Symmetry perception in an insect

Symmetrical visual patterns have a salient status in human perception, as evinced by their prevalent occurrence in art, and also in animal perception, where they may be an indicator of phenotypic and genotypic quality. Symmetry perception has been demonstrated in humans, birds, dolphins and apes. Here we show that bees trained to discriminate bilaterally symmetrical from non-symmetrical patterns learn the task and transfer it appropriately to novel stimuli, thus demonstrating a capacity to detect and generalize symmetry or asymmetry. We conclude that bees, and possibly flower-visiting insects in general, can acquire a generalized preference towards symmetrical or, alternatively, asymmetrical patterns depending on experience, and that symmetry detection is preformed or can be learned as perceptual category by insects, because it can be extracted as an independent visual pattern feature. Bees show a predisposition for learning and generalized symmetry because, if trained to it, they choose it more frequently, come closer to and hover longer in front of the novel symmetrical stimuli than the bees trained for asymmetry do for the novel asymmetrical stimuli. Thus, even organisms with comparatively small nervous systems can generalize about symmetry, and favour symmetrical over asymmetrical patterns.     

骨质疏松治疗将进入一个新时代

骨质疏松治疗将进入一个新时代饶新华编译骨质疏松是全身骨骼因骨质减少而变得脆弱的一种病症，有关这种病症的介绍文字日见增多，人们对此已不再觉得陌生了。“矮个子大娘”和“驼背子奶奶”这类措词所描述的就是那些患有此病的中老年妇女。“过去，人们每次见到自己的祖...     

基因图的导向

基因图的导向ＢｅｎＨａｒｄｉｎ著梁宪实译许国平校随着世界上第一张牛和猪的基因构造图谱的公布，人们期望性畜育种技术将发生巨大的进展，进入一个崭新的时代。自从１９９４年４月第一阶段交互式基因组数据库进入计算机网络，美国农业研究署的化学家ＣｒａｉｇＷ．Ｂｅ...     

Synthesis and photocurrent response of porphyrin-containing conjugated polymers

In recent years conjugated polymers have attracted considerable attention because of their potential appli- cations in the fields of light emitting diodes, photo- voltaic devices, and sensors[1―7]. In the fabrication of semiconductor photovoltaic devices…     

用于信息安全的光学技术与数字技术

信息安全性牵涉的范围很广，从国防到我们的实际生活各个方面。本书的内容可以应用于安全、验证、识别、跟踪、鉴定。涉及光学科学与工程、数字图像处理、成像技术、基于计算机的信息系统、传感器、检测器和生物测量中各种不同的专门知识，本书的作者是这个领域的国际上公认的杰出人士，书中汇集了该领域最近的关键性突破。     

散射和结构——量子物理学中的要点和相似性

著名物理学家卢瑟福有一句名言：“如果你不能用简单的、非技术的术语解释一个结果，你就没有真正弄懂它”。作者们认为这样一句名言最恰当地表达了他们撰写本书的目的。     

纳米技术手册

“纳米材料”是指在纳米尺度（0．1～100nm范围，1nm=10^-9m）上研究物质的特征和相互作用，以及利用纳米尺度的特征开发新产品的一门科学和技术。纳米科技包含纳米材料、纳米器件和对它们的检测与表征等应用性很强的研究和技术领域。通常说的纳米检测和表征是指在纳米尺度上分析纳米结构材料和器件的组成、构造，并且进一步探索新现象，作为发展新的器件和功能材料的手段。     

Detection of the translational oscillations of the Earth''''s solid inner core based on the international superconducting gravimeter observations

Before about 100 years, the layered structures of the Earths body and the existence of the liquid core had been found, then the solid inner core and detailed structures in the interior of the Earth are demonstrated, it proves that the satisfied achievements had been obtained in recogni-tion of the Earths interior structures. In recent years, with the increasing requirements of the basic sciences and space techniques to geodynamics of the Earths interior, the theoretical study and practical de…