聚能射流水中侵爆盖板B炸药仿真研究

为获得聚能射流对水中盖板B炸药侵爆作用能力,开展水层厚度影响规律研究.基于准定常侵彻理论得到了紫铜聚能射流侵彻水介质时射流速度计算式;建立侵爆仿真模型,研究了聚能射流水中成型与运动、侵彻盖板及起爆装药的变化特性,计算给出了射流侵彻盖板前后的速度和直径的变化,结果表明,射流侵爆水中盖板B炸药的临界水层厚度为261 mm,并依据Held判据得出B炸药的起爆阈值为18.598 mm³·μs^-2.研究结果对聚能射流水下毁伤技术的应用提供技术参考.     

智能混合动力汽车经济性自适应巡航控制策略研究

针对智能混合动力汽车自适应巡航过程中的能量控制策略问题,结合模型预测控制在处理多目标、多约束优化问题方面的优势和粒子群算法运算量小、收敛快的特点,将粒子群算法作为模型预测控制的滚动优化方法,构造基于模型预测控制的粒子群算法.仿真结果表明,文中算法能够使绝大部分工况点落在较低燃油消耗率区域,只有少部分工况点落在非经济区域,虽然多消耗了1.06%的燃油,但在运算速度上却获得了60.3%的提升.     

制造商资金约束下的双渠道供应链协调

考虑由单一零售商和受资金约束的单一制造商组成的双渠道供应链,在引入带有价格折扣因子的零售商提前付款融资模式时,如何实现协调的问题.在制造商主导的Stackelberg博弈下,研究了制造商和零售商之间的库存协调问题,并建立了使得双渠道供应链实现协调的收入共享契约模型.给出了供应链协调时契约参数满足的表达式,并分析了价格折扣因子、初始资金对供应链及其成员的影响.最后,通过算例验证了契约对双渠道供应链协调的有效性及相关参数的作用.     

一种快捷可靠的大肠杆菌重组质粒筛选方法

针对如何大规模地筛选大肠杆菌重组子,将质粒快检和菌落PCR两种方法巧妙地融合,建立一种新的高效快捷的重组质粒筛选方法.该方法不需接种抽取质粒,在转化子长出当天即可筛选到重组质粒.大规模基因克隆表明该方法能够快速、准确地筛选出阳性克隆.     

Experimental validation of inter-subspecific genetic diversity in rice represented by the differences between the DNA sequences of ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘93-11’

The pedigrees of three sequenced rice cultivars were analyzed to show that a majority of the genetic composition of 'Nipponbare' originates from japonica cultivars while the minority originates from indica cultivars. In contrast, '93-11' is derived mainly from indica cultivars with a smaller contribution from japonica cultivars. All ancestors of 'Guang lu ai 4' appeared to be indica lines. A set of molecular markers (46 InDels and 53 SSRs) polymorphic between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' were examined in 46 typical indica and 47 typical japonica cultivars selected from 443 accessions according to Cheng's index. All cultivars were divided into indica and japonica groups without overlapping when clustered by Cheng's index, InDels and SSRs. Much higher InDel and SSR diversity between groups than within groups implies that the marker polymorphisms between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' represent a large proportion of inter-subspecific diversity. About 85% of indica cultivars and more than 90% of japonica cultivars were confirmed to have the same PCR banding patterns as '93-11' and 'Nipponbare', respectively. Some polymorphic loci between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' cannot be validated in other indica and japonica cultivars, either as subspecies-specific but not predominant alleles, or alleles not specific between the two groups. It was concluded that molecular markers developed from sequence polymorphism between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' often represent inter-subspecific diversity, although some exceptions were sensitive to either particular marker loci or particular cultivars.     

Ni46Mn35Ga19单晶中磁转变和马氏体相变的物理表征及形状记忆效应

NiMnGa是最早发现的铁磁形状记忆合金,是一种新型的形状记忆材料。自发现以来,许多学者对其进行了深入的研究,但对磁转交和马氏体转变共同发生的转变特性却缺乏系统的表征。本文采用多种测量手段,如相变潜热、电阻、交流磁化率和应变测量,对提拉法生长的Ni46Mn35Ga19单晶的磁转变和马氏体相变同时发生的转变行为进行了系统表征;根据合金形状记忆的特点和马氏体变体择优取向的机理,对实验结果进行了分析和讨论。应变测量结果表明,伴随该转变行为,材料展现出应变量达-0．89％的自发双向形状记忆效应和应变量高达-1．90％的磁控形状记忆效应。     

地方高校高分子专业人才培养模式探究——以广西师范学院高分子材料与工程专业为例

针对地方性院校高分子材料与工程专业在人才培养方面的不足,拟通过培养目标改革、课程设置改革、教学方法改革、教学实践环节改革和加强教师队伍培训的方法,从而使地方高校高分子材料与工程专业形成专业定位明确、特色显著的人才培养模式。     

高等级公路边坡护坡植被适应性评价体系的研究

以涿廊高速公路为例,利用1999～2010年的年均降水量、年均气温、日照时间、年积温数据和杨树、柳树、紫穗槐、爬山虎、紫花苜蓿的生长条件,基于主成分分析和层次分析法建立高等级公路边坡植被适应性评价模型。结果表明：在一定区域范围内,利用主成份和层次分析法,构建的高等级公路边坡护坡植被适应性评价模型是可行的,并为植被适应性评价探索了一条新方法和途径。     

Variable diffusion boundary layer and diffusion flux at sediment-water interface in response to dynamic forcing over an intertidal mudflat

The diffusion boundary layer (DBL) significantly limits the exchange between sediment and overlying water and therefore becomes a bottleneck of diffusive vertical flux at the sediment-water interface (SWI). Variable DBL thickness and diffusion flux in response to dynamic forcing may influence replenishment of nutrients and secondary pollution in coastal waters. In situ measurements of velocity in the bottom boundary layer (BBL) and oxygen concentration in the DBL were made over an intertidal mudflat, using an acoustic Doppler current and mini profiler. A linear distributed zone in the oxygen profile, the profile slope discontinuity and variance of concentration can be used to derive accurate DBL thickness. Diffusion fluxes calculated from the water column and sediment are identical, and their bias is less than 6%. A numerical model PROFILE is used to simulate the in situ dissolved oxygen profile, and layered dissolved oxygen consumption rates in the sediment are calculated. The DBL thickness (0.10-0.35 mm) and diffusion flux (15.4-53.6 mmol m 2 d 1) vary with a factor of 3.5 during a tidal period. Over an intertidal mudflat, DBL thickness is controlled by flow speed U in the BBL, according to δDBL=1686.1DU 1+0.1 (D is the molecular diffusion coefficient). That is, the DBL thickness δDBL increases with decreasing flow speed U. Changes of diffusion flux at the SWI are caused by variations in the water above the sediment and the turbulent mixing intensity. The diffusion flux is positively related to the turbulent dissipation rate, friction velocity and turbulent energy. Under the influence of dynamics in the BBL, DBL thickness and flux vary significantly.     

醋酸调质钙基吸收剂的循环碳酸化特性

提出了采用醋酸溶液调质石灰石和白云石的方法来提高它们在循环煅烧-碳酸化过反应过程中吸收CO2的能力.在不同反应条件下分别研究了石灰石和白云石的醋酸化产物醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁在循环煅烧-碳酸化过程中的碳酸化转化率.结果表明:碳酸化温度在600～700℃时,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁的转化率分别明显高于石灰石和白云石,经过15次循环和20次循环后其碳酸化转化率分别可达0.54和0.6.当煅烧温度从920℃增加到1 050℃时,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁转化率和抗烧结性能明显优于石灰石和白云石.随着碳酸化气氛中CO2浓度的增加,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁转化率的增量小于石灰石和白云石.存在最佳的粒径范围使醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁的碳酸化能力最大.虽然醋酸钙镁的碳酸化转化率高于醋酸钙,但单位质量煅烧后的醋酸钙的CO2吸收量大于醋酸钙镁.