Structure specificity of some immunoadjuvant synthetic glycopeptides

Summary The immunoadjuvant activity of muramyl dipeptide seems to be critically dependent on the type of substitution of the -carboxyl group of the D-isoglutamine residue. Moreover the nonapeptide L-Ala-D-isoGlu-L-Lys-D-Ala-(Gly)₅-OME also shows a definite effect.     

Neurotransmitter synthesis inLimulus ventral nerve photoreceptors

Summary Radiochemical precursor compounds for neurotransmitters were incubated withLimulus ventral nerve photoreceptor preparations. Octopamine was preferentially synthesized by a photoreceptor rich fraction of the nerve, acetylcholine was made by a photoreceptor poor fraction, and -aminobutyric acid was made about equally well in both fractions. The possibility that the ventral nerve photoreceptor cells serve a neurosecretory function in the adultLimulus is discussed.From the Neurobiology Course, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass. The Neurobiology Course is supported by grants from the Grass, Sloan and Sandoz Foundation and from Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Institute.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide affects blood flow to specific areas of the conscious rat brain

Zusammenfassung Die i.v. Verabreichung von LSD an Ratten steigert den Blutkreislauf im Hirnstamm sowie im frontalen und parietalen Cortex selektiv. Es wurden durch 6-Nor-LSD, 2-Methyl-LSD und ^{8, 9}-LSD weder wahrnehmbare Verhaltensänderungen noch Änderungen des regionalen Blutkreislaufs verursacht.     

Standardization of "exchange" techniques to measure estradiol receptors in extracts exposed to biospecific adsorbants]

The measurement of the binding of steroid hormone receptors to biospecific adsorbants requires the development of "exchange" techniques. Two types of techniques based on the principle of differential dissociation were standardized: solid phase exchange with hydroxylapatite and liquid phase exchange with adsorption of the ligand to charcoal dextran. In both cases, binding of oestradiol to its receptor was measured in calf uterine cytosol extracts. Results obtained by both techniques were comparable. The half-times of the oestradiol-receptor complex dissociation determined from exchange kinetics are on the same order as those obtained by direct methods used in previous studies.     

Isoprotenerol induction of pineal serotonin N-acetyltransferase in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Zusammenfassung Verabreichung von Isoprotenerol, eines -adrenergen Agonisten, induziert einen signifikant höheren Anstieg der Aktivität der Serotonin-N-Acetyltransferase in der Epiphyse von spontan hypertensiven, im Vergleich mit normotensiven, Rattenmännchen. Derselbe Unterschied wurde auch bei Weibchen beobachtet, jedoch liegen die Aktivitätswerte bei spontan hypertensiven Männchen allgemein höher. Die durch Isoprotenerol erhöhte Induktion der Serotonin-N-Acetyltransferase erzeugt hinsichtlich der Catecholamine in den Pinealozyten von spontan hypertensiven Ratten eine veränderte Reaktivität der Achse -Rezeptor-Adenylzyklasesystem-Serotonin-N-Acetyl transferase.     

Cytological detection of mutagen-carcinogen exposure by sister chromatid exchange.

A staining technique that detects sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) has been used to examine the response of chromosomes in cultured Chinese hamster cells to a wide variety of mutagens-carcinogens. The test gives a very sensitive and rapid method for detecting chromosome mutagenicity of chemical agents and provides a powerful new method for detecting environmental mutagens.     

Conservation of cytoplasmic poly (A)-containing RNA in mouse and rat.

By comparing the melting temperature of DNA-DNA duplexes between related species, it is shown that total single-copy DNA evolves at a faster rate that DNA which is transcribed into poly (A)-containing RNA. Such a comparison suggests that at least 70% of rat single-copy DNA does not code for protein.