纳米级石墨晶体的各向异性力学性能的计算

理想的石墨晶体是由碳原子以sp^2杂化轨道和邻近的三个碳原子形成共价键，构成六角平面的网状层片结构，层片之间以Van der Waals力相结合．基于原子键合理论的力能关系基本原理：层片内以C—S键合单元相结合，层片间采用连续介质填充单元，建立石墨晶体的复合模型．其中C—C键合单元包括两个节点，每个节点包含三个自由度：ux，uy，uz．键合单元是该复合建模方法的主要部分．通过运算分析，确定了石墨晶体C—C键合单元的各个参数，该参数保证了石墨晶体正交各向异性的性质．同时，通过建立石墨晶体的拉伸、剪切等计算模型，并与实验数据相对比，验证了该石墨晶体复合建模方法的正确性，并将该复合模型用于研究石墨晶体的模态分析．该复合建模方法为研究石墨的微观结构、性能等提供了一种有效的数值模拟方法．     

超高分子量聚乙烯冻胶纤维拉伸流变性能的研究

本文通过恒速拉伸测力仪探讨了超高分子量聚乙烯冻胶纤维的拉伸流变性质,发现它的表观拉伸粘度η_(?)与拉伸形变速率ε之间的关系曲线因温度和拉伸倍数λ的不同可分为三种类型。三种曲线均在ε=0.005s~(-1)左右发生了重大转折,说明ε=0.005s~(-1)处是聚乙烯冻胶纤维在拉伸时,大分子链缠结与解缠这对矛盾的关节点。不仅η_(?)与ε的关系曲线在此处发生重大转折,而且拉伸应力σ_(?)与ε的关系曲线也在此处出现极大值。实验还发现温度对η_(?)的影响可分为二个区。在低温区,拉伸粘流活化能E_(aⅡ)=20～50kJ/mol,对应于纤维内自由体积的收缩和无定形区的变形;在高温区,拉伸粘流活化能E_(aⅠ)=150～330kJ/mol,对应于大分子链的滑移和伸直链结晶的发展,E_(aⅠ)随拉伸倍数的上升而下降。二个温度区之间的转变温度T_D=117～123℃,它受ε和λ的影响而略有变化。λ较大时,T_D较小;ε较大时,T_D就偏向上限。     

国际产业转移与中国区域经济的发展

文章从经济增长、产业集群、工业化进程、对外贸易、产业创新、产业结构调整等角度分析国际产业转移对我国地方区域经济发展的影响，并对区域承接国际产业转移提出一些对策建议。     

Comprehensive analysis of the impact of climatic changes on Chinese terrestrial net primary productivity

Recent climatic changes have affected terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP). This paper presents an investigation of the impact of climatic changes on Chinese terrestrial vegetation NPP by analyzing 18 years’ (1982 to 1999) climatic data and satellite observations of vegetation activity. Results indicate that climatic changes in China have eased some critical climatic constraint on plant growth. (1) From 1982 to 1999, modeled NPP increased by 1.42%·a-1 in water-limited regions of Northwest China, 1.46%·a-1 in temperature-limited regions of Northeast China and Tibet Plateau, and 0.99%·a-1 in radia- tion-limited regions of South China and East China. (2) NPP increased by 24.2%, i.e. 0.76 petagram of carbon (Pg C) over 18 years in China. Changes in climate (with constant vegetation) directly contrib- uted nearly 11.5% (0.36 Pg C). Changes in vegetation (with constant climate) contributed 12.4% (0.40 Pg C), possibly as a result of climate-vegetation feedbacks, changes in land use, and growth stimula- tion from other mechanisms. (3) Globally, NPP declined during all three major El Ni-o events (1982 to 1983, 1987 to 1988, and 1997 to 1998) between 1982 and 2000, but Chinese vegetation productivity re- sponded differently to them because of the monsoon dynamics. In the first three events (1982 to 1983, 1987 to 1988, and 1992), Chinese vegetation NPP declined, while in the later two events (1993, 1997 to 1998) increasing obviously.     

微博客在我国高校图书馆的应用研究

从我国高校图书馆微博账户的增长速度、发布微博的数量、日均发布微博的数量及微博账户＂粉丝＂数量等方面,分析了我国高校图书馆利用微博的情况,探讨了我国高校图书馆微博存在的问题,以期为今后我国高校图书馆应用微博提供参考。     

醋酸装置脱水塔中甲酸分离动态行为分析

建立了醋酸生产分离过程的数学模型,对脱水塔的操作工况进行了模拟分析。结果表明,甲酸富集区的形状和位置与全塔的物料分割比例,回流比及进料和侧线位置有关;通过增大侧线抽出量,可降低富集区甲酸和氯离子的浓度,减缓设备的腐蚀速率,延长设备使用寿命。     

The genome sequence of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea

Magnaporthe grisea is the most destructive pathogen of rice worldwide and the principal model organism for elucidating the molecular basis of fungal disease of plants. Here, we report the draft sequence of the M. grisea genome. Analysis of the gene set provides an insight into the adaptations required by a fungus to cause disease. The genome encodes a large and diverse set of secreted proteins, including those defined by unusual carbohydrate-binding domains. This fungus also possesses an expanded family of G-protein-coupled receptors, several new virulence-associated genes and large suites of enzymes involved in secondary metabolism. Consistent with a role in fungal pathogenesis, the expression of several of these genes is upregulated during the early stages of infection-related development. The M. grisea genome has been subject to invasion and proliferation of active transposable elements, reflecting the clonal nature of this fungus imposed by widespread rice cultivation.     

三叶青两个肌动蛋白基因片段的克隆及其分析

根据GenBank中登录的植物肌动蛋白保守序列设计1对引物,对三叶青的块根进行RT‐PCR ,在1次扩增中得到2个不同的肌动蛋白基因片段,分别命名为 ThAct1和 ThAct2．测序结果显示：ThAct1基因片段长度为867 bp ,编码252个氨基酸;ThAct2基因片段长度为1079 bp ,编码152个氨基酸．经Blast分析,ThAct1和ThAct2基因均属于NBD＿sugar‐kinase＿HSP70＿actin superfamily家族,与其它物种Actin基因序列和编码的蛋白质均具有同源性．RT‐PCR结果初步表明：在茎、普通根和块根中 ThAct1和 ThAct2基因的表达未见差异;但在叶中,ThAct1的表达稍强,而 ThAct2的表达稍弱．另外,在茎、普通根和块根中,ThAct1表达比ThAct2强;但在叶中 ThAct1表达比ThAct2弱．结果为分析肌动蛋白基因在三叶青块根发育中的功能奠定了基础;获得的肌动蛋白也可以作为内参基因,在三叶青功能基因组的研究中用于其它基因的定量表达分析．     

单桩荷载与位移曲线规律分析

首先提出利用分层位移迭代法计算单杠荷载与位移（桩顶沉降），即Ｐ－ｓ曲线的方法，然后分析单桩Ｐ－ｓ曲线随桩长Ｌ、直径Ｄ、桩身材料弹性模量Ｅ和极端阻力Ｒμ的变化规律，发现一些重要特征和新的规律，最后利用实测结果进行了验证。文章对制定桩的静载试验规则和合理设计桩基础，具有重要意义。     

微TPV系统中多孔介质燃烧室的数值模拟

为优化燃烧室的设计,提高微热光电系统的整体效率和工作性能,建立了颗粒填充型多孔介质燃烧室.通过试验验证,应用Fluent软件对多孔介质结构的微燃烧室进行数值模拟,分析孔隙率、氢氧体积混合比和流量比等因素对燃烧室性能的影响.模拟结果表明,采用多孔介质结构可以改善燃烧室的燃烧性能,燃烧室在多孔介质孔隙率为0.52,氢氧体积混合比为2:1,入口流量为200 mL/min时燃烧效率较高,有利于微热光电系统稳定高效地工作.