原子簇Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2结构的理论研究

根据非晶态结构的短程有序,Ni,Co和B之间是较强的化学作用以及存在B-B直接相连的实验事实,利用原子簇模型Ni1-mComB2(m=0,1)和Ni2-nConB2(n=0,1,2)对Ni-B,Co-B,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金用DFT方法进行高水平的量子化学计算.结果表明,模型体系Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2中,B原子供给Ni原子、Co原子电子,这与非晶态合金的实验结果一致.     

聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的低成本原料

介绍了几种用于聚氨酯硬质泡沫生产的原料，确定了以废聚酯瓶为原料，生产聚氨酯硬质泡沫的解聚条件为：聚酯瓶料粒径3mm左右，料瓶／醇为1：2，醋酸锌为催化剂，温度210℃。试验表明，把废聚酯瓶作为一种聚氨酯硬质泡沫的组合料来源是完全可能的。     

基于VTK的医学图像三维重建系统的设计与实现

VTK(The Visualization Toolkits)是一个基于面向对象方法设计的、功能强大的可视化和图形图像处理的工具箱。文中针对医学图形图像处理的需要和特点，利用VTK的图像处理和可视化及图形显示功能，用面向对象的方法设计和实现了一个医学图形图像处理系统Med3REC，为虚拟现实和医学图像归档及传输系统的开发奠定了基础。     

不同保水剂基质对马占相思育苗效果的影响

采用STOCKOSORB保水剂作为基质添加剂,以马占相思苗高、地径、苗高与地径比、根茎和苗干重等指标,综合评价保水剂在不同基质中对育苗效果的影响。结果表明,在育苗基质中施用保水剂可以明显促进苗木的高生长和地径生长,提高生物量和干物质的积累,但不影响苗木的根茎比。实验还发现珍珠岩添加3.0 g/袋保水剂处理所得的苗木品质优良,苗高与地径比为89.39,根茎比为0.209,苗高、地径、苗木各部分干重分别比不施用保水剂的对照增加,说明施用保水剂能有效地改善珍珠岩的水分状况。生产中考虑成本和效果等多种因素,则1.8 g/袋的保水剂用量具有较好的综合效果。     

对匀速直线运动目标跟踪的转换坐标卡尔曼滤波算法

文章根据某型雷达对空间匀速直线运动目标的跟踪要求，采用了转换坐标卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法．在转换坐标卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法中，球坐标系下互相独立的观测噪声变换到直角坐标系下时将变成相关噪声，在解出此相关噪声的方差后即可按标准的卡尔曼滤波算法对目标进行跟踪，仿真结果显示，该算法收敛迅速，精度可以满足雷达对空间机动目标的跟踪要求．     

碳纳米管负载Mo-Co-S加氢脱氮催化剂研究

用多壁碳纳米管(简写为CNTs)作载体制备负载型Mo Co S催化剂,x%MoiCoj/CNTs(x%为质量百分数),以乙腈和吡咯的加氢脱氮(HDN)作为探针反应,考察它们在该类催化剂上加氢脱氮的反应化学行为,并与γ Al2O3 和活性炭(AC)分别负载参比样作比较研究.实验发现,在583 K,0.1 MPa,CH3CN/H2 =2.3/97.7(mol/mol),GHSV=2 200 mL(STP)·h-1·(g catal.)-1的反应条件下,在7.2%Mo3Co1/CNTs催化剂上,所观测乙腈 HDN的比反应速率达到 0.51μmol CH3CN·s-1·(mmol Mo)-1,是γ Al2O3 和AC分别负载相同Mo3Co1 载量催化剂的1.46和1.76倍,相应各自最佳Mo3Co1 载量催化剂的1.89和2.55倍.相似的反应化学行为在吡咯 HDN反应中也观测到.对比研究表明,用 CNTs代替γ Al2O3 或AC作为催化剂载体并不导致所负载Mo3Co1 催化剂上乙腈或吡咯HDN反应的表观活化能发生明显变化.H2 TPR研究揭示,与γ Al2O3 或AC负载的体系相比,CNTs负载催化剂具有较高的可还原性:不仅表现在其还原所需温度较低,还表现在较高的还原“比耗氢量”,后者暗示有较多的高价 Mon+ 物种可被还原至具催化活性的较低价态(Mo4+);在另一方面,CNTs载体对H2 优异的吸附活化性能可期在工作态催化剂表面营造较高氢稳态浓度的表面氛围;这两方面的因素都有助于乙腈或吡咯加氢脱氮反     

长江流域棉花种植面积变化遥感监测--以安庆市和池州市为例

决定棉花产量的关键因素之一是棉花的种植面积,适时准确地掌握棉花的种植面积对于科学指导棉花生产具有十分重要的意义.文章以安庆市、池州市为例,系统地介绍了在棉花种植面积遥感监测过程中,通过土地利用背景数据库建设,以及基于背景数据的棉花种植面积遥感解译,准确地监测了棉花种植面积及其变化率.结果显示长江流域棉花主要集中分布于沿江的洲圩区,其次分布于沿江的岗地和丘陵;在2001～2002年度,棉花种植面积变化主要是减少,在2002～2003年度,棉花种植面积变化主要是增加.究其变化的原因,主要受棉花市场价格和气候条件的影响.     

Simulated and reconstructed winter temperature in the eastern China during the last millennium

Since the 1990s, under the auspicious impetus of two international research programs, the “Past Global Changes” (PAGES) and the “Climate Variability and Pre- dictability” (CLIVAR), massive research work has been carried out on climate and environment changes over the past 2000 years[1-3]. But majority of the studies has been centered on obtaining various kinds of climatic proxy data (such as historical documents, tree rings, ice cores, lake cores) and focused on the reconstruction of…     

In situ measurements of the physical characteristics of Titan's environment

On the basis of previous ground-based and fly-by information, we knew that Titan's atmosphere was mainly nitrogen, with some methane, but its temperature and pressure profiles were poorly constrained because of uncertainties in the detailed composition. The extent of atmospheric electricity ('lightning') was also hitherto unknown. Here we report the temperature and density profiles, as determined by the Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument (HASI), from an altitude of 1,400 km down to the surface. In the upper part of the atmosphere, the temperature and density were both higher than expected. There is a lower ionospheric layer between 140 km and 40 km, with electrical conductivity peaking near 60 km. We may also have seen the signature of lightning. At the surface, the temperature was 93.65 +/- 0.25 K, and the pressure was 1,467 +/- 1 hPa.     

Centennial-scale climate cooling with a sudden cold event around 8,200 years ago

The extent of climate variability during the current interglacial period, the Holocene, is still debated. Temperature records derived from central Greenland ice cores show one significant temperature anomaly between 8,200 and 8,100 years ago, which is often attributed to a meltwater outflow into the North Atlantic Ocean and a slowdown of North Atlantic Deep Water formation--this anomaly provides an opportunity to study such processes with relevance to present-day freshening of the North Atlantic. Anomalies in climate proxy records from locations around the globe are often correlated with this sharp event in Greenland. But the anomalies in many of these records span 400 to 600 years, start from about 8,600 years ago and form part of a repeating pattern within the Holocene. More sudden climate changes around 8,200 years ago appear superimposed on this longer-term cooling. The compounded nature of the signals implies that far-field climate anomalies around 8,200 years ago cannot be used in a straightforward manner to assess the impact of a slowdown of North Atlantic Deep Water formation, and the geographical extent of the rapid cooling event 8,200 years ago remains to be determined.