弱智儿童的脑机制及教育启示探析

弱智儿童的脑机制是我国特殊教育界尚未探讨的一个领域。从智力、弱智和学习的本质出发,探讨了弱智儿童脑发育的机制和脑活动机制,认为弱智儿童脑发育的正常机制因为先天、后天的遗传异常或损伤遭到了破坏,由此导致了神经系统的传导失能,并表现为神经环路的形成困难、传导的信息堵塞和消失这些主要的神经活动特点。提出了干预或教育弱智儿童的三大措施,包括食物或物质干预、文化给予以及感官训练与文化、言语的结合。     

Synthesis and Largely Enhanced Nonlinear Refraction of Au@Cu_2O Core-Shell Nanorods

Au@Cu_2O core-shell nanorods with tunable thickness of Cu_2O shell were synthesized and their linear and nonlinear optical responses were investigated. Two transverse plasmon resonance peaks were observed when the Au nanorods were coated with Cu_2O shells, which were adjusted by the Cu_2O shell thickness. The nonlinear absorption of the Au@Cu_2O nanorods is enhanced by 5 times at the longitudinal plasmon resonance wavelength compared with that of bare Au nanorods. More intriguingly, largely enhanced nonlinear refraction and suppressed nonlinear absorption at the transverse plasmon resonance wavelength were observed in the Au@Cu_2O nanorods. Our findings indicate the existence of strong local field enhancement at the interface between the Au core and the Cu_2O shell, which would provide a promising strategy in designing plasmonic nonlinear nanodevices with good nonlinear figures of merit.     

Effects of Strain Rate,Temperature and Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolutions of Polycrystalline Nickel Nanowires: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Through molecular dynamics(MD)simulation,the dependencies of temperature,grain size and strain rate on the mechanical properties were studied.The simulation results demonstrated that the strain rate from 0.05 to 2 ns~(–1 )affected the Young’s modulus of nickel nanowires slightly,whereas the yield stress increased.The Young’s modulus decreased approximately linearly;however,the yield stress firstly increased and subsequently dropped as the temperature increased.The Young’s modulus and yield stress increased as the mean grain size increased from 2.66 to6.72 nm.Moreover,certain efforts have been made in the microstructure evolution with mechanical properties association under uniaxial tension.Certain phenomena such as the formation of twin structures,which were found in nanowires with larger grain size at higher strain rate and lower temperature,as well as the movement of grain boundaries and dislocation,were detected and discussed in detail.The results demonstrated that the plastic deformation was mainly accommodated by the motion of grain boundaries for smaller grain size.However,for larger grain size,the formations of stacking faults and twins were the main mechanisms of plastic deformation in the polycrystalline nickel nanowire.     

植入式硅神经微电极的发展

 神经科学和神经工程研究需要研究大脑神经元的电活动情况，以了解大脑产生、传输和处理信息的机制。植入式神经微电极作为一种传感器件，是时间分辨率最高的神经电活动传感手段之一。介绍了国内外几种主要的植入式硅基神经微电极的结构特点、制备方法和性能特点。分析表明，未来通过不断结构优化和改性修饰，特别是在高通量的神经记录方面，通过与同样基于硅材料的电路的集成，硅神经微电极能够进一步提高生物相容性，解决大规模的电极通道体内外传输与连接问题，实现对神经元的在体大规模长时间记录。     

乡村振兴绩效评价:意义、维度与路径

2018年,中共中央、国务院印发《中国乡村振兴战略规划(2018-2022年)》,全面部署和布局乡村振兴战略.文章基于政府绩效评价的理念和方法,构建乡村振兴绩效评价指标体系,明确评价维度,为实现乡村振兴、城乡融合发展提供价值导向、度量体系和动力工具.该评价维度包涵资源投入、过程监管、目标实现情况和社会满意度四个方面.文章指出,相关单位以绩效评价推进乡村振兴时应注重顶层设计,强化部门协同,构建评价体系,引入第三方评价主体,凸显农民获得感.     

人类卫生健康共同体视域下的全球科技合作研究——以新冠肺炎疫情为背景

新冠疫情暴发以来,中国政府和人民秉持人类命运共同体理念,运用一系列先进技术,在较短时间内扭转了国内疫情的严峻形势.在此背景下,为了更好地发挥中国方案在全球抗疫中的作用,文章运用内容分析法和归纳分析法,首先梳理了从人类命运共同体到人类卫生健康共同体的理论逻辑,其次探究了人类卫生健康共同体、全球科技合作与疫情防控之间的结构关系,最后分析了中国疫情防控的有效举措,进而得出结论:中国疫情防控工作的成效离不开人类命运共同体理念的指引和全球科技合作的开展,而中国在平台建设、机制整合及合作网络等领域的方案共享将有助于遏制全球疫情的蔓延.     

Speeding Up the GVW Algorithm via a Substituting Method

Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - The GVW algorithm is an efficient signature-based algorithm for computing Gröbner bases. In this paper, the authors consider the implementation of...     

非均匀介质下的可调光流控器件及其生化应用

 探讨了非均匀介质下不同光流控器件及其生化应用。在微流控芯片上，主要从2个方面开发和实现各类具有光波导、透镜、细胞计数、化学检测等功能的新器件。首先，在液液非均匀介质下，通过调节沟道内液体流速，控制液体间的对流扩散来实现液体在微腔内的渐变折射率分布和阶跃分布，从而得到其特殊的光学特性，例如光束分离、弯曲、自聚焦等。其次，在固体非均匀介质下，利用特殊的微流结构与液体相结合，实现更加灵敏可调的新型探测手段。这些新型技术手段分别在生物传感、能源生产、细胞探测及海水检测等诸多应用中可发挥关键性作用。