适用的哲学与认识的工具

一、适用的哲学最近几十年来,科学信息空前爆炸,以致就具体而积极地研究认识方法来说,"自然哲学"变得太广泛了.对此,物理学家、生物学家、心理学家以及其他在本学科领域进行创造性工作的专家,都应该加以研究;或者自己研究,或者和相应的科学史专家合作研究.严肃的科学著作不能没有哲学,但哲学应该是"具     

石破惊天新发现——揭开塔克拉玛干沙漠“楼兰遗民”的神秘盖头

早在2100多年前就已见诸文学的古楼兰王国,在丝绸之路上作为中国、波斯、印度、叙利亚和罗马帝国之间的中转贸易站,当时曾是世界上最开放,最繁华的“大都市”之一。然而,公元500年左右,它却一夜之间在中国史册上神秘消失了,众多遗民也同时“失踪”。他们到底去了哪里?多年来这一直是个难解之谜。然而,前不久新华社发了一条惊人的消息:人们在大漠边缘的米兰,发现了原属楼兰王国臣民的古罗布人后裔! 他们真的是谜一样的“楼兰遗民”吗?号称“沙漠火地”的罗布泊,为何会有像《水浒传》里石揭村那样的水泊渔村?日前笔者带着一系列疑问,对此进行了采访。     

美东地区罗德河流域地下水中铝形态分布的化学平衡模式计算

美东地区的罗德河流域遭受着严重的酸沉降侵蚀．在酸性条件下,铝从土壤中大量溶解并迁移到水环境中．地表水中升高的铝浓度对鱼类产生毒害,监测地表水和土壤水中的铝形态及浓度变化已成为问题的关键．本文报导了用化学平衡模式计算法分析美东地区罗德河流域地下水中的铝形态分布,获得了有价值的结论     

非谐振多光子过程的原子压缩效应

考虑非谐振情况下的多光子跃迁过程,在ｋ≥ｒ⊥,ｒ∥的条件下,利用绝热近似方法,由线性Ｆｏｋｋｅｒ－Ｐｌａｎｃｋ方程导出此过程的原子压缩表示式。     

非谐振多光子过程的Fokker—Planck方程

考虑非谐振情况下的多光子跃迁过程,由此导出耦合系统的Ｍａｓｔｅｒ方程和Ｆｏｋｋｅｒ－Ｐｌａｎｃｋ方程,。利用绝热消去方法,进一步导出Ｋ〉〉ｒ     

如何实现应变传感器的高精度检测

应变传感器的信号非常微弱,其幅度甚至小于干扰信号,因而必须通过精密检测电路抑制干扰。应变传感器信号具有其物理极限,利用载频技术实现了信号最大化。通过作为感应信号源的高精度感应分频器和自动校准的周期数可得到很高的增益稳定性。采用高精度检测单元和通用宽频带放大器系统可以高分辨率、高稳定性、有效地抑制和衰减干扰信号与不期望的动态信号,实现高精度检测。     

泰国中-新生代热带植物木化石研究

泰国东北部柯叻府及邻区中-新生代木化石非常丰富并保存有完好的解剖构造,是探究热带植被历史、古气候演化以及古环境变迁等问题的重要实证材料.最近的野外调查和专题研究确认该地区中-新生代木化石11科19属约50个种或种级分类单元,分别隶属于裸子植物和被子植物两大分类群,其中有5科7属20种(包括未定种)为前人在泰国未曾报道的类型.当前木材化石群揭示出在中生代后期,泰国东北部热带针叶树植被以南洋杉科为主;在中新世-更新世时期,该地区主要发育落叶和常绿阔叶树植被,代表热带气候环境.     

The fate of injectant coal in blast furnaces: The origin of extractable materials of high molecular mass in blast furnace carryover dusts

The aim of the work was to investigate the fate of injectant coal in blast furnaces and the origin of extractable materials in blast furnace carryover dusts. Two sets of samples including injectant coal and the corresponding carryover dusts from a full sized blast furnace and a pilot scale rig have been examined. The samples were extracted using 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) solvent and the extracts studied by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The blast furnace carryover dust extracts contained high molecular weight carbonaceous material, of apparent mass corresponding to 10⁷?10⁸ u, by polystyrene calibration. In contrast, the feed coke and char prepared in a wire mesh reactor under high temperature conditions did not give any extractable material. Meanwhile, controlled combustion experiments in a high-pressure wire mesh reactor suggest that the extent of combustion of injectant coal in the blast furnace tuyeres and raceways is limited by time of exposure and very low oxygen concentration. It is thus likely that the extractable, soot-like material in the blast furnace dust originated in tars is released by the injectant coal. Our results suggest that the unburned tars were thermally altered during the upward path within the furnace, giving rise to the formation of heavy molecular weight (soot-like) materials.     

一类二维离散混沌系统在不同系统参数下的自适应混沌同步

基于参量自适应控制中的混沌同步，针对一类二维离散混沌系统，提出了混沌系统在不同系统参 数下的混沌同步方法，并给出了理论证明和实际应用例子。其理论结果很容易扩展到高维系统。     

Lightning activity on the central Tibetan Plateau and its response to convective available potential energy

Lightning flash activities on the central Tibetan Plateau have been studied by using the satellite-based Lightning Imaging Sensor(LIS)database from January 1998 to July 2002.The lightning activity shows a clear diurnal variation on the central Plateau.The peak lightning activity appears at about 17:00 which is 3 h earlier than that in Jingxhou,Hubei in the same latitude belt nearby,indicating that the lightning activity is a sensitive indicator of solar heating on the Plateau.The lightning discharge is weaker on the Plateau than Jingzhou.Hubei and other low-altitude continental regions because of the lower convective available potential energy(CAPE)on the Plateau.The CAPE on the Plateau is 12 times lower than that in Jingzhou,Hubei,and 20 times lower than that in the sea-level region,such as Guangzhou and Florida.However,the sensitivity of lightning activity to CAPE changes on the Plateau is up to 30 times more sensitive than other prominent low-altitude regions.