松辽盆地页岩油藏可动油特征研究

针对松辽盆地青山口组一段页岩油藏19块岩样,开展高速离心和核磁共振实验,建立了储层可动油评价方法,揭示了目标页岩油藏可动油特征;结合高压压汞实验和扫描电镜实验,从孔隙结构角度分析目标油藏可动油特征的原因。结果表明：随着渗透率降低,实验岩心T2谱右峰比例减少,可动油变少。区块一岩心可动油百分数平均17.88%,区块二岩心可动油百分数平均14.56%;不同渗透率岩心均含有一定量微米级渗流通道,两区块岩心中微米喉/缝控制的可动油分别为9.34%和5.7%;0.10～1.0微米喉道控制的可动油比例较低,区块一平均为4.05%,区块二平均为3.22%;小于0.1微米喉道控制的可动油比例区块一为4.49%,区块二为5.64%。高压压汞表明目标页岩油储层基质喉道非常小,主要喉道分布在5纳米～30纳米之间,6块岩心平均喉道半径为30纳米;扫描电镜结果表明,目标页岩油藏基质致密、喉道小,多数孔隙呈孤立状,部分储层发育裂缝隙、间裂缝等微裂缝,非均质性强;储层发育一定比例微裂缝,因此离心力较小时能驱出一定量的原油,但储层基质整体致密,喉道小,导致其总可动油比例较低。     

Joint Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China： Strategy, Practice and Development

Joint Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) are initiated by different stakeholders,which aim to play a better guiding role to support basic research in specific areas and directions.They have formed an important part of the national natural science funding system,which is responsible for advancing science and technology in an expanding frontier.The article would briefly summarize the joint funds strategic goals,programs implementation and achievements in the past decade, and provide a perspective on their future development.     

Morphological structure and physicochemical properties of nanotube TiO2

Morphological structure and physicochemical properties of nanotube TiO₂ were investigated. It was found that the TiO₂ nanotube consisted of 2–5 monolayers of TiO₂ molecules, and its inner diameter was between 4.2 and 5.9 nm. The nanotube TiO₂ powder had high specific surface area and pore volume (379 m²/g and 1.431 cm³/g respectively) and its decolorization activity for Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B was 2 times higher than that of raw TiO₂ (p-25). This new type of TiO₂ was hopeful for application in photocatalysis and composite nanomaterial.     

岩溶区铁路列车荷载对新建下穿隧道动力响应规律

在岩溶地区,列车振动荷载已成为引起铁路周边地表岩溶塌陷的重要影响因素。为研究新建地铁隧道在岩溶地层中开挖时,列车荷载对隧道、地表及地层的动位移和动应力响应,以贵阳地铁3号线下穿川黔铁路为背景,通过有限元软件建模计算了在最不利围岩和列车动载条件下,隧道拱顶无溶洞、有溶洞和溶洞注浆3种工况的动力响应规律进行对比分析。结果表明：在列车动荷载作用下,溶洞存在及对其注浆加固对地表位移动力响应的影响范围大致为3.3倍洞径以内,有溶洞时地表最大瞬时沉降发生在路基中线与隧道中线交叉处,为2.74 mm,而对其注浆加固后此处的沉降为2.16 mm,减小了21.2%;对溶洞进行注浆加固后隧道支护结构产生了相对更大动力响应,最大瞬时位移和主应力均发生在隧道拱顶,分别为-1.41 mm和-0.36 MPa;地层竖向应力从地表到隧道拱顶衰减最明显的是有溶洞的情况,从-0.076 6 MPa衰减到-0.008 4 MPa,衰减率为89.03%。可见,对铁路与隧道之间的地层溶洞注浆加固后,在保证新建隧道安全的情况下,明显改善降低了列车动载引起的地表瞬时沉降。     

Serial nuclear transfer improves the development of interspecies reconstructed giant panda (Aluropoda melanoleuca) embryos

Interspecies somatic nuclear transfer (NT) may provide a new approach for preservation of the endangered rare species. Previous interspecies cloning studies have shown that a nucleus from a quiescent somatic cell supports early development of reconstructed embryos in the ooplasm from another species. In this study, we transferred nonquiescent somatic cells from a giant panda into the perivitelline space of the enucleated rabbit oocytes. After electrofusion (at the rate of 71.6%) and electrical activation, 4.2% of the panda-rabbit reconstructed embryos developed to blastocyst in vitro. For improving the development rate of reconstructed embryos, we used serial NT in this study, i.e. blastomeres from reconstructed morulae were transferred into the perivitelline space of the enucleated rabbit oocytes. The fusion rates in the groups of serial I, serial II and serial III were 79.5%, 84.1% and 78.0%, respectively, having no difference with that of somatic group. And the blastocyst rates in serial NT groups were 19.4%, 13.5% and 10.3%, respectively, which are significantly higher than that in somatic NT group. These results indicate that the nuclei from nonquiescent somatic cells can support early development of reconstructed embryos and serial NT can improve the development rate of interspecies reconstructed embryos. These authors contributed equally to this work.     

轨道交通车辆选型方法研究

针对给定的某城市交通线网中的具体线路进行车辆选型分析时,可以初步得到该轨道交通系统的某些定量指标数据,比如运量预测及站间距等.而对于难以量化的指标,可以通过经验以及定性分析赋予一定的评估值.将分析指标量化以后,可以更系统、更深入地研究轨道交通系统中车型的选择问题.     

基于电刺激的多模式康复系统设计和研究

针对脑卒中后肢体功能障碍、褥疮及疼痛,分析了临床上常用的治疗参数,设计了多模式电刺激治疗系统。该系统通过触摸屏与主芯片STM32L152RCT6进行通信,控制升压和极性转换电路产生幅值、频率及脉宽均可连续调节的双极性电刺激脉冲,验证了系统的稳定性和镇痛的效果。通过试验验证了系统能稳定工作,且电脉冲幅值与电阻值的变化无关,且能提高受试者的疼痛阈值。能产生临床使用的电刺激疗法的各类参数,有利于临床实验和相关科研的开展。电刺激技术能够缓解人体疼痛,提高疼痛阈值。     

基于改进MSD法的软土深基坑支护侧移规律

软土地层中建造大型深基坑工程时往往面临着较大的风险和挑战,支护结构易发生变形且难以预测.对已有的可动强度设计(mobilizable strength design,MSD)理论进行总结,引入围护结构的弯曲应变能和内支撑的压缩弹性势能,完善基坑变形过程中的能量守恒体系,改进MSD法计算公式,并以济南黄河隧道北岸盾构工作...     

基于nRF51822的汽车无线姿态测量系统设计

设计一种基于nRF51822芯片的汽车无线姿态测量系统;该系统以新型无线射频芯片nRF51822作为处理单元和无线发射模块,结合MPU6050传感器设计而成,两者之间通过I2C接口通信。nRF51822通过无线模块与上位机通信,上位机采用LabVIEW平台对汽车原始数据和姿态角数据进行实时显示、存储,实现一种高性能、低成本、低功耗的无线汽车姿态测量系统。实验测试表明:无线通信姿态测量系统实时性好、精度高,能够满足一般汽车姿态测量要求。     

基于增强LetNet-5的非霍奇金淋巴瘤辅助诊断

针对主流网络模型在医学辅助诊断适用性低的问题,在现有LetNet-5模型的基础上,给出了增强LetNet-5模型用于非霍奇金淋巴瘤的智能辅助诊断方案。首先将获取到的数据集进行图像切分和归一化等预处理操作,然后使用深度学习框架KERAS搭建增强前后的LetNet-5模型,接着对增强前后的网络模型进行训练、预测和评估,最后对模型的泛化能力和稳定性进行验证。实验表明,增强LetNet-5模型相对于原始LetNet-5模型具有更高的识别精度、更好的稳定性和更快的模型收敛速度,为非霍奇金淋巴瘤的诊断提供科学性的指导并具有重要的临床价值。