机制砂掺量对自密实轻骨料混凝土碳化性能的影响机理

为探究机制砂掺量对自密实轻骨料混凝土碳化性能的影响及其变化规律,采用固定砂石体积法和改进的全计算法配制了5组机制砂掺量(0、30%、60%、80%、100%)的自密实轻骨料混凝土,并与2组机制砂掺量(0、100%)的自密实混凝土对比,测试了各龄期下混凝土的碳化深度,并通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)对比研究了自密实轻骨料混凝土和机制砂自密实轻骨料混凝土碳化前后的微观结构。结果表明：随着龄期的增长,混凝土碳化深度不断增加,但碳化速率前期较大,后期较小;机制砂的掺入能够细化孔结构,提高硬化浆体和骨料过渡界面区的密实度,轻骨料特有的内养护机制能够改善骨料水泥石过渡区界面结构,均可提高混凝土的碳化性能。最后,得到了关于机制砂掺量的自密实轻骨料混凝土碳化深度预测模型,可为机制砂自密实轻骨料混凝土耐久性预测提供参考。     

二连盆地巴彦乌拉矿床辫状河砂体赋矿规律

以河流沉积学、高分辨率层序地层学和水成铀矿理论为指导,充分利用钻孔岩心和测井资料,对巴彦乌拉矿床下白垩统赛汉组上段（K1s2）辫状河相铀储层进行了沉积微相精细研究,深入分析了受基准面旋回控制的辫状河砂体在垂向上和横向上的分布规律与成因特征,总结了巴彦乌拉矿床辫状河砂体的赋矿规律,并建立了心滩坝砂体赋矿模式.研究认为该矿床的矿体主要赋存于低可容纳空间下形成的具有一定规模的心滩坝砂体内部,以及辫状河道与心滩坝交汇处,可为该矿床外围找矿,以及相似古河谷型铀矿找矿提供借鉴意义.     

多参考预测链的时域可扩展性和抗错性

网络的带宽抖动和数据传输错误是影响视频传输的重要原因。该文提出了一种新的多参考帧图像预测的视频编码算法,即多参考预测链,使视频具有时域可扩展性和抗错性解决网络的这两个潜在问题。该算法中P帧之间的参考预测关系构成多条链状结构,使视频具有时域可扩展性。链间的不相关性使每个链可独立解码,从而增强了码流抗错性。该算法采用R-D框架动态的管理预测关系链,从而适合网络带宽的变化而获得最佳的终端视觉效果。仿真实验表明,采用多参考预测链编码的码流时域可扩展性的应用非常可行,且表现出较高的抗错性。     

组合预测方法中权系数的应用研究

针对组合预测方法中权系数的确定问题,提出两种组合预测方法。一种是引入误差评价公式来确定权系数的固定权系数组合预测方法;一种是基于神经网络的误差倒数变权组合预测方法。通过实例分析说明了两种方法的可行性,且结果表明方法比单模型方法预测和传统组合预测方法具有更高的拟合精度。     

双叉式叶尖结构对风力机流场特性影响的数值模拟

以波音737MAX机翼的双叉式叶尖结构为风力机叶尖改型设计思路,设计出双叉式叶尖结构风力机,利用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)进行数值计算.结果 表明:双叉式叶尖结构风力机叶片压力差、叶尖线速度小于未改型风力机叶片,但上叉与下叉压力差总和大于未改型风力机叶片,增大了双叉式叶尖结构风力机总输出功率,主要影响因素为叶尖开叉角度.通过风洞实验验证了数值模拟的合理性,实验和数值模拟表明双叉式叶尖结构风力机尾迹轴向速度损失小于未改型风力机.     

大型活动散场期间地铁车站短时进站客流预测

大型活动散场期间的地铁车站客流属于可预知的非常规客流,采用常规客流的统计预测方法难以准确预测其客流需求.基于深度学习,将历史客流规律、大型活动数据与实时自动售检票系统数据相结合,提出了一种适用于大型活动散场期间地铁车站的短时客流预测模型.首先对历史客流数据进行了拆分及降噪处理,并分析了活动客流特征.之后,基于深度学习框架构建多层结构的卷积神经网络,拟合活动客流特征与客流时空分布的映射关系,并选取Adam(adaptive moment estimation)算法优化训练过程,以适用于活动散场时客流集中进站的情况.最后,以北京地铁奥林匹克公园站为例,利用实测数据验证了模型的准确性.预测结果表明:建立的Adam-CNN(convolution neural network)模型相对于常用时间序列方法自回归滑动平均和传统神经网络SGD-CNN模型具有更高的精度,能够为大型活动的组织提供更为有力的支持.     

Efficiency decomposition with shared inputs and outputs in two-stage DEA

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is an effective non-parametric method for measuring the relative efficiencies of decision making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. In many real situations, the internal structure of DMUs is a two-stage network process with shared inputs used in both stages and common outputs produced by the both stages. For example, hospitals have a two-stage network structure. Stage 1 consumes resources such as information technology system, plant, equipment and admin personnel to generate outputs such as medical records, laundry and housekeeping. Stage 2 consumes the same set of resources used by stage 1 (named shared inputs) and the outputs generated by stage 1 (named intermediate measures) to provide patient services. Besides, some of outputs, for instance, patient satisfaction degrees, are generated by the two individual stages together (named shared outputs). Since some of shared inputs and outputs are hard split up and allocated to each individual stage, it needs to develop two-stage DEA methods for evaluating the performance of two-stage network processes in such problems. This paper extends the centralized model to measure the DEA efficiency of the two-stage process with non splittable shared inputs and outputs. A weighted additive approach is used to combine the two individual stages. Moreover, additive efficiency decomposition models are developed to simultaneously evaluate the maximal and the minimal achievable efficiencies for the individual stages. Finally, an example of 17 city branches of China Construction Bank in Anhui Province is employed to illustrate the proposed approach.     

功劳木中生物碱类成分抗氧化活性研究

利用DPPH法测定功劳木中生物碱成分的抗氧化活性,采用pH 区带精制逆流色谱分离出小檗碱、药根碱、巴马汀、非洲防己碱和千金藤宁碱5种成分。通过测定功劳木总生物碱以及单体生物碱成分对DPPH自由基清除力,来评价功劳木中主要生物碱类成分的体外抗氧化能力。结果显示,在0～25 μg/mL范围内DPPH溶液浓度与吸光度呈线性正相关关系。功劳木总生物碱、小檗碱、药根碱、巴马汀、非洲防己碱以及千金藤宁碱的半抑制浓度（IC50）依次为0.07、0.32、0.24、0.20、0.18、0.59 mg/mL。因此,功劳木生物碱类成分具有一定的抗氧化能力,且随生物碱浓度的升高而增强,总生物碱抗氧化能力强于单体成分。功劳木生物碱抗氧化活性可能为协同效应。     

牛膝中齐墩果酸和β-蜕皮甾酮的HPLC法含量测定及指纹图谱研究

建立了中药牛膝的HPLC指纹图谱并同时测定其中齐墩果酸和β-蜕皮甾酮的含量。采用Agilent ZORBAX SB C18色谱柱,流动相为乙腈 0.6%甲酸,柱温为25 ℃,检测波长为260 nm,进行了13批次牛膝药材的分析。牛膝药材的HPLC指纹图谱共有16个共有峰,4个特征峰,定量测定了其中两个峰β 蜕皮甾酮和齐墩果酸。通过相似度分析初步断定,不同地域的牛膝药材在质量上存在明显的差异。该研究为建立牛膝药材的质量控制体系提供了方法和技术支持。     

Effects of sintering atmosphere on the physical and mechanical properties of modified BOF slag glass

This study proposes an efficient way to utilize all the chemical components of the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag to prepare high value-added glass-ceramics. A molten modified BOF slag was converted from the melting BOF slag by reducing it and separating out iron component in it, and the modified BOF slag was then quenched in water to form glasses with different basicities. The glasses were subsequently sintered in the temperature range of 600–1000℃ in air or nitrogen atmosphere for 1 h. The effects of different atmospheres on the physical and mechanical properties of sintered samples were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by conducting experiment on evaluating the sintering shrinkage, water absorption and bulk density. It is found that the kinetics of the sintering process is significantly affected by sintering atmosphere. In particular, compared with sintering in air atmosphere, sintering in N₂ atmosphere promotes the synergistic growth of pyroxene and melilite crystalline phases, which can contribute to better mechanical properties and denser microstructure.