With the development of China’s economy, environmental pollution has become cumulatively serious. The primary source of environmental pollution is thermal power generation, which has attracted the attention of governments and academia in recent years. To effectively reduce environmental pollution, research should study how to constrain the undesirable output of thermal power plants, that is, to limit the total undesirable output of the plants to a certain fixed sum. However, few studies have suggested that these undesirable outputs should be fixed-sum outputs. Moreover, no previous research publication about thermal power plants has analyzed their environmental performance changes. To address these gaps, a novel Malmquist-DEA approach is proposed for evaluate the environmental performance of thermal power plants in this paper. This approach generalizes the equilibrium efficient frontier DEA model with fixed-sum undesirable outputs and incorporates the model into the Malmquist productivity index (MPI). The authors apply this approach to the analysis of provincial thermal power plant environmental performance in China and analyze such plants’ trends based on panel data from 2011 to 2014. The empirical research shows that the environmental performance of regional thermal power plants was positively affected by efficiency change and negatively affected by technical change. Finally, the authors provide policy suggestions based on our findings.
This paper presents a new implementation of a high-definition image-processing engine,which mainly targets the 3-dimensional(3D)visualization and stereo video stream display of binocular display equipment.The engine is compatible with the mainstream analog and digital stereo videos in component format and is able to receive stereo composite video broadcast signals using an integrated analog stereo video decoder.The four modules include a spatiotemporal scaling transform engine,a 2D–3D converter,an image animating engine,and a 2D scalar operating in pipeline architecture to implement the video format conversion and the stereo effect enhancement.Furthermore,the data access,hardware structure,and system-level configurations are optimized.Finally,the proposed architecture is realized by 0.18 lm CMOS technology.The application-specific integrated circuit verification results show that the engine can generate a strong feeling of 3D immersion and highdefinition image quality with minimal flicker.The chip has wide compatibility and an uppermost 1080P-processing capacity,which has approximately 3.5 million gates with about 43 mm2 die size. 相似文献
The positive partial transposition(PPT)criterion and the realignment criterion constitute two of the most important criteria for detecting entanglement.The generalized partial transposition(GPT)criterion which contains the PPT criterion and the realignment criterion as special cases,provides a necessary condition for a multipartite state to be separable.Here we extend the GPT criterion to the infinitedimensional multipartite(bipartite)case and show that it includes multipartite(bipartite)PPT criterion and multipartite(bipartite)realignment criterion as special cases as well. 相似文献