超高性能混凝土组合桥面板集群化短焊钉抗疲劳特性

进行4个单钉和2个群钉疲劳推出试验,将短焊钉疲劳寿命与国内外规范中的焊钉S-N曲线进行比较,并结合塑性损伤有限元模型展开分析。结果表明：短焊钉疲劳破坏表现为根部剪断和周围超高性能混凝土（UHPC）局部压溃;集群化短焊钉疲劳寿命较单钉减少26.9%,在疲劳加载过程中抗剪刚度退化显著快于单钉,当加载次数达到疲劳寿命的12.0%附近时,抗剪刚度比减小至16%左右;AASHTO规范有较大的安全储备,相比之下日本规范（JSCE）与试验结果最为接近,安全富余较少。此外,疲劳荷载下集群化短焊钉根部循环应变幅大于单钉,而且周边UHPC的塑性损伤累积分布更大。     

超声波场影响Langmuir吸附相平衡的机理分析

从分子动力学规律出发,建立了Langmuir吸附系统在外场作用下的吸附相平衡关系式,并根据超声条件下吸附相分子的受迫振动和非吸附相分子的波动,分别讨论了吸附相分子及非吸附相分子在超声波场中获得的能量,结果表明:在超声波场中,吸附相分子比非吸附相分子获得更多的能量是Langmuir吸附平衡等温线降低的本质所在.理论结果进一步表明:当超声波频率一定时,Langmuir平衡吸附量随超声波场能流的增大而减少;当超声波能流一定时,可通过调节超声波频率达到吸附相分子的固有频率而使吸附相分子获得最大的能量,从而使Langmuir平衡吸附量最小.     

柴油机燃用二甲醚排放实验研究

在ZS195直喷式柴油机实验台上进行了二甲醚的燃烧与排放试验,着重研究了甲醛及甲酸甲酯等非常规污染物的排放,并同时进行了常规排放物的研究．实验表明,DME燃烧物中HC的排放与甲醛的排放具有基本相同的规律：随平均有效压力的增加排放浓度下降．甲醛排放浓度与HC的排放浓度密切相关,实验数据表明,除少量数据外,HC的排放浓度与甲醛排放浓度呈线性关系．甲酸甲酯的排放与甲醛及HC无直接关系．同时,在DME的燃烧排放物中发现有微量甲酸甲酯的排放,但尚未发现DME燃烧排放物中有蚁酸存在．     

铜离子对铜锌超氧化物歧化酶二聚作用的影响

观测了Cu^2＋在脱辅基SOD（apoSOD）二聚过程中的作用．探讨了过氧化氢和pH值对SOD二聚体形成的影响,以及缺锌多铜SOD（Cu^2＋SOD）诱导其他蛋白质聚集的作用．结果显示Cu^2＋SOD自聚集成二聚体,在SDS作用下不解聚;pH值为5．6～6．8最有利于Cu^2＋SOD二聚体的形成．而过氧化氢的存在导致Cu^2＋SOD二聚体解聚成单体．另一方面,发现Cu^2＋SOD能够诱导结构类似的apoSOD,Zn4SOD和Cu2Zn2SOD形成不被SDS解聚的二聚体,而对其他蛋白质没有影响,表明Cu^2＋SOD诱导蛋白质聚集时有一定的空间结构选择性．     

含磷化合物生物矿化铀的形态转化与机理

磷元素作为微生物生存生长的必要元素,能有效与铀结合矿化成稳定的U-P沉淀或相应矿物。采用混合细菌介导法,添加含磷化合物处理铀污染地下水-沉积物,探究磷和土著菌相互作用下铀的形态变化及产物稳定性。结果表明：含磷化合物的添加使得溶液中铀去除率高达99.84%;改进连续提取实验得知,沉积物中磷作用后的铀稳定态比例约75%。根据X射线光电子能谱分析和改进连续提取实验结果,细菌可以有效地介导U-P沉淀,含磷化合物可以与六价铀络合形成稳定的沉淀物,结合X射线衍射表明在细菌作用下,磷与铀发生生物矿化可生成Ca-U-P沉淀,实现铀从可转移相到稳定相的转化与固定。     

金属有机化合物化学气相淀积含钛硬质涂层的性能研究

在用文题淀积方法制备出氮化钛、碳氮化钛和碳氮氧化钛硬质涂层的基础上,用表面分析手段分别进行了成分、结构分析、形貌观察和硬度测定。结果表明:以二乙胺基钛为原料可分别在773K和973K淀积氮化钛和碳氮化钛涂层;用钛酸异丙酯和钛酸丁酯可分别在973K和1073K获得碳氮氧化钛涂层。所得的涂层表面光洁度高、与基体附着性好、硬度满足实用要求。相比于普通化学气相淀积方法,本法在制备硬质涂层上有两大优点:(1)淀积温度降低,扩大了基体的选用范围;(2)固溶体涂层的获得扩大了涂层的适用范围。     

BRD7 regulates the insulin-signaling pathway by increasing phosphorylation of GSK3β

Reduced hepatic expression levels of bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7) have been suggested to play a role in the development of glucose intolerance in obesity. However, the molecular mechanism by which BRD7 regulates glucose metabolism has remained unclear. Here, we show that BRD7 increases phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in response to activation of the insulin receptor-signaling pathway shortly after insulin stimulation and the nutrient-sensing pathway after feeding. BRD7 mediates phosphorylation of GSK3β at the Serine 9 residue and this effect on GSK3β occurs even in the absence of AKT activity. Using both in vitro and in vivo models, we further demonstrate that BRD7 mediates phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) and leads to increased phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and, therefore, relieves its inhibition of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). However, the increase in phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 with BRD7 overexpression is blunted in the absence of AKT activity. In addition, using liver-specific BRD7 knockout (LBKO) mice, we show that BRD7 is required for mTORC1 activity on its downstream molecules. These findings show a novel basis for understanding the molecular dynamics of glucose metabolism and suggest the unique function of BRD7 in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.     

滞后中立型线性离散系统的滞后无关稳定性判据

给出了几个滞后中立型线性离散系统稳定性的充分条件，由于这些条件与滞后无关且形成简单，对于初步判定其稳定性提供了有用的工具。     

Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

Genome-wide association study of flowering time and grain yield traits in a worldwide collection of rice germplasm

A high-density haplotype map recently enabled a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a population of indica subspecies of Chinese rice landraces. Here we extend this methodology to a larger and more diverse sample of 950 worldwide rice varieties, including the Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica subspecies, to perform an additional GWAS. We identified a total of 32 new loci associated with flowering time and with ten grain-related traits, indicating that the larger sample increased the power to detect trait-associated variants using GWAS. To characterize various alleles and complex genetic variation, we developed an analytical framework for haplotype-based de novo assembly of the low-coverage sequencing data in rice. We identified candidate genes for 18 associated loci through detailed annotation. This study shows that the integrated approach of sequence-based GWAS and functional genome annotation has the potential to match complex traits to their causal polymorphisms in rice.