大气悬浮微粒的负面作用

根据新的模拟分析 ,大气中的炭黑对全球气候有很大的增暖作用。无论从气候或人体健康的角度出发 ,均应控制其排放     

动植物呼吸：地球气候变化的原因

植物和动物是否协调地起着作用,还是为控制地球气候而发生激烈的冲突?     

二十一世纪的碳氢化合物——洛克碳氢化合物研究所的工作

碳氢化合物来源于石油、天然气或煤 ,它在许多方面是现代生活所必需的。全球的碳氢化合物主要用作燃料、发电和供热。化学工业、石化工业、塑料和橡胶工业也都依赖碳氢化合物作为原材料来生产其产品。确实 ,绝大多数化工行业的重要合成化学品都是源于石油产品。今天 ,世界上每天石油的使用总量已经超过 1 0 0 0万吨。很显然 ,不断增长的世界人口和能源消耗 ,与有限的不可再生的石油资源处于一个不断冲突的过程中 ,而且后者还将日益减少。认识到在碳氢化合物化学领域需要广泛的基础研究和研究生教育 ,南加利福尼亚大学于 1 977年成立了“洛克…     

Performance of an activated carbon made from waste palm shell in simultaneous adsorption of SO_x and NO_x of flue gas at low temperature

This study examined the individual and simultaneous adsorption of SOx(SO2)and NOx(NO-NO2)on activated carbon prepared from waste palm shell.The adsorption process was examined in a fixed bed reactor at low temperatures(100 300°C).For individual adsorption without any catalytic activation,SOx showed good adsorption whereas NOx was very much poor.In the simultaneous adsorption of SOx and NOx,SOx showed greater adsorption affinity than NOx.For palm shell activated carbon(PSAC)impregnated with metal catalyst(Ni and Ce)the concentration adsorbed profile showed that the amount of SOx adsorbed decreased regularly,while the amount of the adsorbed NOx increased irregularly.The properties of the pure and impregnated PSAC were analyzed by BET,SEM and EDX.These investigations indicated that PSAC impregnated with metal catalyst is the determining factor in the adsorption of SOx and NOx simultaneously.     

Deep levels,transport and THz emission properties of SiGe/Si quantum-well structures

In coal mines in such countries as China and Russia,most of the coal mine methane(CMM) generated during mining is emitted to the atmosphere without any effective usage,because the methane concentration of CMM is relatively low and not allowed to be used as fuel for safety reasons.Methane is one of the greenhouse gases.Therefore,if it becomes possible to concentrate CMM to an acceptable level for use as fuel,this will greatly contribute to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.With the aim of gaining approva...     

大尺寸单晶金刚石同质连接技术

介绍了制备人造单晶金刚石的技术途径及发展现状,重点讨论并对比了几种化学气相沉积法(CVD)金刚石制备技术的优缺点,详细阐述了基于微波等离子体CVD (MPCVD)法的同质连接技术——一种突破晶体尺寸限制,实现大尺寸单晶金刚石的有效途径。通过该技术实现了英寸级单晶金刚石晶片的制备,并针对横向生长、界面质量及演化、三维结构连接控制等核心科学技术问题进行了分析和讨论,展望了其在尖端应用领域的发展前景。     

核物理中的哈勃望远镜

上周,一台期待已久的粒子加速器正式投入运行,它揭开了利用实验室里前所未有的高能碰撞来粉碎原子核的序幕。物理学家们希望通过这样的碰撞来产生一类全新的物质,这种物质又曾出现于宇宙产生以后的百万之分一秒内。     

氧气工程的核心——原始计算

麻省理工学院计算机科学实验室从事原始工程（ Ｒａｗ ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ）的 Ａｎａｎｔ Ａｇａｒｗａｌ与同事正在为氧气工程研制一种全新的微处理器。这种名为原始芯片（Ｒａｗ ｃｈｉｐ）的微处理器将提供前所未有的性能（能源效率及成本效益）,这归因于它的灵活设计：通过将线路暴露于软件系统面前,以满足在其运行的各种应用程序的需要。