纳米管TiO2的形貌结构和物理化学特性

对新型纳米管状ＴｉＯ２的形貌结构和物理化学特性进行了考察,发现此种ＴｉＯ２纳米管由２～５个单层ＴｉＯ２分子组成,管内径在４．２～５．９ｎｍ之间,有很高的比表面积和孔体积（分别这３７９ｍ＾２ｇ和１．４３１ｃｍ＾３／ｇ）,对染料活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ的脱色活性可比ＤｅｇｕｓｓａＰ－２５ＴｉＯ２提高约２倍,是一种很有希望在光催化和复合纳米材料等方面应用的新型ＴｉＯ２材料。     

Zebrafish miR-214 modulates Hedgehog signaling to specify muscle cell fate

Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have been discovered in the genomes of higher eukaryotes, and functional studies indicate that they are important during development. However, little is known concerning the function of individual miRNAs. We approached this problem in zebrafish by combining identification of miRNA expression, functional analyses and experimental validation of potential targets. We show that miR-214 is expressed during early segmentation stages in somites and that varying its expression alters the expression of genes regulated by Hedgehog signaling. Inhibition of miR-214 results in a reduction or loss of slow-muscle cell types. We show that su(fu) mRNA, encoding a negative regulator of Hedgehog signaling, is targeted by miR-214. Through regulation of su(fu), miR-214 enables precise specification of muscle cell types by sharpening cellular responses to Hedgehog.     

Mutations in amphiphysin 2 (BIN1) disrupt interaction with dynamin 2 and cause autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy

Centronuclear myopathies are characterized by muscle weakness and abnormal centralization of nuclei in muscle fibers not secondary to regeneration. The severe neonatal X-linked form (myotubular myopathy) is due to mutations in the phosphoinositide phosphatase myotubularin (MTM1), whereas mutations in dynamin 2 (DNM2) have been found in some autosomal dominant cases. By direct sequencing of functional candidate genes, we identified homozygous mutations in amphiphysin 2 (BIN1) in three families with autosomal recessive inheritance. Two missense mutations affecting the BAR (Bin1/amphiphysin/RVS167) domain disrupt its membrane tubulation properties in transfected cells, and a partial truncation of the C-terminal SH3 domain abrogates the interaction with DNM2 and its recruitment to the membrane tubules. Our results suggest that mutations in BIN1 cause centronuclear myopathy by interfering with remodeling of T tubules and/or endocytic membranes, and that the functional interaction between BIN1 and DNM2 is necessary for normal muscle function and positioning of nuclei.     

Association scan of 14,500 nonsynonymous SNPs in four diseases identifies autoimmunity variants

We have genotyped 14,436 nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) and 897 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) tag SNPs from 1,000 independent cases of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and breast cancer (BC). Comparing these data against a common control dataset derived from 1,500 randomly selected healthy British individuals, we report initial association and independent replication in a North American sample of two new loci related to ankylosing spondylitis, ARTS1 and IL23R, and confirmation of the previously reported association of AITD with TSHR and FCRL3. These findings, enabled in part by increased statistical power resulting from the expansion of the control reference group to include individuals from the other disease groups, highlight notable new possibilities for autoimmune regulation and suggest that IL23R may be a common susceptibility factor for the major 'seronegative' diseases.     

谢邦杰教授对体上矩阵理论研究的贡献及其在中国的进展

注意到体上矩阵研究的价值与困难,综述了谢邦杰教授1978-1982年关于体上矩阵相似标准形、弱标准形刻画定理,可中心矩阵的特征值基础、行列式方案,以及自共轭四元数矩阵的行列式理论等研究成果;进而阐述了1980年以来中国学者在这些成果基础上对体上矩阵的秩、相似标准形理论、四元数矩阵行列式、自共轭四元数矩阵,以及体上矩阵方程与广义逆矩阵等研究的进一步推进。     

具有超宽防护带的低剖面能量选择表面

文章提出了一种具有超宽防护带和低剖面的能量选择表面（Energy selective surface,ESS）。利用PIN二极管的开关特性来实现其自适应状态转换功能。当入射波功率较低时,二极管截止,该ESS表现为带通频率选择表面（Frequency selective surface,FSS）,允许入射波通过;当高功率微波（High-power microwave,HPM）入射时,PIN二极管导通,ESS可将HPM反射从而实现超宽带防护。利用全波仿真对该ESS的结构进行了优化,仿真结果显示,当入射波功率较低时,其通带的-3 dB带宽为640 MHz,在中心频率4.36 GHz处的插入损耗为0.01 dB。当HPM入射时,其防护带相对带宽达到200%,实现了超宽带防护。此外,该ESS还具有良好的入射角度稳定性和极化不敏感性。     

气膜抽吸与叶片前缘内部壁面射流的作用机制

为揭示气膜抽吸对壁面射流流动与换热的干涉效应,获得壁面射流冷却通道内的流动特性与换热特性,建立了涡轮叶片前缘带气膜抽吸的单通道壁面射流冷却计算模型。采用RANS方法,结合SST k-ω湍流模型,研究了气膜抽吸、射流雷诺数、气膜孔位置和数量等因素对壁面射流内部冷却特性的影响机制。结果表明：气膜抽吸会大幅提高流动结构的稳定性,气膜孔入口的分离涡则会显著提高孔口附近的换热系数;气膜抽吸引起壁面射流流量的降低不利于靶面下游的冷却,但滞止区和通道内的流动损失降低幅度大于气膜孔内的掺混损失,从而使整体流动损失系数降低了4.5%;射流雷诺数的增加会提高换热强度,但对流动结构几乎没有影响;单孔结构中,在前缘滞止线处开孔能够提供最高的气膜流量比,且对前缘内部靶面的冷却效果良好;多孔结构中,双气膜孔结构的流动损失最大,三气膜孔结构的流动损失和换热强度最为均衡。研究结果可为壁面射流冷却结构的气膜孔布置提供依据,为进一步提高壁面射流冷却结构的冷却效果提供参考。     

液态危险品船舶的远程监视报警系统设计

为了有效监测液态危险品船舶运输过程中液货舱液位、压力、温度和惰性气体含量等安全状态参数的实时状况,采用单片机作为微处理器,设计数据采集与处理模块;基于北斗定位与短报文通信技术,实现船舶数据远程传输,并在B/S架构下开发岸基监控报警管理平台,完成液态危险品船舶远程监视报警系统的研发,最后通过实验平台和实船,对系统性能进行...     

霸王鞭的化学成分研究

对采自云南西双版纳的霸王鞭(Euphorbia royleana)地上部分进行了化学成分研究.采用正、反相硅胶柱层析,凝胶柱层析及半制备HPLC等分离技术,对霸王鞭的正丁醇提取物进行分离纯化,得到了7个单体化合物.过1 H NMR和13 C NMR波谱数据分析及文献对照,其结构鉴定为4′-甲氧基槲皮素(1)、taxif...     

BESⅢ主触发系统VME机箱快控制插件的设计

提出了“可预置计数限的计数逻辑”和“有暂停控制的双向计数器逻辑”,解决了VME总线主板所能处理的中断的频率与输入信号脉冲的频率不匹配的难题,消除了某些信号与系统时钟异步造成的准稳态;所设计的插件实现了VME总线程控流水线式发中断的功能．