石墨烯基聚苯胺水凝胶的电化学性能研究

通过两步溶液自组装方法,制备了具有三维多孔网络结构的石墨烯基聚苯胺复合水凝胶(PR-x),并通过SEM、XRD、FT-IR、Raman、XPS等表征手段对样品的微观形貌和结构组成进行了表征分析.结果表明,聚苯胺均匀地负载于三维多孔石墨烯网络骨架,且能够显著抑制石墨烯的团聚现象.研究了石墨烯基聚苯胺复合水凝胶电极的电化学性能.当聚苯胺质量分数为75％,电流密度为1 A·g-1时,比电容为762.8 F·g-1;当扫描速率从5 mV·s-1增加到50 mV·s-1时,倍率保留率高达77％,经过3000次恒电流充放电后比电容保留率仍高达89.27％.该石墨烯基聚苯胺复合水凝胶电极作为超级电容器表现出优异的放电容量、倍率性能和循环稳定性,具有一定的潜在应用价值.     

土-上盖一体化地铁车站结构耦合作用下振动台试验研究

为研究上盖一体化地铁车站结构的地震响应规律,以轨道交通地上-地下一体化结构体系和单体地铁车站结构体系为研究对象,开展了粉细砂场地振动台试验研究.分别从加速度和应变两方面对地铁车站结构部分进行地震响应研究,并将两种试验结果进行对比.试验结果表明:1)上盖一体化地铁车站结构振动台试验模型土体和结构相同监测点的加速度峰值随着输入地震强度的增加逐渐增大,而加速度放大系数则逐渐减小,测点加速度沿埋深的变化规律与地震动类型有关;2)上盖一体化地铁车站结构的拉应变幅值随着地震强度的增加呈逐渐增大的趋势,模型中柱端部的拉应变幅值最大,侧墙次之,楼板最小;3)上盖一体化地铁车站结构的加速度和应变均小于单体地铁车站结构,其中,加速度变化规律大致相同,应变幅值差异随着地震强度的增加逐渐增大,而差异增幅呈现逐渐减小并收敛的趋势.     

两矩形高层建筑的风致干扰效应

基于高频测力天平风洞试验,分析了实际工程中矩形高层建筑风致干扰产生的原因.在此基础上,研究了两矩形高层建筑不同空间位置下的气动干扰效应.结果显示:矩形高层建筑风荷载的干扰放大效应主要是其侧后方正交布置的另一矩形高层建筑导致,且这一矩形建筑处于受扰建筑下游时产生的干扰效应明显高于处于上游的情形.沿受扰建筑的侧方和后方增大两矩形高层的间距比,风荷载干扰效应整体呈递减的趋势,加速度干扰效应呈先增大后减小的趋势.施扰建筑在受扰建筑侧方移动时的干扰范围和强度均要高于在受扰建筑后方移动时的情形.受扰建筑顺风向体型系数的最大干扰因子可达1.41.干扰效应也会显著增大受扰建筑横风向的体型系数,以单体状态顺风向体型系数归一化的干扰因子为1.08.进一步考虑动力放大作用后,受扰建筑顺风向和横风向基底弯矩的干扰因子可分别达到1.49和2.28,加速度的干扰因子最大可达1.23.     

奇妙的非晶态金属

在日常生活中,人们所接触的材料不外乎两类,即晶态材料和非晶态材料。形象地说,如果材料中的原子排列像被检阅的士兵方阵那样有序,该材料就是晶态材料;如果原子排列像集市的人群那样杂乱无章,那么这种材料就是非晶态材料。在我们接触的物质中,食盐、钻石等都属于晶态材料,而木材、纺     

Th-rich zircon from peralka line A-type granite： Mineralogical features and petrological implications

Zircon is one of the most common accessory minerals in igneous rocks, especially in granites. It exists through the crystallization and evolution of grantic magma be-cause of stable physicochemical properties. Trace element abundances (e.g. Hf, Th, U, Y) in zircon are very sensitive to the crystallization environments[1]. Therefore, zircon plays an important role in the granite research. However, although A-type granites are given more and more regards by the geologists owing to their charac…     

国外开发可食性包装

近几年来,世界许多国家和地区研制开发可以被人体消化吸收的可食性包装材料,对控制白色污染具有广阔前景。 美国农业部农业研究局南部地区研究中心,利用大豆提炼的蛋白质,制造成功类似塑料的化合物,作为新一代食品包装材料,替代过去以石油为原料合成的塑料。其制作技术是:将大豆用水浸泡,软化之后加工磨碎,使蛋白质从固体成分中分离出来,而后将其晾干浓缩;另一种是用机械除去其中的水     

环境温度对混凝土梁式桥频率的影响研究

现有关于环境温度影响桥梁自振频率特性的研究通常针对特定桥梁，其通用性受到了一定的限制.鉴于混凝土梁式桥是应用最广泛的桥梁类型，本文从自振频率解析解出发，推导了混凝土梁式桥自振频率和温度关系的通用迭代计算公式，并通过数值算例和环境耦合箱模型试验进行验证.结果表明：环境温度对桥梁自振频率的影响不可忽视，所提出的桥梁自振频率迭代计算公式能有效考虑环境温度的影响，可用于计算实际温度作用下的混凝土梁式桥的频率.     

Effect of homogenization process on the hardness of Zn–Al–Cu alloys

The effect of a homogenizing treatment on the hardness of as-cast Zn–Al–Cu alloys was investigated. Eight alloy compositions were prepared and homogenized at 350 ℃ for 180 h, and their Rockwell “B” hardness was subsequently measured. All the specimens were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and metallographically prepared for observation by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results of the present work indicated that the hardness of both alloys (as-cast and homogenized) increased with increasing Al and Cu contents; this increased hardness is likely related to the presence of the θ and τ' phases. A regression equation was obtained to determine the hardness of the homogenized alloys as a function of their chemical composition and processing parameters, such as homogenization time and temperature, used in their preparation.     

Computational algorithms for simulating the grain structure formed on steel billets using cellular automaton and chaos theories

The development of some computational algorithms based on cellular automaton was described to simulate the structures formed during the solidification of steel products. The algorithms described take results from the steel thermal behavior and heat removal previously calculated using a simulator developed by present authors in a previous work. Stored time is used for displaying the steel transition from liquid to mushy and solid. And it is also used to command computational subroutines that reproduce nucleation and grain growth. These routines are logically programmed using the programming language C++ and are based on a simultaneous solution of numerical methods (stochastic and deterministic) to create a graphical representation of different grain structures formed. The grain structure obtained is displayed on the computer screen using a graphical user interface (GUI). The chaos theory and random generation numbers are included in the algorithms to simulate the heterogeneity of grain sizes and morphologies.