具有全调制范围的空间矢量脉宽调制算法研究

在分析空间矢量脉宽调制（SVPMW）过调制原理的基础上,对经典的双模式过调制算法进行了适当的简化,提出了一种新型的具有全调制范围的SVPWM算法．仿真和实验结果表明该算法简单实用,只用一种算法就实现了线性调制区、过调制区直至方波工况的平滑过渡．     

一类非齐次A-调和方程很弱解的唯一性

通过运用扰动向量场的Hodge分解理论来构造适当的检验函数,得到非齐次A-调和方程Dirichlet问题-divA(x,(△)u)=f(x)在Grand-Sobolev空间很弱解的唯一性理论.     

眼外伤患者的心理健康教育

目的通过心理健康教育,使患者保持良好的心理健康状态,助于患者的康复.方法通过评估患者的心理活动,针对其心理特征采取解释、安慰、鼓励、转移等心理教育等措施.结果患者能够正确面对现实,情绪稳定,住院期间积极配合治疗和护理.结论眼外伤患者突然受意外受伤,引起视力下降,眼部外形或面部受损,伤者一时难以接受,严重者可能会出现"情绪休克"创伤反应的表现,不利于疾病的康复.因而对眼外伤患者及家属进行心理健康教育,正确面对疾病,帮助患者渡过情绪危机,配合治疗和护理起积极的作用.     

CH2XO(X=Cl,Br)与O2反应机理的理论研究

采用B3LYP和MP2方法在6-311++G(d,p)水平上研究了CH2XO(X=Cl,Br)自由基与O2反应的微观机理,找到了3个可能的反应通道,其中生成HC(O)X+HO2的通道为主反应通道,验证了动力学实验结果.运用电子密度拓扑分析方法讨论了反应过程中化学键的变化规律及结构过渡态与反应热之间的关系,为大气化学中CH2XO的实验研究提供理论依据.     

环介导等温扩增技术检测乳粉中肺炎克雷伯菌

以荚膜脂多糖(capsular polysaccharide,CPS)合成调控子resA为靶基因片段,设计了肺炎克雷伯菌特异性引物,建立了环介导恒温扩增技术(Loop-Mediated lsothermal Amplification,LAMP)检测方法.结果表明,3对LAMP引物对肺炎克雷伯菌不仅有菌种专一性,而且,具有相当高的灵敏度(2 CFU/100 g).因此,该方法有利于更快更准确的鉴定食品中肺炎克雷伯氏菌.     

室内信道中多极化MIMO系统的容量

针对室内多径信道,提出一种研究系统信道容量的方法,利用结合信道特征设计的三维多极化测量系统测量信道中多径入射信号的三维空间分布,代入天线方向图与入射信号进行空间积分计算出系统容量。利用该方法和系统对典型室内环境进行了测量,研究了真实的三极化天线组成的MIMO(multiple-input-multiple-output)系统的容量和摆放方向对多极化天线系统容量的影响。结果表明:三极化系统具有比单极化系统更优越的性能,可以利用该特性对室内环境中多极化MIMO系统的设计和布局进行优化以实现更高的系统容量。     

断层轮廓的双三次非均匀B样条曲面重构

针对断层图像数据,提出了一种曲面重构的方法.依据曲率特征首先提取各层特征点,对其重采样使每行(列)获得统一的采样点数;再对采样点插值得到非均匀双三次B样条曲面;最后,在一定控制精度下对曲面依据距离特征进行节点插入,通过最小二乘逼近法算出新的控制顶点,从而得到误差在容许范围内的逼近曲面.根据断层轮廓的特点,本算法综合运用了周期B样条和非周期B样条,讨论了封闭曲面和非封闭曲面的计算方法.另外插值和逼近的结合应用使该算法更快速、实用.     

Microwave quantum logic gates for trapped ions

Control over physical systems at the quantum level is important in fields as diverse as metrology, information processing, simulation and chemistry. For trapped atomic ions, the quantized motional and internal degrees of freedom can be coherently manipulated with laser light. Similar control is difficult to achieve with radio-frequency or microwave radiation: the essential coupling between internal degrees of freedom and motion requires significant field changes over the extent of the atoms' motion, but such changes are negligible at these frequencies for freely propagating fields. An exception is in the near field of microwave currents in structures smaller than the free-space wavelength, where stronger gradients can be generated. Here we first manipulate coherently (on timescales of 20 nanoseconds) the internal quantum states of ions held in a microfabricated trap. The controlling magnetic fields are generated by microwave currents in electrodes that are integrated into the trap structure. We also generate entanglement between the internal degrees of freedom of two atoms with a gate operation suitable for general quantum computation; the entangled state has a fidelity of 0.76(3), where the uncertainty denotes standard error of the mean. Our approach, which involves integrating the quantum control mechanism into the trapping device in a scalable manner, could be applied to quantum information processing, simulation and spectroscopy.     

A draft genome of Yersinia pestis from victims of the Black Death

Technological advances in DNA recovery and sequencing have drastically expanded the scope of genetic analyses of ancient specimens to the extent that full genomic investigations are now feasible and are quickly becoming standard. This trend has important implications for infectious disease research because genomic data from ancient microbes may help to elucidate mechanisms of pathogen evolution and adaptation for emerging and re-emerging infections. Here we report a reconstructed ancient genome of Yersinia pestis at 30-fold average coverage from Black Death victims securely dated to episodes of pestilence-associated mortality in London, England, 1348-1350. Genetic architecture and phylogenetic analysis indicate that the ancient organism is ancestral to most extant strains and sits very close to the ancestral node of all Y. pestis commonly associated with human infection. Temporal estimates suggest that the Black Death of 1347-1351 was the main historical event responsible for the introduction and widespread dissemination of the ancestor to all currently circulating Y. pestis strains pathogenic to humans, and further indicates that contemporary Y. pestis epidemics have their origins in the medieval era. Comparisons against modern genomes reveal no unique derived positions in the medieval organism, indicating that the perceived increased virulence of the disease during the Black Death may not have been due to bacterial phenotype. These findings support the notion that factors other than microbial genetics, such as environment, vector dynamics and host susceptibility, should be at the forefront of epidemiological discussions regarding emerging Y. pestis infections.     

Late Holocene methane rise caused by orbitally controlled increase in tropical sources

Considerable debate surrounds the source of the apparently 'anomalous' increase of atmospheric methane concentrations since the mid-Holocene (5,000?years ago) compared to previous interglacial periods as recorded in polar ice core records. Proposed mechanisms for the rise in methane concentrations relate either to methane emissions from anthropogenic early rice cultivation or an increase in natural wetland emissions from tropical or boreal sources. Here we show that our climate and wetland simulations of the global methane cycle over the last glacial cycle (the past 130,000?years) recreate the ice core record and capture the late Holocene increase in methane concentrations. Our analyses indicate that the late Holocene increase results from natural changes in the Earth's orbital configuration, with enhanced emissions in the Southern Hemisphere tropics linked to precession-induced modification of seasonal precipitation. Critically, our simulations capture the declining trend in methane concentrations at the end of the last interglacial period (115,000-130,000?years ago) that was used to diagnose the Holocene methane rise as unique. The difference between the two time periods results from differences in the size and rate of regional insolation changes and the lack of glacial inception in the Holocene. Our findings also suggest that no early agricultural sources are required to account for the increase in methane concentrations in the 5,000?years before the industrial era.