全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9762篇 |
免费 | 216篇 |
国内免费 | 553篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 1439篇 |
丛书文集 | 222篇 |
教育与普及 | 1866篇 |
理论与方法论 | 126篇 |
现状及发展 | 443篇 |
研究方法 | 557篇 |
综合类 | 5836篇 |
自然研究 | 42篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 36篇 |
2018年 | 45篇 |
2017年 | 63篇 |
2016年 | 63篇 |
2015年 | 71篇 |
2014年 | 144篇 |
2013年 | 79篇 |
2012年 | 370篇 |
2011年 | 426篇 |
2010年 | 170篇 |
2009年 | 75篇 |
2008年 | 410篇 |
2007年 | 543篇 |
2006年 | 652篇 |
2005年 | 828篇 |
2004年 | 543篇 |
2003年 | 614篇 |
2002年 | 429篇 |
2001年 | 383篇 |
2000年 | 409篇 |
1999年 | 263篇 |
1998年 | 127篇 |
1997年 | 75篇 |
1996年 | 77篇 |
1995年 | 59篇 |
1994年 | 74篇 |
1993年 | 128篇 |
1992年 | 115篇 |
1991年 | 113篇 |
1990年 | 97篇 |
1989年 | 115篇 |
1988年 | 176篇 |
1987年 | 191篇 |
1986年 | 222篇 |
1985年 | 213篇 |
1984年 | 235篇 |
1983年 | 214篇 |
1982年 | 208篇 |
1981年 | 178篇 |
1980年 | 150篇 |
1979年 | 71篇 |
1964年 | 34篇 |
1960年 | 27篇 |
1959年 | 111篇 |
1958年 | 187篇 |
1957年 | 102篇 |
1956年 | 108篇 |
1955年 | 103篇 |
1954年 | 88篇 |
1946年 | 34篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
DonL.Anderson 《科学通报(英文版)》2004,49(19):2017-2020
Scaling relations are important in extrapolating laboratory experiments to the Earth‘s mantle. In planetary interiors, compression becomes an important parameter and it is useful to explore scalings that involve volume. I use simple volume scaling relations that allow one to extrapolate laboratory experiments and upper mantle behavior, in a thermodynamically self-consistent way, to predict lower mantle behavior. The relations are similar to the quasi-har-monic approximation. Slabs and plates have characteristic dimensions of hundreds of kilometers and time constants of 100 million years, but the volume scalings predict order of magnitude higher values in the deep mantle. The scaling relations imply that the deep mantle is a sluggish system with ancient features. They imply irreversible chemical stratification and do not favor the plume hypothesis. 相似文献
142.
Wen Jun Zhang Rui & Lu Xianliang . Computer Institute University of Electronic Science Technology of China Chengdu P. R. China . Datacraft Corporation Chengdu P. R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2005,16(1)
1.INTRODUCTION Recentanalysesofvariouspacket basednetworking showthatnetworktraffichasvariabilityovermany timescales.Itsperformancedifferswithresultsof queuetheorythatisbasedonthePoissondistribu tion.Statisticalanalysesoflargetrafficdatasetshave revealedthatthestatisticalcharacteristicsofrealtraf ficmaybebestdescribedbyself similarity.Self simi larityimpliesthepresenceoflong rangedependence (LRD)inthetraffic.Thatis,thereexistnon negli giblepositivecorrelationintheburstbehaviorofthe … 相似文献
143.
Lu Kun & Liu XingzhaoDepartment of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai P.R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2005,16(1)
1.INTRODUCTION High frequencyskywaveover the horizonradarcan providearange coverageofupto4000kmbymeans oftherefractionwithintheionosphere.Butthesignal contaminationsufferedindoubleionospherictransit, especially,thenonstationarityoftheionosphereren derstheechospectrumdistortedandresolutionofco herentintegrationtechniquethatiswidelyappliedin theradarsystemsisdegradedextremely. InsomeapplicationsofHFskywaveradar,some complexgeophysicalmechanismsincludedthevaria tionoftheionospheremaypro… 相似文献
144.
Wang Xingyuan & Yang Xu . Shandong University Jinan P. R. China. Shandong Institute of Architecture Engineering Jinan P. R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2005,16(1)
1.INTRODUCTION Tocontrolthequalityoftheproducts,wemustsu pervisethequalityindexesandanalyzethechanging tendency.Therearealotofstatisticaltoolsincom monuse,themosteffectivemethodisacontrol chart.Itcangrasptheabnormalsymptomofatrend ofthequalityofproductsincontrollingprocessand makethequalitypreventionpossible.Butfromits workingprocessweknowthismethodalsohassome limitation.Becausethecontrolchartonlydetermines theaveragevalueandlimitinterval,onecanonly judgethequalitystateofproductsstatica… 相似文献
145.
He You Dong Yunlong & Wang GuohongInstitute of Information Fusion Naval Aeronautical Engineering Institute Yantai P. R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2005,16(2)
1.INTRODUCTION Inpractice,radarsoftenoperateasynchronouslyandpro videdataatdifferentrateswithdifferentcommunication timedelays,thustheproblemofdatafusioninradarnet workingsystemisasynchronousinsteadofsynchronous. However,theresearchinthefieldofdatafusionfocuses onthesynchronousproblems,andthemeasurementsof differentsensorsarealwayspredictedatthesametimefor updatingKalmanfiltersynchronously.Thisapproachis complicatedforengineering,anditwillreducethedata ratesofthesystem,atthesametimethee… 相似文献
146.
Dong Daoyi & Chen ZonghaiDepartment of Automation University of Science Technology of China Hefei P. R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2005,16(2)
1.INTRODUCTION Quantumtheoryisoneofthemostimportantachieve mentsinthe20thcentury,anditdisclosesthestruc tures,characteristicsandmotionlawsofmatterinthe microcosmicfieldandleadsusfromthemacroscopical worldintomicrosystems.Aseriesofnewphenomena whicharedifferentfromclassicalsystemshavebeen discovered,suchasquantumentanglement,quantum coherenceanduncertainty.Meanwhile,quantum theoryandquantummethodsarealsowidelyusedin differentfieldssuchaschemicalreaction,geneticen gineering,atomicphysicsandi… 相似文献
147.
Gao Ying & Xie Shengli. Department of Electronic Communication Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou P. R. China . Department of Computer Science Technology Guangzhou University Guangzhou P. R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2005,16(2)
1.INTRODUCTION Adaptiveechocancellersarewidelyemployedintele conferencingsystemsinordertocompensateforthe impairmentinthequalityduotoundesiredechoesre sultingfromcouplingbetweenloudspeakerandmicro phone.Inastereophonicenvironment,thefunda mentalproblemofechocancellationisthatgiventhe inputtotheloudspeakersandtheoutputofthemicro phonesinthereceivingroom,theechopathcannot bedetermineduniquely[3,8,9].Theproblemisdueto thecorrelationbetweenthestereosignals.Asare sult,anyadaptivetechniqueusedi… 相似文献
148.
1.INTRODUCTION Sincethefirstpaperonfuzzysetswaspublished,fuzzy logiccontrol(FLC)hasattractedgreatattentionfrom boththeacademicandindustrialcommunities.Much progresshasbeenmadeinsuccessfullyapplyingFLCto industrialcontrolsystems.Manytheoreticalresultsabout stabilityanalysisanddesignoffuzzylogiccontrollersys temshavealsobeenobtained.Amongvariouskindsoffuzzycontrolmethods,manycontroldesignmethodshavebeenproposedon theTakagi Sugeno(T S)fuzzymodel[1].Thebasic ideaofthesemethodsincludestwos… 相似文献
149.
Ma Runnian Lei Sheping & Liu Naigong. Telecommunication Engineering Inst. Air Force Engineering Univ. Xi’an P. R. China . Key Lab of Information Sciences Engineering Dalian Univ. Dalian P. R. China . School of Humanity Law Economics Northwestern Polytechnical Univ. Xi''''an P. R. China . Science Inst. Air Force Engineering Univ. Xi’an P. R. China 《系统工程与电子技术(英文版)》2005,16(4)
1.INTRODUCTION DiscreteHopfieldneuralnetwork(DHNN)isoneof thefamousneuralnetworkswithawiderangeofap plications,suchascontentaddressablememory,pat ternrecognition,andcombinatorialoptimiza tion[1~5].ThestabilityofDHNNmeansthatevery trajectorymustconvergetowardsanequilibrium point,oralimitcycle.Becausethestabilityof DHNNisthefoundationofthenetwork’sapplica tionsandisthemostbasicandimportantproblem,thestabilityanalysisoftheDHNNhasattractedcon siderableinterest.Manyresearchershavefocu… 相似文献
150.
Ibrahim M.AL-HARKAN 《系统科学与系统工程学报(英文版)》2005,14(2):187-206
1.Introduction Production sequencing and scheduling is one of the most important activities in production planning and control.Sequencing is defined as the order in which the jobs are processed through the machines.The allocation of machines over time to process a collection of jobs is defined as Scheduling.Several methods have been developed to solve the scheduling problem which can be classified as follows:1)efficient optimal methods,2)implicit and explicit,or complete enumerative methods,a… 相似文献