆放布置方式的消能轮胎在最大吸能量以及对车辆及乘员的保护性能方面效果更好,场地条件允许情况下应优先采用水平堆放的布置方式.     

A successful mountain rescue operation in Yushu Earthquake

On April 14,2010,an earthquake reaching 7.1 Richter scale struck Jiegu Town of Yushu.More than 2 698 people were confirmed dead,and 12 135 were injured,of which 1 434 were severely injured.Rescue operation was carried out soon after the disaster;however,the rescue teams face great challenges of altitude hypoxia,freezing temperature and very bad weather.Thus,1 434 severe injuries were rapidly transported airlifted to hospitals in Xining and neighboring provinces for effective treatment.The extremity trauma (49.9 %) was the most common pattern of injuries.Asphyxia (40.8 %) was by far the most important reason for death.A high incidence of acute altitude illness in the lowland rescuers was a special medical problem during the highest earthquake in Yushu.We have learned more lessons from Yushu Earthquake.     

OBS网络中基于优先级与突发包分割的光缓存方法研究

为了提高OBS网络的QoS,降低数据包的丢失率,研究了现有的基于优先级与突发包分割的OBS光缓存方法,提出了一种改进的基于优先级与突发包分割的光缓存方法.该方法综合考虑了其他空闲信道和FDL,并引入了空闲信道剩余时间对FDL延迟时间的判断,能够更加有效地判断数据包的丢失与否,从而确保数据包的低丢失率,保证OBS的QoS,提高整个网络的性能.     

低熔点低粘度的季铵盐类离子液体的合成与表征

烷基链的长短和对称性影响着四烷基季铵离子液体的理化性质,影响着其应用前景.本实验室设计、合成了系列新型丁基三乙基季铵型功能化离子液体,该类离子液体与之前报道的相应离子液体相比,具有相对较低的熔点,同时也具有更低的粘度.合成的离子液体中阴离子分别是三氟甲基磺酰根((CF3SO2)2N-)、六氟磷酸根(PF6-)、四氟硼酸根(BF4-)、硫酸氢根(HSO4-)、硫氰酸根(SCN-)和对甲苯磺酸根(PTSA-);利用核磁共振仪、密度仪、热分析仪、黏度仪、元素分析仪对其进行表征;研究了其与常规溶剂的相溶性,并对其结构和性质之间的关系进行探讨.     

低能量导爆索弯曲传爆特性相关研究

利用非线性动力分析软件LS-DYNA3D,对低能量导爆索弯曲条件下的传爆进行了数值模拟和实验研究。结果显示在截面相同情况下,无论是爆轰波波阵面压力还是爆速在经过圆弧段弯曲后,都相应地产生损失,相比直线传爆数据发生下降。对于弧形弯曲,相当于爆轰波经过连续的不变的小拐角绕射,这种情况下的爆速低于直线传播的爆速。     

自共轭置换子群对群p-幂零性的影响

有限群G的一个子群H叫做自共轭置换子群,如果对于任意x∈G,由HHx=HxH可推出H=Hx.通过研究p阶和4阶循环子群的自共轭置换性来讨论有限群的p-幂零性.     

Design of an anti-jamming GPS receiver based on orthogonal projection method

Code delay and Doppler shifted frequency could not be captured by using the conventional GPS receiver in strong interference environments because the received GPS signals which traveled a long distance are very weak. An anti-jamming GPS receiver is proposed. The interferences in the received signals are cancelled by using subspace projecting technique, and the resulting interference-free signals are processed by a weight vector which maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio. Simulation is conducted, and the resu...     

Research on the technology of femtosecond laser micromachining based on image edge tracing

Aiming at fabrication of complex microstructures and micro-patterns, a kind of femtosecond laser micromachining technology based on the BMP image edge tracing was proposed. We introduced the general principle of this technology and discussed the implementation of the machining paths extraction, optimization, tracing and the feedback of the machining procession in detail. On the basis of this technology, control software for femtosecond laser micromachining was developed. Furthermore, we have accomplished the fabrication of complicated two-dimensional (2D) micro-patterns on a copper thin film. The results indicate that this technology can be used for digital control micromachining of complex patterns or microstructures at micron and submicron scales by femtosecond laser.     

GN海带新品系脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱联用分析

首次用乙醇提取、甲酯化处理的方法,对GN海带新品系脂肪酸的化学成分采用GC-MS技术进行分析研究。结果表明:海带中含有10种不饱和脂肪酸,占37.98%,其中亚油酸占9.29%,γ-亚麻酸占3.74%,EPA占1.12%,DHA占0.63%,花生四烯酸占4.9%;含有4种饱和脂肪酸,占56.22%的,其中棕榈酸(又名软脂酸)的含量高达36.23%。为海带新品系在生物制药和营养保健品领域的深度开发应用提供了科学依据。