纳米ZnO粉体的制备及其影响因素

采用均匀沉淀法，以六水合硝酸锌为原料，尿素为沉淀剂，在不同反应条件下，合成不同晶粒尺寸的纳米氧化锌，用XRD、TEM和BET等方法表征所合成产品的形貌和平衡晶粒度等，讨论不同反应条件对产物性能的影响，并确定最佳反应条件。实验表明，在Zn^2 浓度为0．2mol／L、与尿素的量比为1：4时投料，于124℃搅拌下反尖3．5h，经离心洗涤和超声波处理，粗产物于80℃烘干后，在200℃煅烧3h，所得产物平均粒径为32．8nm，且粒径分布窄、分散性好，产率在85％以上。     

微量元素对葡萄叶细胞超微结构的影响

对缺乏锌、硼、钼、锰、铜等微量元素的葡萄叶细胞进行观察表明:细胞核结构异常,叶绿体外被膜不完整,片层膜系统模糊不清,较则排列杂乱,重则趋于瓦解、消失,基质中出现了数量不等的液泡.     

河南省三门峡市大气降水酸碱度变化分析及对策探讨

利用三门峡市2007—2011年5年酸雨测量资料及其他有关资料,采用气候倾向率、加权平均法等统计学方法,分析了三门峡市大气降水酸碱度的变化特征及酸雨与降水量、风速、风向、云状、雾等气象条件的关系,并对酸雨影响因素进行分析.结果表明:近5年三门峡市降水的平均pH值为5.2;pH5.6的酸性降水出现比率为57.2%;采暖期的11月—3月pH值较低,平均为5.10,其中12月最低,只有4.39,达到了4.5≤pH5.6的弱酸性降水标准;非采暖期的4月—10月pH值较高,平均为5.21,其中6月份最高为6.13.根据分析结果,提出相应的对策.     

Subtyping of type A influenza by sequencing the variable regions of HA gene specifically amplified with RT-PCR

The outbreak of a novel influenza A （H1N1） virus across the globe poses a threat to human health. It is of paramount importance to develop a rapid, reliable and inexpensive diagnostic procedure. Based on the bioinformatic information from public database, primers specific for influenza A virus surface protein haemagglutinin （HA） of several subtypes （including H1, H2, H3, H5, H7 and H9） were designed. Primer-specific PCR products were subiected to sequencing for accurately distinguishing H1 and H3 subtypes from others. This sequencing-based detection method will not only be applied to rapid detection and simultaneous subtype identification of new influenza A virus H1N1, but also provide the strategies to monitor other new types of influenza virus with explosive potential.     

锡铅合金中高含量锡,铅的火焰原子吸收测定

提出了用混合酸（盐酸＋硝酸）溶解样品，在混合酸介质中，于同一份溶液里，用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定锡铅合金中主含量元素锡、铅。该法简便。快速，实用，共存离子不相互干扰，回收率在９８％￣１０２％间，所测样品和国家标准样品均获得令人满意的结果。     

一种复合型前馈神经网络结构

ＢＰ网络是一全局逼近的网络,通常,在对样本数据的选取要求上,它不如ＲＢＦ网络高,即ＢＰ网络在训练样本数据的代表性不强时也可表现出对非线性函数较强的逼近性能,鉴于此,作者提出了一种复合型前馈神经网络结构在此结构中,笔者采用了ＢＰ神经网络对训练数据进行预处理而得到径向基函数（ＲＢＦ）网络的初始中心矢量点集的方法该方法使得ＲＢＦ网络中心矢量点集由传统的随机确定改为对它的优化选取,由它确定的ＲＢＦ网络的中心矢量具有相当的柔性,从而增强了径向基函数（ＲＢＦ）神经网络整体的泛化性及鲁棒性,最终使得该复合型神经网络具有了很好的精度和泛化性仿真结果表明了本文所提网络的有效性     

抗滑桩加固边坡中桩要素设计的三维有限元分析

抗滑桩加固边坡是工程中常用的方法,其中桩位、桩间距、桩径、桩长等桩要素是抗滑桩设计的重要问题,它直接关系到边坡工程的造价与安全．通过典型的边坡实例,利用考虑桩一土相互作用的有限元折减程序,探讨计算模型尺寸、桩要素对边坡安全系数的影响．分析可知,计算模型尺寸对边坡安全系数影响很小,模型尺寸为O．5s时计算效率最高;边坡安全系数随桩位近似呈二次抛物线分布,抗滑桩布置于边坡中部既能获得最大的安全系数又能充分发挥材料的抗滑作用,为最佳桩位布置点．边坡的安全系数随桩间距的增大而减小,随桩径、桩长增大近似呈线性增加,桩间距增大桩间土拱作用逐渐减弱,最后趋近于无桩状态．桩长设计中,桩的锚固深度宜为桩长的1／3—1,2．     

二元函数的微积分基本定理

从二元函数的面导数出发定义原函数和不定积分，研究了它们的性质．证明了：（１）若ｆ（ｘ，ｆｙ）有原函数，则有一族原函数且任意两个原函数相差ｋ（ｘ，ｙ）＝Ｃ（Ｘ）＋Ｄ（ｙ）＋Ｅ，其中Ｃ（ｘ），Ｄ（ｙ）为一元函数，Ｅ为常数；（２）若ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）在闭区间［Ａ，Ｂ］Ｒ２上连续，Ｚ＝（ｘ，ｙ）∈［Ａ，Ｂ］，则Φ（ｘ，ｙ）＝ｆ（ｓ，ｔ）ｄｓｄｔ在（ｘ，ｙ）可导且Φ’ｘｙ＝ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）；（３）若ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）在［Ａ，Ｂ］上连续，Ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）为其一个原函数，则ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）ｄｘｄｙ＝Ｆ（［Ａ，Ｂ］）．     

Cloned pigs produced by nuclear transfer from adult somatic cells

Since the first report of live mammals produced by nuclear transfer from a cultured differentiated cell population in 1995 (ref. 1), successful development has been obtained in sheep, cattle, mice and goats using a variety of somatic cell types as nuclear donors. The methodology used for embryo reconstruction in each of these species is essentially similar: diploid donor nuclei have been transplanted into enucleated MII oocytes that are activated on, or after transfer. In sheep and goat pre-activated oocytes have also proved successful as cytoplast recipients. The reconstructed embryos are then cultured and selected embryos transferred to surrogate recipients for development to term. In pigs, nuclear transfer has been significantly less successful; a single piglet was reported after transfer of a blastomere nucleus from a four-cell embryo to an enucleated oocyte; however, no live offspring were obtained in studies using somatic cells such as diploid or mitotic fetal fibroblasts as nuclear donors. The development of embryos reconstructed by nuclear transfer is dependent upon a range of factors. Here we investigate some of these factors and report the successful production of cloned piglets from a cultured adult somatic cell population using a new nuclear transfer procedure.